Interpreting the clinical trials of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the treatment of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn

Bartlett, 1985, Extracorporeal circulation in neonatal respiratory failure: a prospective randomized study, Pediatrics, 76, 479, 10.1542/peds.76.4.479 O'Rourke, 1989, Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and conventional medical therapy in neonates with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn: a prospective randomized study, Pediatrics, 84, 957, 10.1542/peds.84.6.957 Ware, 1989, Investigating therapies of potentially great benefit (with comments), Stat Sci, 4, 298, 10.1214/ss/1177012384 Royall, 1991, Ethics and statistics in randomised clinical trials (with comments), Stat Sci, 6, 52, 10.1214/ss/1177011934 Berry, 1989, Monitoring accumulating data in a clinical trial, Biometrics, 45, 1197, 10.2307/2531771 Walley, 1996, Analysis of clinical data using imprecise prior probabilities, Statistician, 45, 457, 10.2307/2988546 Bartlett, 1990, Extracorporeal life support for cardiopulmonary failure, Curr Prob Surg, 27, 623, 10.1016/0011-3840(90)90015-W Hill, 1972, Prolonged extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for acute post traumatic respiratory failure (shock-lung syndrome): use of the Bramson membrane lung, N Engl J Med, 286, 629, 10.1056/NEJM197203232861204 Zapol, 1979, Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in severe acute respiratory failure: a randomized prospective study, JAMA, 242, 2193, 10.1001/jama.1979.03300200023016 Roberts, 1993, Advances in the treatment of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn, Pediatr Clin North Am, 40, 983, 10.1016/S0031-3955(16)38619-9 Dworetz, 1989, Survival of infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension without extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, Pediatrics, 84, 1, 10.1542/peds.84.1.1 1996, Extra extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO): the UK collaborative neonatal ECMO trial, Lancet, 348, 75, 10.1016/S0140-6736(96)04100-1 Page, 1994, Developmental outcomes of infants treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in the neonatal period: is the evidence all in?, Perin Epidemiol, 8, 123, 10.1111/j.1365-3016.1994.tb00441.x Wung, 1985, Management of infants with severe respiratory failure and persistence of the fetal circulation, without hyperventilation, Pediatrics, 76, 488, 10.1542/peds.76.4.488 Kinsella, 1995, Recent developments in the pathophysiology and treatment of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn, J Pediatr, 126, 853, 10.1016/S0022-3476(95)70197-4 Beck, 1986, Criteria for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in a population of infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn, J Pediatr Surg, 21, 297, 10.1016/S0022-3468(86)80188-9 Krummel, 1984, Alveolar-arterial oxygen gradients versus the neontal pulmonary insufficiency index for prediction of mortality in ECMO candidates, J Pediatr Surg, 19, 380, 10.1016/S0022-3468(84)80257-2 Marsh, 1988, Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation selection criteria: partial pressure of arterial oxygen versus alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient, Pediatrics, 82, 162, 10.1542/peds.82.2.162 Ortiz, 1987, Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in paediatric respiratory failure, Pediatr Clin North Am, 34, 39, 10.1016/S0031-3955(16)36179-X Bifano, 1992, Prospective, randomized controlled trial of conventional treatment or transport for ECMO in infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPHN), Pediatr Res, 31, 196A Gross, 1994, Prospective randomized controlled trial of conventional treatment or transport for ECMO in infants with severe persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPHN): two year follow-up, Pediatr Res, 36, 17A, 10.1203/00006450-199407000-00086 Wei, 1978, The randomized play-the-winner rule in medical trials, J Am Stat Ass, 73, 830, 10.2307/2286290 Hardwick, 1989, Comment. In discussion of Ware JH. Investigating therapies of potentially great benefit, Stat Sci, 4, 327, 10.1214/ss/1177012392 Bartlett, 1991, Comment. In discussion of Royall RM. Ethics and statistics in randomized clinical trials, Stat Sci, 6, 63, 10.1214/ss/1177011935 Wei, 1988, Exact two-sample permutation tests based on the randomized play-the-winner rule, Biometrika, 75, 603, 10.1093/biomet/75.3.603 Wei, 1990, Statistical inference with data dependent treatment allocation rules, J Am Stat Ass, 85, 156, 10.2307/2289538 Begg, 1990, On inferences from Wei's biased coin design for clinical trials, Biometrika, 77, 467, 10.1093/biomet/77.3.467 Begg, 1989, Comment. In discussion of Ware JH. Investigating therapies of potentially great benefit, Stat Sci, 4, 320, 10.1214/ss/1177012388 Freedman, 1987, Equipoise and ethics of clinical research, N Engl J Med, 317, 141, 10.1056/NEJM198707163170304 Hill, 1963, Medical ethics and controlled trial, Br Med J, 1, 1043, 10.1136/bmj.1.5337.1043 Kass, 1989, Comment: a Bayesian perspective. In discussion of Ware JH. Investigating therapies of potentially great benefit, Stat Sci, 4, 310, 10.1214/ss/1177012386 Walley, 1991 Walley, 1995, Inferences from multinomial data: learning about a bag of marbles (with discussion), J R Stat Soc Ser B, 57, 3 Paneth, 1985, Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and the play the winner rule, Pediatrics, 76, 622, 10.1542/peds.76.4.622 Armitage, 1989, Comment. In discussion of Ware JH. Investigating therapies of potentially great benefit, Stat Sci, 4, 322, 10.1214/ss/1177012389 Berry, 1989, Comment. In discussion of Ware JH. Investigating therapies of potentially great benefit, Stat Sci, 4, 306, 10.1214/ss/1177012385 Field, 1996, Clinical management of PPHN, Semin Neonatol, 2, 59, 10.1016/S1084-2756(97)80025-5 Hallman, 1985, Exogenous human surfactant for treatment of severe respiratory distress syndrome: a randomized prospective clinical tiral, J Pediatr, 106, 963, 10.1016/S0022-3476(85)80253-5 Wung, 1993, Optimizing conventional respiratory support Bower, 1996, Preventive therapy: neural tube defects Abman, 1994, Pathogenesis and treatment of neonatal and postnatal pulmonary hypertension, Curr Opin Pediatr, 6, 239, 10.1097/00008480-199406000-00003