Nội dung được dịch bởi AI, chỉ mang tính chất tham khảo
Di cư lao động quốc tế từ một ranh giới phát triển nhiệt đới: Các hộ gia đình toàn cầu hóa và một quá trình chuyển tiếp rừng mới nổi
Tóm tắt
Nghiên cứu này tài liệu hóa di cư lao động và những tác động của nó đến thu nhập hộ gia đình, phúc lợi vật chất và các thực hành sử dụng đất ở khu vực phía nam Yucatán, Mexico, đồng thời xem xét mối quan hệ giữa di cư lao động và sự phục hồi rừng địa phương. Dựa trên khảo sát 203 hộ gia đình tại 14 cộng đồng, chúng tôi so sánh các hộ gia đình di cư và không di cư, cho thấy rằng thu nhập từ di cư thay thế cho thu nhập từ nông nghiệp và các hộ gia đình di cư cày cấy diện tích đất nông nghiệp ít hơn đáng kể. Tỷ lệ hộ gia đình di cư duy trì chăn nuôi lớn hơn, tuy nhiên, trung bình không nhiều hơn các hecta. Những động lực này nhất quán với sự giảm thiểu sa mạc hóa ghi nhận tại khu vực vào năm 2000. Sự phục hồi rừng địa phương mới nổi được xem xét dưới ánh sáng lý thuyết chuyển tiếp rừng hiện tại, với việc xem xét ba con đường giả thuyết dẫn đến sự phục hồi rừng: phát triển kinh tế, khan hiếm rừng và điều chỉnh nông nghiệp của nông hộ nhỏ. Trường hợp phía nam Yucatán minh họa sự cần thiết phải tích cực kết hợp vai trò của các nền kinh tế hộ gia đình toàn cầu hóa vào lý thuyết chuyển tiếp rừng.
Từ khóa
#di cư lao động #thu nhập hộ gia đình #phục hồi rừng #nông nghiệp nhỏ #YucatánTài liệu tham khảo
Ackerman, F., Wise, T., Gallagher, K., Nye, L., and Flores, R. (2003). Free trade, corn, and the environment: environmental impacts of U.S.-Mexico corn trade under NAFTA, Global Development and Environment Institute, Working Paper No. 03-06, Tufts University.
Aguilera, M., and Massey, D. (2003). Social capital and the wages of Mexican migrants: new hypotheses and tests. Social Forces 82(2): 671–701.
Aide, T., and Grau, H. (2004). Globalization, migration, and Latin American ecosystems. Science 305(5692): 1915–1916.
Arreola, A., Delgadillo, R., and Garcia Gil, G. (2004). Diagnóstico de la Situación del Desarrollo en el Municipio Calakmul, Campeche. Proyecto Prosureste, GTZ/CONANP.
Banco de México (2005). Informe Anual 2004. México, DF.
Baptista, S., and Rudel, T. (2006). A re-emerging Atlantic forest? Urbanization, industrialization and the forest transition in Santa Catarina, southern Brazil. Environmental Conservation 3: 195–202.
Basok, T. (2000). Migration of Mexican seasonal farm workers to Canada and development: obstacles to productive investment. International Migration Review 34(1): 79–97.
Bates, D., and Rudel, T. (2000). The political ecology of conserving tropical rain forest: a cross-national analysis. Society & Natural Resources 13(7): 619–634.
Black, R. (1993). Migration, return, and agricultural development in the Sierra do Alvao, Northern Portugal. Economic Development and Cultural Change 41(3): 563–585.
Busch, C. (2006). Deforestation in the Southern Yucatán: recent trends, their causes, and policy implication. PhD dissertation, University of California, Berkeley, CA.
Canales, A. (2003). Mexican labour migration to the United States in the age of globalisation. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 29(4): 741–761.
Cohen, J. (2004). The culture of migration in Southern Mexico. University of Texas Press, Austin.
CONAPO (2001). Índices de Marginación, 2000. Consejo Nacional de Población, México, D.F.
Cornelius, W. (1992). The politics and economics of reforming the ejido sector in Mexico: an overview and research agenda. Lasa Forum 23(3): 3–10.
de Haan, A. (2005). Migration in the development studies literature: has it come out of marginality? Paper presented at the UNU-WIDER Jubilee Conference. Future of Development Economics, Helsinki, June.
de Janvry, A., Gordillo, G., and Sadoulet, E. (1997). Mexico’s second agrarian reform: household and community responses, 1990–1994. Center for U.S.-Mexican Studies, University of California, San Diego.
Delechat, C. (2001). International migration dynamics: the role of experience and social networks. Labour 15(3): 457–486.
Delgadillo Aguirre, A. (2005). Impacto de las organizaciones apícolas en el desarrollo de Calakmul, Campeche, México. MS tesis, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, México.
Delgado Wise, R. (2003). Critical dimensions of Mexico-U.S. migration under the aegis of neoliberal globalism. Paper presented at the CERLAC Conference. International Migration in the Americas: Emerging Issues, York University, 19–20 September.
Durand, J., Kandel, W., Parrado, E., and Massey, D. (1996). International migration and development in Mexican communities. Demography 33(2): 249–264.
Ewell, P., and Merrill-Sands, D. (1987). Milpa in Yucatán: a long-fallow maize system and its alternatives in the Maya peasant economy. In Turner, B. L. II, and Brush, S. (eds.), Comparative Farming Systems. The Guilford, New York, pp. 95–129.
Findley, S. (1997). Migration and family interactions in Africa. In Adepoju, A. (ed.), Family, population and development in Africa. Zed BooksLondonpp. 109–138.
Flores Guido, J. (1987). Uso de los Recursos Vegetales en la Península de Yucatán: Pasado, Presente y Futuro. INIREB, Xalapa.
Galletti, H. A. (1998). The Maya forest of Quintana Roo: thirteen years of conservation and community development. In Primack, R., Bray, D., Galletti, H., and Ponciano, I. (eds.), Timber, tourists and temples. Island, Washington, D.C., pp. 35–46.
Garcia-Barrios, R., and Garcia-Barrios, L. (1990). Environmental and technological degradation in peasant agriculture: a consequence of development in Mexico. World Development 18(11): 1569–1585.
Georges, E. (1990). The making of a transnational community: migration, development, and cultural change in the Dominican Republic. Columbia University Press, New York.
GLP (Global Land Project) (2005). Science plan and implementation strategy. IGBP Secretariat, Stockholm.
Goldring, L. (2004). Family and collective remittances to Mexico: a multi-dimensional typology. Development and Change 35(4): 799–840.
Grau, H., Aide, T., Zimmerman, J., Thomlinson, J., Helmer, E., and Zou, X. (2003). The ecological consequences of socioeconomic and land-use changes in postagriculture Puerto Rico. BioScience 53(12): 1159–1168.
Hecht, S. (2005). Soybeans, development and conservation on the Amazon frontier. Development and Change 36(2): 375–404.
Hecht, S., Kandel, S., Gomes, I., Cuellar, N., and Rosa, H. (2006). Globalization, forest resurgence, and environmental politics in El Salvador. World Development 34(2): 308–323.
INEGI (2001a). Censo General de Población y Vivienda, 2000. Resultados Definitivos. Datos por Localidad. Campeche. Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática, Aguascalientes.
INEGI (2001b). Censo General de Población y Vivienda, 2000. Resultados Definitivos. Datos por Localidad. Quintana Roo. Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática, Aguascalientes.
Jokisch, B. (2002). Migration and agricultural change: the case of smallholder agriculture in highland Ecuador. Human Ecology 30(4): 523–550.
Jokisch, B., and Lair, B. (2002). One last stand? Forests and change on Ecuador’s Eastern Cordillera. The Geographical Review 92(2): 235–256.
Keys, E. (2004). Commercial agriculture as creative destruction or destructive creation: a case study of chili cultivation and plant-pest disease in the southern Yucatán region. Land Degradation and Development 15(4): 397–409.
Keys, E. (2005). Exploring market-based development: market intermediaries and farmers in Calakmul, Mexico. Geographical Review 95(1): 24–47.
Klepeis, P. (2003). Development policies and tropical deforestation in the Southern Yucatán Peninsula: centralized and decentralized approaches. Land Degradation and Development 14(6): 541–561.
Klepeis, P., and Vance, C. (2003). Neoliberal policy and deforestation in Southeastern Mexico: an assessment of the PROCAMPO program. Economic Geography 79(3): 221–240.
Klepeis, P., Vance, C., Keys, E., Macario Mendoza, P., and Turner, B. L. II (2004). Subsistence sustained: swidden or milpa cultivation. In Turner, B. L. II, Geoghegan, J., and Forster, D. (eds.), Integrated land-change science and tropical deforestation in the Southern Yucatán: final frontiers. Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 189–207.
Klooster, D. (2003). Forest transitions in Mexico: institutions and forests in a globalized countryside. The Professional Geographer 55(2): 227–238.
Lawrence, D., Vester, H., Perez-Salicrup, D., Eastman, J., Turner, B. L. II, and Geoghegan, J. (2004). Integrated analysis of ecosystem interactions with land-use change: the southern Yucatán peninsular region. In DeFries, R., and Houghton, R. (eds.), Ecosystem interactions with land use change. American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C., pp. 277–292.
López, E., Bocco, G., Mendoza, M., Velázquez, A., and Auirre-Rivera, R. (2006). Peasant emigration and land-use change at the watershed level: a GIS-based approach in Central Mexico. Agricultural Systems 90: 62–78.
Massey, D., Goldring, L., and Durand, J. (1994). Continuities in transnational migration: an analysis of nineteen Mexican communities. American Journal of Sociology 99(6): 1492–1533.
Massey, D., Durand, J., and Malone, N. (2003). Beyond smoke and mirrors: Mexican immigration in an era of economic integration. Russell Sage Foundation, New York.
Mather, A. (1992). The forest transition. Area 24(4): 367–379.
Mather, A. (2004). Forest transition theory and the reforesting of Scotland. Scottish Geographical Journal 120(1+2): 83–98.
Mather, A., and Fairbairn, J. (2000). From floods to reforestation: the forest transition in Switzerland. Environment and History 6: 399–421.
Mather, A., and Needle, C. (1998). The forest transition: a theoretical basis. Area 30(2): 117–124.
Meyfroidt, P., and Lambin, E. (2007). The causes of the reforestation in Vietnam. Land Use Policy, in press.
Miller, K., Chang, E., and Johnson, N. (2001). Defining common ground for the Mesoamerican Biological Corridor. World Resources Institute, Washington, DC.
Mines, R., and de Janvry, A. (1982). Migration to the United States and Mexican rural development: a case study. American Journal of Agricultural Economics 64(3): 444–454.
Perz, S. (2007). Grand theory and context-specificity in the study of forest dynamics: forest transition theory and other directions. The Professional Geographer 59(1): 105–114.
Perz, S., and Skole, D. (2003). Secondary forest expansion in the Brazilian Amazon and the refinement of forest transition theory. Society & Natural Resources 16(4): 277–294.
Primack, R., Bray, D., Galletti, H., and Ponciano, I. (1998). Timber, tourists, and temples: conservation and development in the Maya Forests of Belize, Guatemala, and Mexico. Island, Washington, D.C.
Radel, C. (2005a). Women’s participation in conservation projects in the southern Yucatán peninsula: effects on land control, farming practices, and women’s empowerment. PhD dissertation, Clark University, Worcester, MA.
Radel, C. (2005b). Women’s community-based organizations, conservation projects, and effective land control in southern Mexico. Journal of Latin American Geography 4(2): 9–36.
Radel, C., and Schmook, B. (2008). Mexican male transnational migration and its linkages to land use change in a southern Campeche ejido. Journal of Latin American Geography 7(2): 59–83.
Reichert, J. (1981). The migrant syndrome: seasonal U.S. wage labor and rural development in Central Mexico. Human Organization 40(1): 56–66.
Rocheleau, D., Thomas-Slayter, B., and Wangari, E. (1996). Feminist political ecology: global issues and local experience. Routledge, New York.
Roy Chowdhury, R., and Turner, B. L. II (2006). Reconciling agency and structure in empirical analysis: smallholder land use in the Southern Yucatán, Mexico. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 96(2): 302–322.
Rozelle, S., Taylor, J., and DeBrauw, A. (1999). Migration, remittances, and agricultural productivity in China. American Economic Review 89(2): 287–291.
Rudel, T. (2005). Tropical forests: regional paths of destruction and regeneration in the late twentieth century. Columbia University Press, New York.
Rudel, T., Perez-Lugo, M., and Zichal, H. (2000). When fields revert to forest: development and spontaneous reforestation in post-war Puerto Rico. The Professional Geographer 52(3): 386–397.
Rudel, T., Bates, D., and Machinguiashi, R. (2002). A tropical forest transition? Agricultural change, out-migration, secondary forests in the Ecuadorian Amazon. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 92(1): 87–102.
Rudel, T., Coomes, O., Moran, E., Achard, F., Angelsen, A., Xu, J., and Lambin, E. (2005). Forest transitions: towards a global understanding of land use change. Global Environmental Change 15: 23–31.
Rueda, X. (2007). Landscapes in transition: land-cover change, conservation, and structural adjustment in the Southern Yucatán. PhD dissertation, Clark University, Worcester, MA.
SARH (Secretaría de Agricultura y Recursos Hidráulicos). (1993). PROCAMPO: Vamos al Grano para Progresar. Solidari-SARH, México, D.F.
Schmook, B., Protonotario, J., and Escalante, E. (1993). La Ganadería al Sur de Quintana Roo. Unpublished Report for the Government of Quintana Roo.
Schmook, B., Dickson, R., Vadjunec, J., Eastman and R. Sangermano, F. (in prep). A step-wise land cover classification of the tropical forests of the Southern Yucatán, Mexico.
Sloan, S. (2007). Fewer people may not mean more forest for Latin American forest frontiers. Biotropica 39(4): 443–446.
Stark, O., and Bloom, D. (1985). The new economics of labor migration. American Economic Review 75(2): 173–178.
Taylor, E. (1999). The new economics of labour migration and the role of remittances in the migration process. International Migration 37(1): 63–88.
Taylor, E., Arrango, J., Hugo, G., Kouaouci, A., Massey, D., and Pellegrino, A. (1996). International migration and community development. Population Index 62(3): 397–418.
Taylor, M., Moran-Taylor, M., and Rodman Ruiz, D. (2006). Land, ethnic, and gender change: transnational migration and its effects on Guatemalan lives and landscapes. Geoforum 37(1): 41–31.
Turner, B. L. II, Cortina Villar, S., Foster, D., Geoghegan, J., Keys, E., Klepeis, P., Lawrence, D., Macario Mendoza, P., Manson, S., Ogneva-Himmelberger, Y., Plotkin, A., Pérez Salicrup, D., Roy Chowdhury, R., Savitsky, B., Schneider, L., Schmook, B., and Vance, C. (2001). Deforestation in the Southern Yucatán Peninsular Region: an integrative approach. Forest Ecology and Management 154(3): 353–370.
Turner, B. L. II, Geoghegan, J., and Foster, D. (2004). Integrated land-change science and tropical deforestation in the Southern Yucatán: Final Frontiers. Oxford University Press, New York.
Vance, C. (2004). The semi-market and semi-subsistence household: the evidence and test of smallholder behavior. In Turner, B. L. II, Geoghegan, J., and Forster, D. (eds.), Integrated land-change science and tropical deforestation in the Southern Yucatán: Final Frontier. Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 221–246.
Vester, H., Lawrence, D., Eastman, J., Turner, B. L. II, Calmé, S., Dickson, R., Pozo, C., and Sangermano, F. (2007). Land change in the Southern Yucatán and Calakmul Biosphere Reserve: implications for habitat and biodiversity. Ecological Applications 17(4): 989–1003.
Zarate-Hoyos, G. (2004). Consumption and remittances in migrant households: towards a productive use of remittances. Contemporary Economic Policy 22(4): 555–565.