Intergenic region typing (IRT): A rapid molecular approach to the characterization and evolution of Leishmania

World Health Organization, 1990, Control of the Leishmaniasis, WHO Tech. Rep. Ser. 793

Grimaldi, 1993, Leishmaniases of the New World: Current concepts and implications for future research, Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 6, 230, 10.1128/CMR.6.3.230

Lainson, 1987, Evolution, classification and geographical distribution of Leishmania, 1

Thomaz-Soccol, 1993, Monophyletic origin of the genus Leishmania, Ann. Parasitol. Hum. Comp., 68, 107, 10.1051/parasite/1993682107

Cupolillo, 1994, A general classification of New World Leishmania using numerical zymotaxonomy, Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 50, 296, 10.4269/ajtmh.1994.50.296

Barker, 1989, Molecular approaches to DNA diagnosis, Parasitology, 99, S125, 10.1017/S0031182000083463

Smyth, 1992, Rapid and sensitive detection of Leishmania kinetoplat DNA from spleen and blood samples of kala-azar patients, Parasitology, 105, 183, 10.1017/S0031182000074096

Sturm, 1990, Kinetoplast DNA minicircles encode guide RNAs for editing of cytochrome oxidase subunit III mRNA, Cell, 61, 879, 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90198-N

Bhattacharyya, 1993, Application of polymerase chain reaction with specific and arbitrary primers to identification and differentiation of Leishmania parasites, FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 114, 99, 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1993.tb06557.x

Tibayrenc, 1993, Genetic characterization of parasitic protozoa: parity between random-primer DNA typing and multilocus enzyme electrophoresis, 90, 1335

Fernandes, 1994, Mini-exon gene variation in human pathogenic Leishmania species, Mol. Biochem. Parasitol., 66, 261, 10.1016/0166-6851(94)90153-8

Sogin, 1986, Evolutionary diversity of eukaryotic small-subunit rRNA genes, 83, 1383

Ramirez, 1987, The ribosomal gene spacer as a tool for taxonomy of Leishmania, Mol. Biochem. Parasitol., 22, 177, 10.1016/0166-6851(87)90048-X

Briones, 1992, Leishmania tarentolae taxonomic relatedness inferred from phylogenetic analysis of small subunit ribosomal RNA genes, Mol. Biochem. Parasitol., 53, 121, 10.1016/0166-6851(92)90014-B

Uliana, 1994, Discrimination amongst Leishmania by PCR amplification and hybridization with SSU rRNA-derived oligonucleotides, J. Eurk. Microbiol., 41, 324, 10.1111/j.1550-7408.1994.tb06085.x

Hernandez, 1990, Primary structure of Trypanosoma cruzi small subunit ribosomal RNA coding region: comparison with other trypanosomatids, Mol. Biochem. parasitol., 41, 207, 10.1016/0166-6851(90)90183-M

Fernandes, 1993, Evolution of nuclear ribosomal RNAs in kinetoplastid protozoa: Perspectives on the age and origins of parasitism, 90, 11608

Maslov, 1994, Evolution of RNA editing in kinetoplastid protozoa, Nature, 368, 345, 10.1038/368345a0

Landweber, 1994, Phylogenetic analysis of RNA editing: a primitive genetic phenomenon, 91, 918

Suzuku, 1986, Evolutionary implications of heterogenety of the nontranscribed spacer region of ribosomal repeating units in various sub-species of Mus musculus, Mol. Biol. Evol., 3, 126

Dover, 1982, The dynamics of genome evolution and species differentiation, 343

Collins, 1988, Comparasion of DNA probe and cytogenetic methods for identifying field collected Anopheles gambiae complex mosquitoes, Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 39, 545, 10.4269/ajtmh.1988.39.545

Dietrich, 1990, Restriction fragments polymorphisms in the ribosomal gene spacers of Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma conorhini, Mol. Biochem. Parasitol., 42, 13, 10.1016/0166-6851(90)90108-X

Dover, 1984, Molecular coevolution: DNA divergence and the maintenance of function, Cell, 38, 622, 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90255-1

Guevara, 1992, Identification of new world Leishmania using ribosomal gene spacer probes, Mol. Biochem. Parasitol., 56, 15, 10.1016/0166-6851(92)90150-I

Lee, 1992, Phylogeny of five fungus-like protoctistan Phytophthora species, inferred from the internal transcribed spacers of ribosomal DNA, Mol. Biol. Evol., 9, 636

Vossbrinck, 1993, Ribosomal DNA sequences of Encephalitozoon hellem and Encephalitozoon cuniculi: species identification and phylogenetic construction, J. Euk. Microbiol., 40, 354, 10.1111/j.1550-7408.1993.tb04928.x

Schlotterer, 1994, Comparative evolutionary analysis of rDNA ITS regions in Drosophila, Mol. Biol. Evol., 11, 513

Medina-Acosta, 1993, Rapid isolation of DNA from trypanosomatid protozoa using a simple ‘mini-prep’ procedure, Mol. Biochem. Parasitol., 59, 327, 10.1016/0166-6851(93)90231-L

Beverley, 1988, Characterization of the “unusual” mobility of large circular DNAs in pulsed field-gradient electrophoresis, Nucleic Acids Res., 16, 925, 10.1093/nar/16.3.925

Campbell, 1987, Precise identification of cleavage sites involved in the unusual processing of trypanosome ribosomal RNA, J. Mol. Biol., 196, 113, 10.1016/0022-2836(87)90514-6

Hernandez, 1983, An endonuclease restriction analysis of the ribosomal RNA genes of Trypanosma cruzi, Mol. Biochem. Parasitol., 8, 305, 10.1016/0166-6851(83)90077-4

Spencer, 1987, Multiple spacer sequences in the nuclear large subunit ribosomal RNA gene of Crithidia fasciculata, EMBO J., 6, 1063, 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1987.tb04859.x

Looker, 1988, Primary structure of the Leishmania donovani small subunit ribosomal RNA coding region, Nucleic Acids Res., 16, 7198, 10.1093/nar/16.14.7198

Sambrook, 1989

Nei, 1979, Mathematical model for studying genetic variation in terms of restriction endonucleases, 76, 5269

Kumar, 1993

Felinto de Brito, 1993, Human cutaneous leishmaniasis due to a new enzymatic variant of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis occuring in Pernambuco, Brazil, Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 88, 633, 10.1590/S0074-02761993000400024

Wilson, 1977, Biochemical Evolution, Annu. Rev. Biochem., 46, 573, 10.1146/annurev.bi.46.070177.003041

Galvan, 1991, Nucleotide sequence of six small-size molecules of Trypanosoma cruzi ribosomal RNA, Nucleic Acids Res., 19, 2496, 10.1093/nar/19.9.2496

White, 1990, Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics, 315