Interannual and Intraseasonal Variations of the Onset and Demise of the Pre-Wet Season and the Wet Season in the Northern Northeast Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Meteorologia - Tập 33 Số 3 - Trang 472-484
Francisco das Chagas Vasconcelos Júnior1, Charles Jones2, Adilson Wagner Gandú3
1Fundacao Cearense de Meteorologia e Recursos Hidricos, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
2Department of Geography and Earth Research Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
3Instituto de Ciencias do Mar, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil

Tóm tắt

Abstract The Northern Northeast Brazil (NNB) has two rainy periods, namely Pre-Wet Season (PWS) and Wet Season (WES), which are usually treated as one system. The precipitation pattern on NNB is influenced by sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean on interannual timescales particularly by the Interhemispheric Gradient of SST anomalies (IGS) and El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). On intraseasonal time scales, the MJO is especially important. This study investigates the variability of the PWS/WES. The PWS is largely associated with the development of the South America Monsoon System and South Atlantic Convergence Zone (SAMS/SACZ); the onset is depicted by incursion of the SAMS/SACZ northward. Anomalous atmospheric cyclonic circulation over the southeastern Brazil along with easterlies over the northern Tropical Atlantic marks the early onset of the PWS, while easterlies over the southern Tropical Atlantic are related to late onset episodes. The demise of the PWS is significantly associated with propagation of the MJO, specifically during phases 4-5 of the MJO lifecycle. A Rossby wave train in 200-hPa geopotential height with positive anomalies over central-southern Brazil is depicted during transition between PWS and WES.

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Revista Brasileira de Meteorologia

Tập 33 Số 3

472-484

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