Interactive Key for Third Instar Larvae of Neotropical Blow Flies (Insecta, Diptera, Calliphoridae): the Contribution of Computational Tools to Assist in Species Identification

Neotropical Entomology - Tập 52 - Trang 373-379 - 2022
Aline Marrara Prado1, André Gardelino Savino2, Patricia Jacqueline Thyssen1
1Lab of Integrative Entomology, Dept of Animal Biology, IB, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
2Forensic Police of São Paulo State, Technical-Scientific Police Superintendence, Jundiaí, Brazil

Tóm tắt

Calliphoridae (Insecta, Diptera), popularly known as blow flies or carrion flies, as most are necrophagous comprises one of the most relevant families of insects on forensics. Currently, more than 1500 blow fly species are known, the majority of which can be found in the Old World. In the Neotropics, it is estimated that there are approximately 20 species of forensic importance. In view of the taxonomic impediment associated with the identification of immatures, in this study, we present an interactive identification key for third instar larvae of necrophagous Calliphoridae species. This key includes 12 Neotropical blow fly species of forensic importance, more than 70 pictures, schemes, and definitions glossary and is free to access.

Tài liệu tham khảo

Adams ZJ, Hall MJ (2003) Methods used for the killing and preservation of blowfly larvae, and their effect on post-mortem larval length. Forensic Sci Int 138(1–3):50–61 Battán-Horenstein M, Linhares AX, Ferradas BR, García DD (2010) Decomposition and dipteran succession in pig carrion in central Argentina: ecological aspects and their importance in forensic science. Med Vet Entomol 24(1):16–25 Bittrich V, Souza CSD, Coelho RL, Martins MV, Hopkins MJ, Amaral MC (2012) An interactive key (Lucid) for the identifying of the genera of seed plants from the Ducke Reserve, Manaus, AM. Brazil Rodriguésia 63(1):055–064 Carvalho CJB, Ribeiro PB (2000) Chave de identificação das espécies de Calliphoridae (Diptera) do Sul do Brasil. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet 9(2):169–173 Carvalho CJB, Mello-Patiu CAD (2008) Key to the adults of the most common forensic species of Diptera in South America. Rev Bras Entomol 52(3):390–406 Carvalho LML, Thyssen PJ, Linhares AX, Palhares FAB (2000) A checklist of arthropods associated with pig carrion and human corpses in Southeastern Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 95(1):135–138 Carvalho LML, Thyssen PJ, Goff ML, Linhares AX (2004) Observations on the succession patterns of necrophagous insects onto a pig carcass in an urban area of Southeastern Brazil. Aggrawal’s Int J for Med Toxicol 5(1):33–39 Centeno N, Maldonado M, Oliva A (2002) Seasonal patterns of arthropods occurring on sheltered and unsheltered pig carcasses in Buenos Aires Province (Argentina). Forensic Sci Int 126(1):63–70 Corrêa RC, Caneparo MF, Vairo KP, Lara AGD, Moura MO (2019) What have we learned from the dead? A compilation of three years of cooperation between entomologists and crime scene investigators in Southern Brazil. Rev Bras Entomol 63:224–231 Courtney GW, Sinclair BJ, Meier R (2000) Morphology and terminology of Diptera larvae. In: Papp L, Darvas B (eds) Contributions to a Manual of Palaearctic Diptera (with Special Reference to Flies of Economic Importance), 1st edn. Science Herald Press, Boston, pp 85–1613 Courtney GW, Pape T, Skevington JH, Sinclair BJ (2017) Biodiversity of Diptera. In: Foottit RG, Adler PH (eds) Insect Biodiversity: Science and Society, 2nd edn. John Wiley & Sons Ltd., New Jersey, pp 229–278 Dallwitz MJ, Paine TA, Zurcher EJ (2000) Principles of interactive keys, https://www.delta-intkey.com/www/interactivekeys.pdf. Accessed 30 Mar 2022 Dear JP (1985) A revision of the new world Chrysomyini (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Rev Bras Zool 3:109–169 Edwards M, Morse DR (1995) The potential for computer-aided identification in biodiversity research. Trends Ecol Evol 10(4):153–158 Erzinçlioğlu YZ (1985) Immature stages of British Calliphora and Cynomya, with a re-evaluation of the taxonomic characters of larval Calliphoridae (Diptera). J Nat Hist 19(1):69–96 Ferrar P (1987) Calliphoridae. In: Ferrar P (ed) A guide to the breeding habits and immature stages of Diptera Cyclorrhapha, 3rd edn. Escandinavian Science Press Brill, Copenhagen, pp 217–225 Florez E, Wolff M (2009) Descripción y clave de los estadios inmaduros de las principales especies de Calliphoridae (Diptera) de importancia forense en Colombia. Neotrop Entomol 38(3):418–429 Godfray HC (2002) Challenges for taxonomy. Nature 417:17–19 Goharimanesh M, Stohr S, Mirshamsi O, Ghassemzadeh F, Adriaens D (2021) Interactive identification key to all brittle star families (Echinodermata; Ophiuroidea) leads to revised morphological descriptions. Eur J Taxon 766:1–63 González CR, Llanos L, Oses C, Elgueta M (2017) Calliphoridae de Chile: clave para los géneros y especies (Diptera: Oestroidea). An Inst Patagon 45(3):19–27 Greenberg B, Kunich JC (2002) Problems in estimating the time of death. In: Greenberg B, Kunich JC (eds) Entomology and the law: flies as forensic indicators, 1st edn. Cambridge University Press, New York, pp 154–167 Greenberg B, Szyska ML (1984) Immature stages and biology of fifteen species of Peruvian Calliphoridae (Diptera). Ann Entomol Soc Am 77(5):488–517 Grella MD, Thyssen PJ (2011) Chave taxonômica interativa para espécies de dípteros califorídeos (Infraordem: Muscomorpha) do Brasil. Version 1.0. http://keys.lucidcentral.org/keys/v3/calliphoridae_brazil. Accessed 20 April 2022 Grella MD, Savino AG, Paulo DF, Mendes FM, Azeredo-Espin AM, Queiroz MM, Thyssen PJ, Linhares AX (2015) Phenotypic polymorphism of Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) may lead to species misidentification. Acta Trop 141:60–72 Jacquemart AL, Lhoir P, Binard F, Descamps C (2016) An interactive multimedia dichotomous key for teaching plant identification. J Biol Educ 50(4):442–451 Kosmann C, Macedo MP, Barbosa TAF, Pujol-Luz JR (2011) Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann) and Hemilucilia segmentaria (Fabricius) (Diptera, Calliphoridae) used to estimate the postmortem interval in a forensic case in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Rev Bras Entomol 55:621–623 Kosmann C, Mello RP, Harterreiten-Souza E, Pujol-Luz JR (2013) A list of current valid blow fly names (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in the Americas South of Mexico with key to the Brazilian species. EntomoBrasilis 6(1):74–85 Madeira-Ott T, Marinho MA, Cordeiro J, Thyssen PJ (2019) First molecular phylogeny of Paralucilia Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1891 (Insecta, Diptera, Calliphoridae): a preliminary approach. Acta Trop 198:105096 Marinho MAT, Wolff M, Ramos-Pastrana Y, Azeredo-Espin AML, Amorim DDS (2017) The first phylogenetic study of Mesembrinellidae (Diptera: Oestroidea) based on molecular data: clades and congruence with morphological characters. Cladistics 33(2):134–152 Martinez E, Duque P, Wolff M (2007) Succession pattern of carrion-feeding insects in Paramo. Colombia Forensic Sci Int 166(2–3):182–189 Mathieu B, Cêtre-Sossah C, Garros C, Chavernac D, Balenghien T, Carpenter S, Setier-Rio ML, Vignes-Lebbe R, Ung V, Cando E, Delécolle JC (2012) Development and validation of IIKC: an interactive identification key for Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) females from the Western Palaearctic region. Parasit Vectors 5(1):1–11 Mello RP (2003) Chave para a identificação das formas adultas das espécies da família Calliphoridae (Diptera, Brachycera, Cyclorrhapha) encontradas no Brasil. Entomol Vectores 10:255–268 Pujol-Luz JR, Marques H, Ururahy-Rodrigues A, Rafael JA, Santana FHA, Arantes LC, Constantino R (2006) A forensic entomology case from the Amazon rain forest of Brazil. J for Sci 51(5):1151–1153 Ramos-Pastrana Y, Wolff M (2017) Postmortem interval estimation based on Chrysomya albiceps (Diptera, Calliphoridae) in a forensic case in the Andean Amazon, Caquetá, Colombia. Acta Amazon 47:369–374 Rocha DDA, Almeida MR, Batista JDS, Andrade AJ (2019) LutzoDex™ – a digital key for Brazilian sand flies (Diptera, Phlebotominae) within an Android app. Zootaxa 4688(3):382–388 Sánchez-Restrepo AF, Fagua G (2014) Análisis sucesional de Calliphoridae (Diptera) en cerdo doméstico en pastizales (Cogua, Cundinamarca, Colombia). Rev Col Entomol 40(2):190–197 Sanford MR, Whitworth TL, Phatak DR (2014) Human wound colonization by Lucilia eximia and Chrysomya rufifacies (Diptera: Calliphoridae): myiasis, perimortem, or postmortem colonization? J Med Entomol 51(3):716–719 Schneider SA, Fizdale MA, Normark BB (2019) An online interactive identification key to common pest species of Aspidiotini (Hemiptera, Coccomorpha, Diaspididae), version 1.0. ZooKeys 867:87 Segura NA, Bonilla MA, Usaquén W, Bello F (2011) Entomofauna resource distribution associated with pig cadavers in Bogotá DC. Med Vet Entomol 25(1):46–52 Shewell GE (1987) Calliphoridae. In: McAlpine JF, Peterson BV, Shewell GE, Teskey HJ, Vockeroth JR, Wood DM (eds) Manual of Nearctic Diptera, vol 2, 1st edn. Research Branch Agriculture Canada, Canada, Ottawa, pp 1133–1146 Staerkeby M (2001) Dead larvae of Cynomya mortuorum (L.) (Diptera, Calliphoridae) as indicators of the post-mortem interval – a case history from Norway. Forensic Sci Int 120:77–78 Souza CM, Lima CG, Alves-Jr MJ, Arrais-Silva WW, Giorgio S, Linhares AX, Thyssen PJ (2013) Standardization of histological procedures for the detection of toxic substances by immunohistochemistry in dipteran larvae of forensic importance. J Forensic Sci 58(4):1015–1021 Souza CM, Pape T, Thyssen PJ (2020) Oxysarcodexia Townsend, 1917 (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) — a centennial conspectus. Zootaxa 4841(1):1–126 Sukontason K, Methanitikorn R, Sukotason KL, Piangjai S, Olson JK (2004) Clearing technique to examine the cephalopharyngeal skeletons of blow fly larvae. J Vector Ecol 29(1):192–195 Szpila K, Hall MJR, Pape T, Grzywacz A (2013) Morphology and identification of first instars of the European and Mediterranean blowflies of forensic importance. Part II Luciliinae Med Vet Entomol 27(4):349–366 Thyssen PJ (2010) Keys for identification of immature insects. In: Amendt J, Goff ML, Campobasso CP, Grassberger M (eds) Current concepts in forensic entomology, 1st edn. Springer, London, pp 25–42 Thyssen PJ (2011) Entomologia Forense. In: Marcondes CB (ed) Entomologia Médica e Veterinária, 2nd edn. Atheneu, Rio de Janeiro, pp 129–137 Thyssen PJ, Nassu MP, Costella AMU, Costella ML (2012) Record of oral myiasis by Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae): case evidencing negligence in the treatment of incapable. Parasitol Res 111(2):957–959 Thyssen PJ, Linhares AX (2007) First description of the immature stages of Hemilucilia segmentaria (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Biol Res 40(3):271–280 Thyssen PJ, Aquino MFK, Purgato NCS, Martins E, Costa AA, Lima CGP, Dias CR (2018) Implications of entomological evidence during the investigation of five cases of violent death in Southern Brazil. J Forensic Sci Res 2:1–8 Vairo KP, Corrêa RC, Lecheta MC, Caneparo MF, Mise KM, Preti D, Carvalho CJB, Almeida LM, Moura MO (2015) Forensic use of a subtropical blowfly: the first case indicating minimum postmortem interval (mPMI) in southern Brazil and first record of Sarconesia chlorogaster from a human corpse. J Forensic Sci 60:S257–S260 Vasconcelos SD, Costa DL, Oliveira DL (2019) Entomological evidence in a case of a suicide victim by hanging: first collaboration between entomologists and forensic police in north-eastern Brazil. Aust J Forensic Sci 51(2):231–239 Whitworth T (2010) Keys to the genera and species of blow flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) of the West Indies and description of a new species of Lucilia Robineau-Desvoidy. Zootaxa 2663(1):1–35 Whitworth T, Rognes K (2012) Identification of Neotropical blow flies of the genus Calliphora Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Calliphoridae) with the description of a new species. Zootaxa 3209(1):1–27 Whitworth T (2014) A revision of the neotropical species of Lucilia Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Zootaxa 3810(1):1–76 Yan L, Pape T, Meusemann K, Kutty SN, Meier R, Bayless KM, Zhang D (2021) Monophyletic blowflies revealed by phylogenomics. BMC Biol 19(1):1–14