Integrated biomarker response: A useful tool for ecological risk assessment
Tóm tắt
A battery of biomarkers is often used to evaluate the effects of exposure to chemical contaminants and detect responses to environmental stress. Unfortunately, field application of biomarkers is subject to various constraints (e.g., the availability of living material) that can limit data acquisition and prevent the use of multivariate methods during statistical analysis. In these circumstances, a simple method is needed to summarize biomarker responses and simplify their interpretation in biomonitoring programs. The present study used star plots to display results for the panel of biomarkers used for each station and survey. Integrated biomarker response (IBR) was then computed as the star plot area. Star plots using IBR values instead of biomarker data make it possible to visualize between‐site and/or between‐survey differences for comparison with exposure conditions. This approach was applied to sites in the Baltic Sea and the Seine Estuary, English Channel. In both cases, IBR values were visually compared to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) or polychlorobiphenyls (PCB) levels measured in mussel or fish tissues. The IBR, as an indicator of environmental stress, appears to be a useful tool for scientists and managers in assessing ecological risk.
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Bayne BL, 1985, The Effects of Stress and Pollution on Marine Animals
Huggett JR, 1992, Biomarkers, Biochemical, Physiological, and Histological Markers and Anthropogenic Stress, 347
Livingstone DR, 1994, Recent developments in marine invertebrate organic xenobiotic metabolism, Toxicol Ecotoxicol News, 1, 88
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea, 2000, Working group on biological effects of contaminants. Marine habitat committee
Biological Effects Quality Assurance in Monitoring Programmes, 2000, BEQUALM newsletter
Narbonne JF, 1999, Scale of classification based on biochemical markers in mussels: Application to pollution monitoring in European coasts, Biomarkers, 6, 415, 10.1080/135475099230589
Marshall Adams S, 1999, Ecological risk assessment in a large river‐reservoir. 6. Bioindicators of fish population health, Environ Toxicol Chem, 18, 628
BurgeotT CachotJ VincentF LoizeauV BocquenéG CherelY TronczynskiY Pfhol LeskowiczA GodefroyD BessinettonC AbarnouA.1998.The flounder (Platichthys flesus) a target species used for the evaluation of biological effects of contaminants in the Seine Estuary.Proceedings 8th Annual Meeting of SETAC‐Europe. Bordeaux France April 14–18 p18.
Thompson S, 1999, Determination of polychlorinated biphenyls and chlorinated pesticides in environmental biological samples using focused microwave‐assisted extraction, Int J Environ Anal Chem, 75, 1
Di Guillio RT, Biomarkers: Research and Application in the Assessment of Environmental Health, 48
Salomon JC, 1987, Hydrodynamics of Estuaries, Vol 2—Estuarine Case Studies, 79
VonckW.1999.Effects of estuarine conditions on cadmium toxicity and osmoregulatory performance in fish. PhD thesis. Landbouw Wageningen University Wageningen The Netherlands.
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea.1999.Report of the working group on statistical aspects of environmental monitoring. ICES‐CM 1999/E:8 Ref. ACME. The Hague The Netherlands.