Intake, digestibility and rumen dynamics of neutral detergent fibre in cattle fed low-quality tropical forage and supplemented with nitrogen and/or starch

Allen, M.S., 1996. Physical constrains on voluntary intake of forages by ruminants. Journal of Animal Science, 74, 3063-3075.

Arroquy, J.I., Cochran, R.C., Nagaraja, T.G., Titgemeyer, E.C. and Johnson, D.E., 2005. Effect of types of non-fiber carbohydrate on in vitro forage fiber digestion of low-quality grass hay. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 120, 93–106.

Association of Official Analytical Chemistry (AOAC), 1990. Official methods of analysis. 15th ed (AOAC International, Arlington).

Casali, A.O., Detmann, E., Valadares Filho, S.C., Pereira, J.C., Henriques, L.T., Freitas, S.G. and Paulino, M.F., 2008. Influence of incubation time and particles size on indigestible compounds contents in cattle feeds and feces obtained by in situ procedures. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 37, 335–342.

Cecava, M. J., Merchen, N.R., Gay, L.C. and Berger, L.L., 1990. Composition of ruminal bacteria harvested from steers as influenced by dietary energy level, feeding frequency, and isolation techniques. Journal of Dairy Science, 73, 2480–2488.

Chase Jr., C.C. and Hibberd, C.A., 1987. Utilization of low quality native grass hay by beef cows fed increasing quantities of corn grain. Journal of Animal Science, 65, 557–566.

Chen, X.B. and Gomes, M.J., 1992. Estimation of microbial protein supply to sheep and cattle basid on urinary excretion of purine derivatives—an overview of the technical details, (Rowett Research Institute, Aberdeen).

Chizzotti, M.L., Valadares Filho, S.C., Valadares, R.F.D., Chizzotti, F.H.M., Campos, J.M.S., Marcondes, M.I. and Fonseca, M.A., 2006. Consumo, digestibilidade e excreção de uréia e derivados de purinas em novilhas de diferentes pesos. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 35, 1813–1821.

Costa, V.A.C., Detmann, E., Valadares Filho, S.C., Paulino, M.F., Henriques, L.T. and Mantovani, H.C., 2008. In vitro degradation of low-quality tropical forage neutral detergent fiber according to protein and (or) carbohydrates supplementation. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 37:494–503.

Detmann, E., Queiroz, A.C., Cecon, P.R., Zervoudakis, J.T., Paulino, M.F., Valadares Filho, S.C., Cabral, L.S. and Lana, R.P., 2003. Neutral detergent fiber intake by feedlot cattle. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 32, 1763–1777.

Detmann, E., Paulino, M.F., Cecon, P.R., Valadares Filho, S.C., Zervoudakis, J.T., Cabral, L.S., Leão, M.I., Lana, R.P. and Ponciano, N.J., 2005. Effects of feeding different protein levels of supplements to finishing cattle in pasture during the dry to rainy transition season on voluntary intake and passage of particles. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 34, 1371–1379.

Detmann, E., Paulino, M.F., Valadares Filho, S.C., 2008. Avaliação nutricional de alimentos ou de dietas? Uma abordagem conceitual. In: Proceedings of 6th Symposium on Beef Cattle Production (Departamento de Zootecnia-UFV, Viçosa, Brazil), 21–52.

Detmann, E., Paulino, M.F., Mantovani, H.C., Valadares Filho, S.C., Sampaio, C.B., Souza, M. A., Lazzarini, I. and Detmann, K.S.C., 2009. Parameterization of ruminal fibre degradation in low-quality tropical forage using Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Livestock Science, 126, 136–146.

Dixon, R.M. and Stockdale, C.R., 1999. Associative effects between forages and grains: consequences for feed utilization. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 50, 757–73.

Edwards, J.E., Huws, S.A., Kim, E.J., Lee, M.R.F., Kingston-Smith, A.H. and Scollan, N.D. 2008. Advances in microbial ecosystem concepts and their consequences for ruminant agriculture. Animal, 2, 653–660.

El-Shazly, K, Dehority, B.A. and Johnson, R.R., 1961. Effect of starch on the digestion of cellulose in vitro and in vivo by rumen microorganisms. Journal of Animal Science, 20, 268–273.

Ellis, W.C., Matis, J.H., Hill, T.M. and Murphy, M.R., 1994. Methodology for estimating digestion and passage kinetics of forages. In: Fahey Jr., G.C. (Ed.) Forage quality, evaluation, and utilization. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, 682–756.

Hall, M.B., 2000. Neutral detergent-soluble carbohydrates. Nutritional relevance and analysis, (University of Florida, Gainesville).

Lazzarini, I., Detmann, E., Sampaio, C.B., Paulino, M.F., Valadares Filho, S.C., Souza, M.A. and Oliveira, F.A., 2009a. Dinâmicas de trânsito e degradação da fibra em detergente neutro em bovinos alimentados com forragem tropical de baixa qualidade e compostos nitrogenados. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, 61, 635–647.

Lazzarini, I., Detmann, E., Sampaio, C.B., Paulino, M.F., Valadares Filho, S.C., Souza, M.A. and Oliveira, F.A., 2009b. Intake and digestibility in cattle fed low-quality tropical forage and supplemented with nitrogenous compounds. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 38, 2021–2030.

Licitra, G., Hernandez, T.M. and Van Soest, P.J., 1996. Standardization of procedures for nitrogen fractionation of ruminant feeds. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 57, 347–358.

Mertens, D.R., 2002. Gravimetric determination of amylase-treated neutral detergent fiber in feeds with refluxing in beakers or crucibles: collaborative study. Journal of AOAC International, 85, 1217–1240.

Mlay, P.S., Pereka, A.E., Balthazary, S., Phiri, E.J.C., Madsen, J., Hvelpund, T. and Weisbjerg, M.R., 2007. In situ degradation of poor quality hay in the rumen of mature heifers as influenced by sugar, starch and nitrogen supplements and an ionic feed additive. Tanzania Veterinary Journal, 24, 23–37.

Mould, F.L., Ørskov, E.R. and Mann, S.O., 1983. Associative effects of mixed feeds. I. Effects of type and level of supplementation and the influence of the rumen fluid pH on cellulolysis in vivo and dry matter digestion of various roughages. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 10, 15–25.

NRC, 2001. Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle. 7 ed. (National Research Council, Washington, Academic Press).

Ørskov, E.R. and McDonald, I., 1979. The estimation of protein degradability in the rumen from incubation measurements of feed weighted according to rate of passage. Journal of Agricultural Science, 92, 499–503.

Ortiz-Rubio, M.A., Ørskov, E.R., Milne, J. and Galina, H.M.A., 2007. Effect of different sources of nitrogen on in situ degradability and feed intake of Zebu cattle fed sugarcane tops (Saccharum officinarum). Animal Feed Science and Technology, 139, 143–158.

Paulino, M.F., Detmann, E., Valente, E.E. and Barros, L.V., 2008. Nutrição de bovinos em pastejo. In: Proceedings of 4rd Symposium on Strategic Management of Pasture (Departamento de Zootecnia-UFV, Viçosa, Brazil), 131–169.

Regazzi, A.J., 2003. Teste para verificar a igualdade de parâmetros e a identidade de modelos de regressão não-linear. Ceres, 50, 9–26.

Russell, J.B., 2002. Rumen microbiology and its role in ruminant nutrition, (James B. Russell, Ithaca).

Russell, J.B., Muck, R.E. and Weimer, P.J., 2009. Quantitative aspects of cellulose degradation and growth of cellulolytic bacteria in the rumen. FEMS Microbiological Ecology, 67, 183–197.

Sampaio, C.B., Detmann, E., Lazzarini, I., Souza, M.A., Paulino, M.F. and Valadares Filho, S.C. 2009. Rumen dynamics of neutral detergent fiber in cattle fed low-quality tropical forage and supplemented with nitrogenous compounds. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 38, 560–569.

Sampaio, C.B., Detmann, E., Paulino, M.F., Valadares Filho, S.C., Souza, M.A., Lazzarini, I. and Paulino, P.V.R., 2010. Intake and digestibility in cattle fed low-quality tropical forage and supplemented with nitrogenous compounds. Tropical Animal Health and Production, doi: 10.1007/s11250-010-9581-7 , 2010.

SAS Institute, 1989. SAS/STAT user’s guide. 4 ed. (SAS Institute, Cary).

Schroeder, G.F. and Titgemeyer, E.C., 2008. Interaction between protein and energy supply on protein utilization in growing cattle: a review. Livestock Science, 114, 1–10.

Simko, M., Bíro, D., Jurácek, M., Gálik, B., Golecky, J. and Dugátová, Z, 2007. Nutrients digestibility of diets with different starch to fiber ratios when fed to young bulls. Acta Fytotechnica et Zootechnica, 2, 47–49.

Udén, P., Colucci, P.E. and Van Soest, P.J., 1980. Investigation of chromium, cerium and cobalt as markers in digesta. Rate of passage studies. Journal of Science and Food Agriculture, 31, 625–632.

Ushida, K., Lassalas, B. and Jouany, J.P., 1985. Determination of assay parameters for RNA analysis in bacterial and duodenal samples by spectrophotometry. Influence of treatment and preservation. Reproduction Nutrition Development, 25, 1037–1046.

Valadares Filho, S.C., Pina, D.S., Chizzotti, M.L., Valadares, R.F.D., Leão, M.I. and Campos, J.M.S., 2006. Degradação ruminal da proteína dos alimentos e síntese de proteína microbiana. In: Valadares Filho, S.C.; Paulino, P.V.R. and Magalhães, K.A. (Eds.), Exigências nutricionais de zebuínos e tabelas de composição de alimentos (Departamento de Zootecnia-UFV, Viçosa, Brazil), 13–44.

Van Soest, P.J., 1994. Nutritional ecology of the ruminant. 2 ed. (Cornell University Press, Ithaca).

Van Soest, P.J. and Robertson, J.B., 1985. Analysis of forages and fibrous foods, (Cornell University, Ithaca).

Verbic, J., Chen, X.B., MacLeod, N.A. and Ørskov, E.R., 1990. Excretion of purine derivatives by ruminants. Effect of microbial nucleic acid infusion on purine derivative excretion by steers. Journal of Agricultural Science, 114, 243–248.

Waldo, D.R., Smith, L.W. and Cox, E.L., 1972. Model of cellulose disappearance from the rumen. Journal of Dairy Science, 55, 125–129.

Wickersham, T.A., Titgemeyer, E.C., Cochran, R.C., Wickersham, E.E. and Gnad, D.P., 2008. Effect of rumen degradable protein supplementation on urea kinetics and microbial use of recycled urea in steers consuming low-quality forage. Journal of Animal Science, 86, 3079–3088.

Willians, C.H., David, D.J. and Iisma, O., 1962. The determination of chromic oxide in faeces samples by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Journal of Agricultural Science, 59, 381–385.