Injury and Repair of Tendons and Ligaments

Almekinders, 1999, The effects of aging, antiinflammatory drugs, and ultrasound on the in vitro response of tendon tissue, Am J Sports Med, 27, 417, 10.1177/03635465990270040301 Amiel, 1995, Autogenous intrasynovial and extrasynovial tendon grafts: An experimental study of pro alpha 1(1) collagen mRNA expression in dogs, J Orthop Res, 13, 459, 10.1002/jor.1100130321 Amiel, 1989, Injury of the anterior cruciate ligament: The role of collagenase in ligament degeneration, J Orthop Res, 7, 486, 10.1002/jor.1100070405 Amiel, 1991, Agerelated properties of medial collateral ligament and anterior cruciate ligament: A morphologic and collagen maturation study in the rabbit, J Gerontol, 46, B159, 10.1093/geronj/46.4.B159 Astrom, 1995, Chronic achilles tendinopathy: A survey of surgical and histopathologic findings, Clin Orthop, 316, 151, 10.1097/00003086-199507000-00021 Backman, 1990, Chronic achilles paratenonitis with tendinosis: An experimental model in the rabbit, J Orthop Res, 8, 541, 10.1002/jor.1100080410 Berenson, 1996, Proteoglycans of human rotator cuff tendons, J Orthop Res, 14, 518, 10.1002/jor.1100140404 Beynnon, 1996, Anterior cruciate ligament injury rehabilitation in athletes. Biomechanical considerations, Sports Med, 22, 54, 10.2165/00007256-199622010-00005 Beynnon, 1997, The effect of functional knee bracing on the anterior cruciate ligament in the weightbearing and nonweightbearing knee, Am J Sports Med, 25, 353, 10.1177/036354659702500314 Birch, 1997, The effect of exercise-induced localised hyperthermia on tendon cell survival, J Exp Biol, 200, 1703, 10.1242/jeb.200.11.1703 Boorman, 1998, Immobilization increases the vulnerability of rabbit medial collateral ligament autografts to creep, J Orthop Res, 16, 682, 10.1002/jor.1100160609 Carpenter, 1998, Rotator cuff defect healing: A biomechanical and histologic analysis in an animal model, J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 7, 599, 10.1016/S1058-2746(98)90007-6 Carter, 1997, Joint position sense and rehabilitation in the anterior cruciate ligament deficient knee [published erratum appears in Br J Sports Med 31:356, 1997], Br J Sports Med, 31, 209, 10.1136/bjsm.31.3.209 el Hawary, 1997, Rehabilitation of tendon injuries in sport, Sports Med, 24, 347, 10.2165/00007256-199724050-00006 Fitzgerald, 1997, Open versus closed kinetic chain exercise: Issues in rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstructive surgery, Phys Ther, 77, 1747, 10.1093/ptj/77.12.1747 Gartner, 1990, Analysis of calcific deposits in calcifying tendinitis, Clin Orthop, 254, 111, 10.1097/00003086-199005000-00017 Good, 1999, Joint position sense is not changed after acute disruption of the anterior cruciate ligament, Acta Orthop Scand, 70, 194, 10.3109/17453679909011261 Gum, 1997, Combined ultrasound, electrical stimulation, and laser promote collagen synthesis with moderate changes in tendon biomechanics, Am J Phys Med Rehabil, 76, 288, 10.1097/00002060-199707000-00007 Hamada, 1997, Intrinsic healing capacity and tearing process of torn supraspinatus tendons: In situ hybridization study of alpha 1 (I) procollagen mRNA, J Orthop Res, 15, 24, 10.1002/jor.1100150105 Hannafin, 1995, Effect of stress deprivation and cyclic tensile loading on the material and morphologic properties of canine flexor digitorum profundus tendon: An in vitro study, J Orthop Res, 13, 907, 10.1002/jor.1100130615 Hildebrand, 1998, Scar formation and ligament healing, Can J Surg, 41, 425 Holme, 1999, The effect of supervised rehabilitation on strength, postural sway, position sense and reinjury risk after acute ankle ligament sprain, Scand J Med Sei Sports, 9, 104, 10.1111/j.1600-0838.1999.tb00217.x Kenamond, 1998, Cyclic strain activates tendon cells and primes them for a second mechano-stimulus to increase intracellular calcium, Transactions of the Orthopaedic Research Society, 23, 92 Kurtz, 1999, Insulinlike growth factor I accelerates functional recovery from achilles tendon injury in a rat model, Am J Sports Med, 27, 363, 10.1177/03635465990270031701 Leadbetter, 1992, Cellmatrix response in tendon injury, Clin Sports Med, 11, 533, 10.1016/S0278-5919(20)30507-X Letson, 1994, The effect of combinations of growth factors on ligament healing, Clin Orthop, 308, 207, 10.1097/00003086-199411000-00030 Litke, 1994, Effects of different levels of direct current on early ligament healing in a rat model, J Orthop Res, 12, 683, 10.1002/jor.1100120511 Lou, 1997, In vivo gene transfer and overexpression of focal adhesion kinase (ppl25 FAK) mediated by recombinant adenovirus-induced tendon adhesion formation and epitenon cell change, J Orthop Res, 15, 911, 10.1002/jor.1100150618 Lou, 1996, Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer into tendon and tendon sheath, J Orthop Res, 14, 513, 10.1002/jor.1100140403 Lutz, 1993, Comparison of tibiofemoral joint forces during open-kinetic-chain and closed-kineticchain exercises, J Bone Joint Surg Am, 75, 732, 10.2106/00004623-199305000-00014 Maffulli, 1998, Overuse tendon conditions: Time to change a confusing terminology, Arthroscopy, 14, 840, 10.1016/S0749-8063(98)70021-0 Murrell, 1997, Modulation of tendon healing by nitric oxide, Inflamm Res, 46, 19, 10.1007/s000110050027 Nakamura, 1998, Early biological effect of in vivo gene transfer of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-B into healing patellar ligament, Gene Ther, 5, 1165, 10.1038/sj.gt.3300712 Newton, 1995, Immobilization of the knee joint alters the mechanical and ultrastructural properties of the rabbit anterior cruciate ligament, J Orthop Res, 13, 191, 10.1002/jor.1100130207 Ohno, 1993, Effects of complete stress-shielding on the mechanical properties and histology of in situ frozen patellar tendon, J Orthop Res, 11, 592, 10.1002/jor.1100110414 Riley, 1996, Tenascin-C and human tendon degeneration, Am J Pathol, 149, 933 Rodeo, 1993, Tendon-healing in a bone tunnel. A biomechanical and histological study in the dog, J Bone Joint Surg Am, 75, 1795, 10.2106/00004623-199312000-00009 Rodeo, 1999, Use of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 to enhance tendon healing in a bone tunnel, Am J Sports Med, 27, 476, 10.1177/03635465990270041201 Sano, 1997, Degeneration at the insertion weakens the tensile strength of the supraspinatus tendon: A comparative mechanical and histologic study of the bonetendon complex, J Orthop Res, 15, 719, 10.1002/jor.1100150514 Scranton, 1992, Mucoid degeneration of the patellar ligament in athletes, J Bone Joint Surg Am, 74, 435, 10.2106/00004623-199274030-00016 Shadwick, 1990, Elastic energy storage in tendons: Mechanical differences related to function and age, J Appl Physiol, 68, 1033, 10.1152/jappl.1990.68.3.1033 Shelbourne, 1999, Evaluation of knee stability before and after participation in a functional sports agility program during rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, Am J Sports Med, 27, 156, 10.1177/03635465990270020701 Solchaga, 1999, Hyaluronic acidbased polymers as cell carriers for tissueengineered repair of bone and cartilage, J Orthop Res, 17, 205, 10.1002/jor.1100170209 Taylor, 1993, Experimental muscle strain injury. Early functional and structural deficits and the increased risk for reinjury, Am J Sports Med, 21, 190, 10.1177/036354659302100205 Vailas, 1985, Patellar tendon matrix changes associated with aging and voluntary exercise, J Appl Physiol, 58, 1572, 10.1152/jappl.1985.58.5.1572 Waggett, 1998, Characterization of collagens and proteoglycans at the insertion of the human Achilles tendon, Matrix Biol, 16, 457, 10.1016/S0945-053X(98)90017-8 Walsh, 1992, 277 Walsh, 1993, Knee immobilization inhibits biomechanical maturation of the rabbit medial collateral ligament, Clin Orthop, 297, 253, 10.1097/00003086-199312000-00042 Wolfman, 1997, Ectopic induction of tendon and ligament in rats by growth and differentiation factors 5, 6, and 7, members of the TGF-beta gene family, J Clin Invest, 100, 321, 10.1172/JCI119537 Woo, 1987, The biomechanical and morphological changes in the medial collateral ligament of the rabbit after immobilization and remobilization, J Bone Joint Surg Am, 69, 1200, 10.2106/00004623-198769080-00014 Woo, 1991, Tensile properties of the human femuranterior cruciate ligamenttibia complex: The effects of specimen age and orientation, Am J Sports Med, 19, 217, 10.1177/036354659101900303