Inhaled Tobramycin in Non—Cystic Fibrosis Patients with Bronchiectasis and Chronic Bronchial Infection withPseudomonas Aeruginosa

Annals of Pharmacotherapy - Tập 39 Số 1 - Trang 39-44 - 2005
M Estrella Drobnic1, Pilar Suñé2, José Bruno Montoro Ronsano3, Adelaida Ferrer4, Ramón Orriols5
1M Estrella Drobnic MD, Pneumologist, Pneumology Service, Department of Medicine, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
2Pilar Suñé PharmD, Clinical Pharmacist, Pharmacy Service, Hospital Vall d'Hebron
3J Bruno Montoro PhD, Clinical Pharmacist, Pharmacy Service, Hospital Vall d'Hebron
4Adelaida Ferrer MD, Microbiologist, Microbiology Service, Hospital Vall d'Hebron
5Ramon Orriols MD, Pneumologist, Pneumology Service, Hospital Vall d'Hebron

Tóm tắt

BACKGROUND:Non—cystic fibrosis (CF) patients with bronchiectasis usually develop chronic bronchial infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) that is related to worsening lung function and increased morbidity and mortality.OBJECTIVE:To determine whether direct aerosol delivery of tobramycin to the lower airways may control infection and produce only low systemic toxicity.METHODS:A double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial involving 30 patients was conducted to determine the clinical effectiveness and safety of 6-month tobramycin inhalation therapy. Patients received 300 mg of aerosolized tobramycin or placebo twice daily in 2 cycles, each for 6 months, with a one-month washout period. The number of exacerbations, number of hospital admissions, number of hospital admission days, antibiotic use, pulmonary function, quality of life, tobramycin toxicity, density of PA in sputum, emergence of bacterial resistance, and emergence of other opportunistic bacteria were recorded.RESULTS:The number of admissions and days of admission (mean ± SD) during the tobramycin period (0.15 ± 0.37 and 2.05 ± 5.03) were lower than those during the placebo period (0.75 ± 1.16 and 12.65 ± 21.8) (p < 0.047). A decrease in PA density in sputum was associated with tobramycin administration in the analysis of the first 6-month cycle (p = 0.038). No significant differences were observed in the number of exacerbations, antibiotic use, pulmonary function, and quality of life. The emergence of bacterial resistance and other bacteria did not differ between the 2 periods of study. Inhaled tobramycin was associated with bronchospasm in 3 patients, but not with detectable ototoxicity or nephrotoxicity.CONCLUSIONS:Aerosol administration of high-dose tobramycin in non-CF bronchiectatic patients for endobronchial infection with PA appears to be safe and decreases the risk of hospitalization and PA density in sputum. Nevertheless, pulmonary function and quality of life are not improved, and the risk of bronchospasm is appreciable.

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Annals of Pharmacotherapy

Tập 39 Số 1

39-44

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