Influence of water-organic solvent composition on composition and structure of Pt/C and Pt x Ni/C electrocatalysts in borohydride synthesis
Tóm tắt
Nanostructured Pt/C and Pt
x
Ni/C materials containing from 4 to 30 wt % Pt were prepared using the method of chemical reduction of platinum and nickel compounds in the liquid phase by sodium borohydride solution. The change in the nature of the organic component (ethylene glycol, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl formamide, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, ethyl alcohol, and glycerin) of binary water-organic solvent influences considerably the reaction product yield, structural characteristics (average nanoparticle size) of the material, mass fraction of metals in the nanocomposite, and the PtNi alloy composition. The fundamental possibility of controlling the PtNi alloy composition and structural characteristics of Pt/C and Pt
x
-Ni/C nanocomposites by variation of the water-organic solvent composition was demonstrated. The minimum average size of nanoparticles in synthesized metal-carbon materials promising as electrocatalysts in low-temperature fuel cells was 2 nm for Pt/C (for about 20 wt % Pt) and 1.8 nm for Pt2Ni (for about 30 wt % Pt).
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