Influence of urea on polarization property and mechanical properties of polyvinyl alcohol films for the polarizers
Tóm tắt
Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is an ideal material for preparing the polarizing film because of its excellent transparency and dying properties. In the present work, urea was used to act as a PVA plasticizer to modify the crystallization behavior by controlling the intensity of the intermolecular hydrogen bond. The results had shown that the incorporation of the plasticizer decreased the crystallinity and the melting point of PVA. The mechanical property such as elongation had greatly improved to 383.23
$$\pm$$
20.31% at 3wt% of the Urea. The FTIR absorption peaks of Urea-modified PVA film stain samples were the same as those of PVA film stain samples. The morphology analysis was carried by SEM and element mapping which indicated that except for the surface, urea was uniformly dispersed in the PVA matrix. From the DSC, Raman, and XRD test, the decrease of crystallinity after the addition of urea was conducive to the absorption of iodine and the formation of a polyvinyl alcohol-iodine complex. The intensity of absorption peak in the Raman spectrum increased, and the polarization performance of the films was improved.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Moritani T, Yamauchi J (1998) Functional modification of poly(vinyl alcohol) by copolymerization: II Modification with a sulfonate monomer. Polymer 39(3):553–557. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0032-3861(97)00262-0
Krumova M, López D, Benavente R, Mijangos C, Pereña JM (2000) Effect of crosslinking on the mechanical and thermal properties of poly(vinyl alcohol). Polymer 41(26):9265–9272. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0032-3861(00)00287-1
Wang R, Wang Q, Li L (2003) Evaporation behaviour of water and its plasticizing effect in modified poly(vinyl alcohol) systems. Polym Int 52(12):1820–1826. https://doi.org/10.1002/pi.1385
Dai H, Wang J, Liu N (2019) Preparation and properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) films using carbohydrates as plasticizers. J Vinyl Add Tech 25(S1):E181–E187. https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.21679
Yoon S-D, Chough S-H, Park H-R (2007) Preparation of resistant starch/poly(vinyl alcohol) blend films with added plasticizer and crosslinking agents. J Appl Polym Sci 106(4):2485–2493. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.26755
Lin C-A, Ku T-H (2008) Shear and elongational flow properties of thermoplastic polyvinyl alcohol melts with different plasticizer contents and degrees of polymerization. J Mater Process Technol 200(1):331–338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.08.057
Hulleman SHD, Janssen FHP, Feil H (1998) The role of water during plasticization of native starches. Polymer 39(10):2043–2048. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0032-3861(97)00301-7
Tudorachi N, Cascaval CN, Rusu M, Pruteanu M (2000) Testing of polyvinyl alcohol and starch mixtures as biodegradable polymeric materials. Polym Test 19(7):785–799. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0142-9418(99)00049-5
Yun Y-H, Na Y-H, Yoon S-D (2006) Mechanical Properties with the Functional Group of Additives for Starch/PVA Blend Film. J Polym Environ 14(1):71–78. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-005-8709-8
Sakellariou P, Hassan A, Rowe RC (1993) Plasticization of aqueous poly(vinyl alcohol) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose with polyethylene glycols and glycerol. Eur Polym J 29(7):937–943. https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-3057(93)90289-R
Li L, Chen N, Wang Q (2010) Effect of poly(ethylene oxide) on the structure and properties of poly(vinyl alcohol). J Polym Sci, Part B: Polym Phys 48(18):1946–1954. https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.22070
Jang J, Lee DK (2003) Plasticizer effect on the melting and crystallization behavior of polyvinyl alcohol. Polymer 44(26):8139–8146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2003.10.015
Mohsin M, Hossin A, Haik Y (2011) Thermal and mechanical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) plasticized with glycerol. J Appl Polym Sci 122(5):3102–3109. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.34229
Allam M, Ayesh AI, Mohsin MA, Haik Y (2013) Physical properties of PVA doped with algal glycerol. J Appl Polym Sci 130(6):4482–4489. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.39715
Jiang X, Tan B, Zhang X, Ye D, Dai H, Zhang X (2012) Studies on the properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) film plasticized by urea/ethanolamine mixture. J Appl Polym Sci 125(1):697–703. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.34957
Wang FC-Y (2000) Polymer additive analysis by pyrolysis–gas chromatography: I. Plasticizers J Chromatogr A 883(1):199–210. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)00346-0
Lyoo WS, Yeum JH, Park JM, Kwak JW, Kim JH, Kim SS, Ji BC, Noh SK (2005) Role of molecular weight of atactic poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) in the polarizing efficiency of PVA/azo dye complex film with high durability. J Appl Polym Sci 96(4):967–974. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.20642
Han MH, Lyoo WS (2010) Preparation of syndiotacticity-rich high molecular weight poly(vinyl alcohol)/iodine polarizing film with high water resistance. J Appl Polym Sci 115(2):917–922. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.31192
Holland BJ, Hay JN (2002) The thermal degradation of poly(vinyl acetate) measured by thermal analysis–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Polymer 43(8):2207–2211. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0032-3861(02)00038-1
Mitić Ž, Cakić M, Nikolić G (2010) Fourier-Transform IR spectroscopic investigations of Cobalt(II)–dextran complexes by using D 2O isotopic exchange. Spectroscopy 24:269–275. https://doi.org/10.3233/SPE-2010-0467
Takamiya H, Tanahashi Y, Matsuyama T, Tanigami T, Yamaura K, Matsuzawa S (1993) On the poly(vinyl alcohol)–iodine complexes. J Appl Polym Sci 50(10):1807–1813. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.1993.070501017
Ni F, Wang GC, Zhao HB (2017) Fabrication of water-soluble poly(vinylalcohol)-based composites with improved thermal behavior for potential three-dimensional printing application. J Appl Polym Sci 134(24). https://doi.org/10.1002/app.44966
Ricciardi R, Auriemma F, De Rosa C, Lauprêtre F (2004) X-ray Diffraction Analysis of Poly(vinyl alcohol) Hydrogels, Obtained by Freezing and Thawing Techniques. Macromolecules 37(5):1921–1927. https://doi.org/10.1021/ma035663q
Mansur HS, Oréfice RL, Mansur AAP (2004) Characterization of poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels and PVA-derived hybrids by small-angle X-ray scattering and FTIR spectroscopy. Polymer 45(21):7193–7202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2004.08.036
Zhang H, Wang Q, Li L (2009) Dehydration of water-plasticized poly(vinyl alcohol) systems: particular behavior of isothermal mass transfer. Polym Int 58(1):97–104. https://doi.org/10.1002/pi.2498