Influence of Mediterranean diet on asthma in children: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Pediatric Allergy and Immunology - Tập 24 Số 4 - Trang 330-338 - 2013
Luis García‐Marcos1, José A. Castro-Rodrı́guez2, Gudrun Weinmayr3, D. Panagiotakos4, Kostas Ν. Priftis5, Gabriele Nagel3
1Pediatric Respiratory and Allergy Units ‘Virgen de la Arrixaca’ University Children's Hospital University of Murcia Murcia Spain
2School of Medicine; Pontificia Universidad Catolica of Chile; Santiago; Chile
3Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
4Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University in Athens, Athens, Greece
5Third Department of Pediatrics; Attikon Hospital; University of Athens Medical School; Athens; Greece

Tóm tắt

AbstractBackgroundThere is epidemiological evidence that Mediterranean diet exposure is associated with lower asthma prevalence in children. We aimed to summarize the available data and to know whether the Mediterranean setting modifies this association.MethodsThe literature search, up to May 2012, was on epidemiological studies in the general population of children assessing whether adherence to Mediterranean diet (measured as a score) was associated with the prevalence of ‘current wheeze’; ‘current severe wheeze’; or ‘asthma ever’. Odds ratios (OR) of the eight included studies compared the highest tertile of the score with the lowest. Random‐effects meta‐analyses for the whole group of studies and stratified by Mediterranean setting (centers <100 Km from the Mediterranean coast) were performed. Differences between strata were assessed using the Q test.ResultsFor ‘current wheeze’, there was a negative significant association with the highest tertile of Mediterranean diet score (OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.75–0.98; p = 0.02), driven by Mediterranean centers (0.79, 0.66–0.94, p = 0.009), although the difference with the non‐Mediterranean centers (0.91, 0.78–1.05, p = 0.18) was not significant. The results for ‘current severe wheeze’ were as follows: 0.82, 0.55–1.22, p = 0.330 (all); 0.66, 0.48–0.90, p = 0.008 (Mediterranean); and 0.99, 0.79–1.25, p = 0.95 (non‐Mediterranean); with the difference between regions being significant. For ‘asthma ever’, the associations were as follows: 0.86, 0.78–0.95, p = 0.004 (all); 0.86, 0.74–1.01, p = 0.06 (Mediterranean); 0.86, 0.75–0.98; p = 0.027 (non‐Mediterranean); with the difference between regions being negligible.ConclusionsAdherence to the Mediterranean diet tended to be associated with lower occurrence of the three respiratory outcomes. For current and current severe wheeze, the association was mainly driven by the results in Mediterranean populations.

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Pediatric Allergy and Immunology

Tập 24 Số 4

330-338

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