Influence of hardpan layers on arsenic mobility in historical gold mine tailings
Tóm tắt
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Alakangas, 2006, Formation and composition of cemented layers in low-sulphide mine tailings, Laver, northern Sweden, Environ. Geol., 50, 809, 10.1007/s00254-006-0253-x
Alpers, 1994, Secondary minerals and acid mine–water chemistry, vol. 22, 247
Ball, J.W., Nordstrom, D.K., 1991. User’s Manual for WATEQ4F, with Revised Thermodynamic Data Base and Test Cases for Calculating Speciation of Major, Trace and Redox Elements in Natural Waters. US Geol. Surv. Open-File Rep. 91-183.
Bence, 1968, Empirical correction factor for the electron microanalysis of silicates and oxides, J. Geol., 76, 382, 10.1086/627339
Blowes, 1991, The formation and potential importance of cemented layers in inactive sulfide mine tailings, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 55, 965, 10.1016/0016-7037(91)90155-X
Bluteau, 2007, The incongruent dissolution of scorodite – solubility, kinetics and mechanism, Hydrometallurgy, 87, 163, 10.1016/j.hydromet.2007.03.003
Borba, 2003, Geochemical distribution of arsenic in waters, sediments and weathered gold mineralized rocks from Iron Quadrangle, Brazil, Environ. Geol., 44, 39, 10.1007/s00254-002-0733-6
Brooks, 1982, Pollution by arsenic in a gold-mining district in Nova Scotia, Environ. Pollut. (Series B), 4, 109, 10.1016/0143-148X(82)90021-0
Corriveau, 2011, Direct characterization of airborne particles associated with arsenic-rich mine tailings: particle size, mineralogy and texture, Appl. Geochem., 11
Courtin-Nomade, 2002, Trapping and mobilisation of arsenic and lead in former mine tailings – environmental conditions effects, Bull. Soc. Geol. France, 173, 479, 10.2113/173.5.479
Courtin-Nomade, 2003, Arsenic in iron cements developed within tailings of a former metalliferous mine – Enguialès, Aveyron, France, Appl. Geochem., 18, 395, 10.1016/S0883-2927(02)00098-7
Courtin-Nomade, 2010, Sulfide oxidation observed using micro-Raman spectroscopy and micro-X-ray diffraction: the importance of water/rock ratios and pH conditions, Am. Mineral., 95, 582, 10.2138/am.2010.3331
Craw, 2002, Arsenic distribution during formation and capping of an oxidised sulphidic minesoil, Macraes mine, New Zealand, J. Geochem. Explor., 76, 13, 10.1016/S0375-6742(02)00202-9
Dale, 1982, Arsenic pollution associated with tailings at an abandoned gold mine in Halifax County, Nova Scotia, Proc. Nova Scotia Inst. Sci., 32, 337
Demopoulos, 1995, Precipitation of crystalline scorodite (FeAsO42H2O) from chloride solutions, Hydrometallurgy, 38, 245, 10.1016/0304-386X(94)00062-8
DeSisto, S.L., 2008. Dynamic Arsenic Cycling in Scorodite-bearing Hardpan Cements, Montague Gold Mines, Nova Scotia. MSc Thesis, Queen’s Univ. Kingston, ON, Canada. <http://hdl.handle.net.proxy.queensu.ca/1974/1641>.
Dove, 1985, The solubility and stability of scorodite, FeAsO4·2H2O, Am. Mineral., 70, 838
Drahota, 2009, Secondary arsenic minerals in the environment: a review, Environ. Int., 35, 1243, 10.1016/j.envint.2009.07.004
Environment Canada, 2011a. National Climate Data & Information Archive Canadian Climate Normals 1971-2000. <http://www.climate.weatheroffice.gc.ca/climate_normals/index_e.html> (accessed 14.03.11).
Environment Canada, 2011b. The Canadian National Atmospheric Chemistry (NAtChem) Database and Analysis System. <http://www.msc-smc.ec.gc.ca/natchem/core/index_e.html>. (accessed 10.03.11).
Foster, 1998, Quantitative arsenic speciation in mine tailings using X-ray absorption spectroscopy, Am. Mineral., 83, 553, 10.2138/am-1998-5-616
Gieré, 2003, The role of secondary minerals in controlling the migration of arsenic and metals from high-sulfide wastes (Berikul gold mine, Siberia), Appl. Geochem., 18, 1347, 10.1016/S0883-2927(03)00055-6
Gilbert, 2003, The effects of hardpan layers on the water chemistry from the leaching of pyrrhotite-rich tailings material, Environ. Geol., 44, 687, 10.1007/s00254-003-0810-5
Graupner, 2007, Formation and sequences of cemented layers and hardpans within sulfide-bearing mine tailings (mine district Freiberg, Germany), Appl. Geochem., 22, 2486, 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.07.002
Haffert, 2008, Mineralogical controls on environmental mobility of arsenic from historic mine processing residues, New Zealand, Appl. Geochem., 23, 1467, 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.12.030
Haffert, 2010, Climatic and compositional controls on secondary arsenic mineral formation in high-arsenic mine wastes, South Island, New Zealand, N. Z. J. Geol. Geophys., 53, 91, 10.1080/00288306.2010.498403
Hammersley, A.P., 1998. Fit2D V 12.077 Reference Manual V 6.0 European Synchrotron Research Facility Internal Report: ESRF98-HA01T. <http://www.esrf.eu/computing/scientific/FIT2D/>.
Health Canada, 2006. Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality: Guideline Technical Document – Arsenic. Water Quality & Health Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario.
Honeyman, 1872, Notes on the Montague gold mines, Proc. Trans – Nova Scotia Inst. Nat. Sci., 93
Jambor, J.L., Ptacek, C.J., Blowes, D.W., Moncur, M.C., 2005. Acid drainage from the oxidation of iron sulfides and sphalerite in mines wastes. In: Fujisawa, T. (Ed.), Lead & Zinc 2005, vol. 1. The Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan.
Kontak, 1999, Documentation of variable trace- and rare-earth-element abundance in carbonates from auriferous quartz veins in Meguma lode-gold deposits, Nova Scotia, Can. Mineral., 37, 469
Krause, 1988, Solubility and stability of scorodite, FeAsO4·2H2O: new data and further discussion, Am. Mineral., 73, 850
Krause, 1989, Solubilities and stabilities of ferric arsenate compounds, Hydrometallurgy, 22, 311, 10.1016/0304-386X(89)90028-5
Langmuir, 2006, Solubility products of amorphous ferric arsenate and crystalline scorodite (FeAsO4·2H2O) and their application to arsenic behavior in buried mine tailings, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 70, 2942, 10.1016/j.gca.2006.03.006
LeBerre, 2007, Hydrothermal synthesis and stability evaluation of iron (III)–aluminum (III) arsenate solid solutions, Metall. Mater. Trans. B., 38B, 159, 10.1007/s11663-007-9032-7
Lin, 1997, Mobilization and retention of heavy metals in mill-tailings from Garpenberg sulfide mines, Sweden, Sci. Total Environ., 198, 13, 10.1016/S0048-9697(97)05433-8
Lottermoser, 2006, Mobility and retention of trace elements in hardpan-cemented cassiterite tailings, north Queensland, Australia, Environ. Geol., 50, 835, 10.1007/s00254-006-0255-8
Lynch, 1990, Provisional elemental values for eight new geochemical lake sediment and stream sediment reference materials: LKSD-1, LKSD-2, LKSD-3, LKSD-4, STSD-1, STSD-2, STSD-3 and STSD-4, Geostand. Newslett., 14, 153, 10.1111/j.1751-908X.1990.tb00070.x
Majzlan, 2004, Thermodynamics of iron oxides: Part III. Enthalpies of formation and stability of ferrihydrite (∼Fe(OH)3), schwertmannite (∼FeO(OH)3/4(SO4)1/8), and ɛ-Fe2O3, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 68, 1049, 10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00371-5
Manceau, 1995, The mechanism of anion adsorption on iron oxides: evidence for the bonding of arsenate tetrahedra on free Fe(O, OH)6 edges, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 59, 3647, 10.1016/0016-7037(95)00275-5
McGregor, 2002, The physical, chemical and mineralogical properties of three cemented layers within sulfide-bearing mine tailings, J. Geochem. Explor., 76, 195, 10.1016/S0375-6742(02)00255-8
Meima, 2007, Geochemical modelling of hardpan formation in an iron slag dump, Minerals Eng., 20, 16, 10.1016/j.mineng.2006.04.005
Meunier, 2010, Effects of soil composition and mineralogy on the bioaccessibility of arsenic from tailings and soil in gold mine districts of Nova Scotia, Environ. Sci. Technol., 44, 2667, 10.1021/es9035682
Mills, R.F., 1997. Preliminary Investigation of Abandoned Mill Tailings at the Montague Gold District Nova Scotia: Implications for Development Potential. Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources, Report of Activities 1997, pp. 109–113.
Moncur, 2005, Release, transport and attenuation of metals from an old tailings impoundment, Appl. Geochem., 20, 639, 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2004.09.019
Nordstrom, 2003, Arsenic thermodynamic data and environmental geochemistry
Paktunc, 2010, Solubility of nanocrystalline scorodite and amorphous ferric arsenate: implications for stabilization of arsenic in mine wastes, Appl. Geochem., 25, 674, 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2010.01.021
Paktunc, 2003, Characterization of arsenate-for-sulfate substitution in synthetic jarosite using X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy, Can. Mineral., 41, 905, 10.2113/gscanmin.41.4.905
Paktunc, 2004, Speciation and characterization of arsenic in gold ores and cyanidation tailings using X-ray absorption spectroscopy, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 68, 969, 10.1016/j.gca.2003.07.013
Paktunc, 2008, Synthesis and phase transformations involving scorodite, ferric arsenate and arsenical ferrihydrite: implications for arsenic mobility, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 72, 2649, 10.1016/j.gca.2008.03.012
Papassiopi, 1996, Removal and fixation of arsenic in the form of ferric arsenates. Three parallel experimental studies, Hydrometallurgy, 41, 243, 10.1016/0304-386X(95)00059-P
Parkhurst, D.L., Appelo, C.A.J., 1999. User’s guide to PHREEQC (Version 2) – A Computer Program for Speciation, Batch-Reaction, One-Dimensional Transport and Inverse Geochemical Calculations. US Geol. Surv. Water-Resour. Invest. Rep. 99-4259.
Parsons, M.B., Smith, P.K., Goodwin, T.A., Hall, G.E.M., Sangster, A.L., Percival, J.B., 2004. Distribution, cycling, and fate of mercury and associated elements at historical lode gold mines in Nova Scotia, Canada. In: Horvat, M., Ogrinc, N., Faganeli, J., Kotnik, J. (Eds.), Proc. 7th Internat. Conf. Mercury as a Global Pollutant, Ljubljana, Slovenia, June 27–July 2, 2004, vol. 51. RMZ-Materials and the Geoenvironment, pp. 185–189.
Pérez-López, 2007, Mineralogy of the hardpan formation processes in the interface between sulfide-rich sludge and fly ash: applications for acid mine drainage mitigation, Am. Mineral., 92, 1966, 10.2138/am.2007.2686
Perfetti, 2008, Densities and heat capacities of aqueous arsenious and arsenic acid solutions to 350 C and 300 bar, and revised thermodynamic properties of As(OH)3 (aq), AsO(OH)3 (aq) and iron sulfarsenide minerals, Geochim Cosmochim. Acta, 72, 713, 10.1016/j.gca.2007.11.017
Pierce, 1982, Adsorption of arsenite and arsenate on amorphous iron hydroxide, Water Res., 16, 1247, 10.1016/0043-1354(82)90143-9
Roach, 1940, Cyanide treatment of auriferous concentrate from Nova Scotian ores, Trans. Can. Inst. Mining Metall., 43, 709
Salzsauler, 2005, Arsenic mobility in alteration products of sulfide-rich, arsenopyrite-bearing mine wastes, Snow Lake, Manitoba, Canada, Appl. Geochem., 20, 2303, 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2005.06.007
Sangster, A.L., Smith, P.K., 2007. Metallogenic summary of the Meguma gold deposits, Nova Scotia. In: Goodfellow, W.D. (Ed.), Mineral Deposits of Canada: A Synthesis of Major Deposit Types, District Metallogeny, the Evolution of Geological Provinces, and Exploration Methods. Geological Association of Canada, Mineral Deposits Division Special Publication. 5, pp. 723–732.
Savage, 2000, Arsenic speciation in pyrite and secondary weathering phases, Mother Lode Gold District, Tuolumne County, California, Appl. Geochem., 15, 1219, 10.1016/S0883-2927(99)00115-8
Savage, 2005, Arsenic speciation in synthetic jarosite, Chem. Geol., 215, 473, 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.06.046
Shock, 1988, Calculation of the thermodynamic and transport properties of aqueous species at high pressures and temperatures: correlation algorithms for ionic species and equation of state predictions to 5kb and 1000°C, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 52, 2009, 10.1016/0016-7037(88)90181-0
Smith, P.K., Parsons, M.B., Goodwin, T.A., 2005. Field Trip FT-B5: Geology and Environmental Geochemistry of Lode Gold Deposits in Nova Scotia. Halifax 2005, GAC/MAC/CSPG/CSSS Joint Annual Meeting, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Atlantic Geoscience Society Field Guide B5.
Sracek, 2004, Behavior of arsenic and geochemical modeling of arsenic enrichment in aqueous environments, Appl. Geochem., 19, 169, 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2003.09.005
Tindale, 2011, Colloidal arsenic composition from abandoned gold mine tailing leachates in Nova Scotia Canada, Appl. Geochem., 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.03.119
Virĉíková, 1995, Solubilities of amorphous Fe–As precipitates, Hydrometallurgy, 38, 111, 10.1016/0304-386X(94)00072-B
Walker, 2005, The speciation of arsenic in iron oxides in mine wastes from the Giant Gold Mine, N.W.T.: application of synchrotron micro-XRD and micro-XANES at the grain scale, Can. Mineral., 43, 1205, 10.2113/gscanmin.43.4.1205