Influence of cognitive reserve on neuropsychological functioning in bipolar disorder: Findings from a 5‐year longitudinal study

Bipolar Disorders - Tập 19 Số 1 - Trang 50-59 - 2017
Kristin H Hinrichs1, Rebecca Easter1, Kaley Angers1, Bethany Pester1, Zongshan Lai1, David Marshall1, Masoud Kamali2,1, Melvin G. McInnis1, Scott A. Langenecker3, Kelly A. Ryan1
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
2Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
3Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

Tóm tắt

ObjectivesThe present study examined the 5‐year longitudinal course of cognitive functioning in a large sample of well‐characterized patients with bipolar disorder (BP), compared to healthy controls (HCs), and the influence of cognitive reserve factors (e.g., education and IQ) on cognitive change over time.MethodsParticipants included 159 individuals diagnosed with BP and 54 HCs recruited as part of a longitudinal naturalistic study of BP who had completed neuropsychological testing at the time of their enrollment and again 5 years later.ResultsThe overall relative rate of change did not differ between the BP and HC groups. In total, 46.5% of the BP group and 37% of the HC group showed evidence of decline on at least one measure over time. T‐test analyses did not find differences between BP ‘decliners’ and ‘non‐decliners’ in cognitive reserve variables. However, we found that higher baseline intellectual ability was associated with more stability in cognitive test scores over time for the BP group. Results of linear regression modeling revealed that lower verbal IQ and education were related to increased cognitive decline in specific domains in the BP group.ConclusionsThis study has explored the influence of cognitive reserve on preservation of specific cognitive abilities over time in BP. The BP group did not demonstrate accelerated cognitive decline over 5 years compared to the HC group. Although the trajectory of cognitive change over time was similar between BP patients and HCs, higher overall intellectual ability may be a protective factor against cognitive decline, particularly for BP patients.

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Bipolar Disorders

Tập 19 Số 1

50-59

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