Influence of Batch Mass on Formation of NiTi Shape Memory Alloy Produced by High-Energy Ball Milling

Metals - Tập 11 Số 12 - Trang 1908
Tomasz Goryczka1, Piotr Salwa1
1Institute of Materials Engineering, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland

Tóm tắt

A high-energy ball milling technique was used for production of the equiatomic NiTi alloy. The grinding batch was prepared in two quantities of 10 and 20 g. The alloy was produced using various grinding times. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, hardness measurement and differential scanning calorimetry were used for materials characterization at various milling stages. The produced alloy was studied by means of microstructure, chemical and phase composition, average grain and crystallite size, crystal lattice parameters and microstrains. Increasing the batch mass to 20 g and extending the grinding time to 140 h caused the increase in the average size of the agglomerates to 700 µm while the average crystallites size was reduced to a few nanometers. Microstrains were also reduced following elongation of milling time. Moreover, when the grinding time is extended, the amount of the monoclinic phase increases at the expense of the body-centered cubic one—precursors of crystalline, the B2 parent phase and the B19′ martensite. Crystallization takes place as a multistage process, however, at temperatures below 600 °C. After crystallization, the reversible martensitic transformation occurred with the highest enthalpy value—4 or 5 J/g after 120 and 140 h milling, respectively.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Buehler, 1963, Effect of low-temperature phase changes on the mechanical properties of alloys near composition TiNi, J. App. Phys., 34, 1475, 10.1063/1.1729603

Wayman, 1989, The origins of the shape memory effect, JOM, 41, 26, 10.1007/BF03220327

Otsuka, K., and Wayman, C.M. (1998). Shape Memory Materials, Cambridge University Press.

Duerig, T., Stoeckel, D., and Johnson, D. (2002, January 21–23). SMA: Smart materials for medical applications. Proceedings of the SPIE 4763, European Workshop on Smart Structures in Engineering and Technology, Giens, France.

Jani, 2014, A review of shape memory alloy research, applications and opportunities, Mater. Des., 56, 1078, 10.1016/j.matdes.2013.11.084

Zhang, 2012, Grain-size-dependent martensitic transformation in bulk nanocrystalline TiNi under tensile deformation, J. Alloys Comp., 544, 19, 10.1016/j.jallcom.2012.08.014

Gil, 1995, Effect of grain size on the martensitic transformation in NiTi alloy, J. Mater. Sci., 30, 2526, 10.1007/BF00362129

Li, 2020, Structural origin of reversible martensitic transformation and reversible twinning in NiTi shape memory alloy, Acta Mater., 199, 240, 10.1016/j.actamat.2020.08.039

Waitz, 2004, Martensitic transformation of NiTi nanocrystals embedded in an amorphous matrix, Acta Mater., 52, 5461, 10.1016/j.actamat.2004.08.003

Shi, 2015, Grain size effect on the martensitic transformation temperatures of nanocrystalline NiTi alloy, Smart Mater. Struct., 24, 072001, 10.1088/0964-1726/24/7/072001

Šittner, P., Paidar, V., Heller, L., and Seiner, H. (2009, January 7–11). Nonconventional production technologies for NiTi shape memory alloys. Proceedings of the 8th European Symposium on Martensitic Transformations, Prague, Czech Republic.

Chank, 1994, Solid state amorphization by mechanical alloying–an atomistic model, Acta Mater., 42, 3679, 10.1016/0956-7151(94)90433-2

Igharo, 1985, Compaction and sintering phenomena in titanium—nickel shape memory alloys, Powder Metall., 28, 131, 10.1179/pom.1985.28.3.131

Maziarz, 2004, Mechanically alloyed and hot pressed Ni–49.7Ti alloy showing martensitic transformation, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 375, 844, 10.1016/j.msea.2003.10.127

Ghadimi, 2012, Effects of milling and annealing on formation and structural characterization of nanocrystalline intermetallic compounds from Ni–Ti elemental powders, Mater. Lett., 80, 181, 10.1016/j.matlet.2012.04.098

Bozorg, S.F.K., and Rabiezadeh, A. (June, January 29). Powder based on nano-crystalline NiTi produced using high energy ball milling and subsequent heat treatment. Proceedings of the International conference on advancement of materials and nanotechnology, Langkawi, Malaysia.

Sadrnezhaad, 2004, Effect of mechanical alloying and sintering on Ni-Ti powders, Mater. Manuf. Proc., 19, 475, 10.1081/AMP-120038656

Salwa, 2020, Crystallization of mechanically alloyed Ni50Ti50 and Ti50Ni25Cu25 shape memory alloys, J. Materi. Eng. Perform., 29, 2848, 10.1007/s11665-020-04820-y

Rietveld, 1967, Line profiles of neutron powder diffraction peaks for structure refinement, Acta Crystallogr., 22, 151, 10.1107/S0365110X67000234

Zak, 2011, X-ray analysis of ZnO nanoparticles by Williamson-Hall and size-strain plot methods, Solid State Sci., 13, 251, 10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2010.11.024

Massalski, B., Okamoto, H., Subramanian, P.R., and Kacprzak, L. (1992). Binary Alloy Phase Diagram, ASM International.

Slater, 1964, Atomic radii in crystals, J. Chem. Phys., 41, 3199, 10.1063/1.1725697

Suryanarayana, 1996, Recent advances in the synthesis of alloy phases by mechanical alloying/milling, Met. Mater., 2, 195, 10.1007/BF03026094

Hellstern, 1989, Stability of CsCl-type intermetallic compounds under ball milling, J. Mater. Res., 4, 1292, 10.1557/JMR.1989.1292

Vemula, 2017, Evaluation of texture, microstructure and microhardness of commercially pure titanium (grade 1/BT 1-00), Int. J. Mech. Eng. Technol., 8, 398

Yang, 2005, Microstructure-microhardness relation of nanostructured Ni produced by high-pressure torsion, Mater. Lett., 59, 3406, 10.1016/j.matlet.2005.05.077

Eggeler, 2004, On the influence of heterogeneous precipitation on martensitic transformations in a Ni-rich NiTi shape memory alloy, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 378, 148, 10.1016/j.msea.2003.10.335

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Metals

Tập 11 Số 12

1908

Thông tin tác giả