Bất bình đẳng và Giãn cách xã hội trong thời kỳ Đại dịch

Journal of Economic Inequality - Tập 21 - Trang 679-702 - 2023
Caitlin Brown1, Martin Ravallion2
1Department of Economics, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
2Department of Economics, Georgetown University and the National Bureau of Economic Research, Washington, USA

Tóm tắt

Chúng tôi nghiên cứu cách thức bất bình đẳng trước đại dịch ở Hoa Kỳ ảnh hưởng đến việc giãn cách xã hội trong suốt thời gian đại dịch COVID-19. Các quận giàu hơn có xu hướng chứng kiến các phản ứng di chuyển bảo vệ mạnh mẽ hơn trong giai đoạn đầu (trước khi có thuốc điều trị), nhưng các phản ứng bảo vệ này lại giảm sút đáng kể về sau. Tính gần như tuyến tính của hiệu ứng thu nhập này cho thấy rằng sự bất bình đẳng giữa các quận đã góp phần rất ít vào sự suy giảm di chuyển tổng thể. Ngược lại, mức độ bất bình đẳng trong quận và/hoặc tỷ lệ nghèo cao hơn đi kèm với sự giảm sút di chuyển không phải cư trú lớn hơn đáng kể ở các mức thu nhập trung bình nhất định. Cũng có những tác động đáng kể từ thành phần chủng tộc và độ tuổi của quận. Thành phần việc làm trong quận được phát hiện là rất quan trọng, với sự suy giảm di chuyển ở các quận có tỷ lệ công nhân chuyên nghiệp cao hơn.

Từ khóa

#bất bình đẳng xã hội #giãn cách xã hội #đại dịch COVID-19 #di chuyển dân số

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