Indocyanine green fluorescence angiography: a new ERAS item
Tóm tắt
ERAS protocol and indocyanine green fluorescence angiography (ICG-FA) represent the new surgical revolution minimizing complications and shortening recovery time in colorectal surgery. As of today, no studies have been published in the literature evaluating the impact of the ICG-FA in the ERAS protocol for the patients suitable for colorectal surgery. The aim of our study was to assess whether the systematic evaluation of intestinal perfusion by ICG-FA could improve patients outcomes when managed with ERAS perioperative protocol, thus reducing surgical complication rate. This is a retrospective case–control study. From March 2014 to April 2017, 182 patients underwent laparoscopic colorectal surgery for benign and malignant diseases. All the patients were enrolled in ERAS protocol. Two groups were created: Group A comprehended 107 patients managed within the ERAS pathway only and Group B comprehended 75 patients managed as well as with ERAS pathway plus the intraoperative assessment of intestinal perfusion with ICG-FA. Two board-certified laparoscopic colorectal surgeons jointly performed all procedures. Six (5.6%) clinically relevant anastomotic leakages (AL) occurred in Group A, while there was none in Group B, demonstrating that ICG-FA integrated in the ERAS protocol can lead to a statistically significant reduction of the AL. Mean operative time between the two groups was not statistically significant. In five cases (6.6%), the demarcation line set by the fluorescence made the surgeon change the resection line previously marked. The prevalence of all other complications did not differ statistically between the two groups. Our study confirms that combination between ICG and ERAS protocol is feasible and safe and reduces the anastomotic leakage, possibly leading to consider ICG-FA as a new ERAS item.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Basse L, Thorbol JE, Kehleth H (2004) Colonic surgery with accelerated rehabilitation or conventional care Dis. Colon Rectum 47:271–278. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10350-003-0055-0
Eskicioglu C, Forbes SS, Aarts M-A, Okainec A, McLeod RS (2009) Enhnced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programs for patients having colorectal surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. J Gastrointest Surg 13:2321–2329. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11605-009-0927-2
Gouvas N, Tan E, Windsor A, Xynos E, Tekkis PP (2009) Fast track vs standard care in colorectal surgery: a meta-analysis update. Int J Colorectal Dis 24:1119–1131. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00384-009-0703-5
Teeuwen PHE, Bleichrodt RP, Strik C et al (2010) Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) versus conventional postoperative care in colorectal surgery. J Gastrointest Surg 14:88–95. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11605-009-1037-x
Zagar-Shoshtari K, Hill AG (2008) Optimization of perioperative care for colonic surgery: a review of the evidence ANZ. J Surg 78:13–23. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-2197.2007.04350.x
Kehlet H (2008) Fast-track colorectal surgery. Lancet 371:791–793. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(08)60357-8
Wick- EC, Shore AD, Hirose K et al (2011) Readmission rates and cost following colorectal surgery. Dis Colon Rectum 54:1475–1479. https://doi.org/10.1097/dcr.0b013e31822ff8f0
Gatt M, Anderson ADG, Reddy BS, Hayward-Sampson P, Tring IC, MacFie J (2005) Randomized clinical trial of multimodal optimization of surgical care in patients undergoing major colonic resection. Br J Surg 92:1354–1362. https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.5187
Hendry PO, Hausel J, Nygren J et al (2009) Determinants of outcome after colorectal resection within an enhanced recovery programme. Br J Surg 11:902–908. https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.6445
Wind J, Polle S, FungKon Jin PH et al (2009) Laparoscopy and/or fast track multimomodal management versus standard care (LAFA) study group; enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) group. Systematic review of enhanced recovery programmes in colonic surgery. BR J Surg. 93:800–809. https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.5384
Walter CJ, Collin J, Dumville JC, Drew PJ, Monson JR (2009) Enhanced recovery in colorectal resection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Colorectal Dis. 11:344–353. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-1318.2009.01789.x
Kingham TP, Pachter HL (2009) Colonic anastomotic leak: risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment. J Am Coll Surg 208:269–278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2008.10.015
Branagan G, Finnis D, Wessex Colorectal Cancer Audit Working Group (2005) Prognosis after anastomotic leakagein colorectal surgery. Dis Colon Rectum 48:1021–1026. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10350-004-0869-4
Mirnezami A, Mirnezami R, Chandrakumaran K, Sasapu K, Sagar P, Finan P (2011) Increased local recurrence and reduced survival from colorectal cancer following anastomotic leak: systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Surg 253:890–899. https://doi.org/10.1097/sla.0b013e3182128929
Kang CY, Halaby WJ, Chaudhry OO, Nguyen V, Pigazzi A, Carmichael JC, Mills S, Stamos MJ (2013) Risk factors for anastomotic leakage after anterior resection for rectal cancer. JAMA Surg 148:65–71. https://doi.org/10.1001/2013.jamasurg.2
Kim MJ, Shin R, Oh HK, Park JW, Jeong SY, Park JG (2011) The impact of heavy smoking on anastomotic leakage and stricture after low anterior resection in rectal cancer patients. World J Surg 35(12):2806–2810. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-011-1286-1
Park JS, Choi GS, Kim SH et al (2013) Multicenter analysis of risk factors for anastomotic leakage after laparoscopic rectal cancer excision: the Korean laparoscopic colorectal surgery study group. Ann Surg 257(4):665–671. https://doi.org/10.1097/sla.0b013e31827b8ed9
Klein M, Gogenur I, Rosenberg J (2012) Postoperative use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in patients with anastomotic leakage requiring reoperation after colorectal resection: cohort study based on prospective data. BMJ 34:e6166. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.e6166
Al Asari S, Cho MS, Kim NK (2015) Safe Anastomosis in laparoscopic and robotic low anterior resection for rectal cancer: a narrative review and outcomes study from an experttertiary center. Eur J Surg Oncol 41(2):175–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejso.2014.10.060
Frasson M, Flor-Lorente B, Ramos Rodriguez JL, Granero-Castro P, Hervas D, Alvarez Rico MA, Brao MJ, Sanchez Gonzalez JM, Garcia-Granero, ANACO Study Group (2015) Risk factors for anastomotic leakage after colon resection for cancer: multivariate analysis and nomogram from a multicentric, prospective, national study with 3193 patients. Ann Surg 262(2):321–330. https://doi.org/10.1097/sla.0000000000000973
Boni L, David G, Dionigi G, Rausei S, Cassinotti E, Fingerhut A (2015) Indocyanine green-enhanced fluorescence to assess bowel perfusion during laparoscopic colorectal resection. Surg Endosc 30:2736–2742. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-015-4540-z
Karliczek A, Harlaar NJ, Zeebregts CJ, Wiggers T, Baas PC, Van Dam GM (2009) Surgeons lack predicting accuracy for anastomtic leakage in gastrointestinal surgery. Int J Colorectal Dis 24(5):569–576. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00384-009-0658-6
Markus PM, Martell J, Leister I, Horstmann O, Brinker J, Becker H (2005) Predicting postoperative morbidity by clinical assessment. Br J Surg 92:101–106. https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.4608
Urbanavicius L, Pattyn P, de Hutte DV, Benskutonis D (2011) How to assess intestinal viability during surgery: a review of techniques. World J Gastrointest Surg 3:59–69. https://doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.v3.i5.59
Nachiappan S, Askari A, Currie A, Kennedy RH, Faiz O (2014) Intraoperative assessment of colorectal anastomotic intergrity: a systematic review. Surg Endosc 28:2513–2530. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-014-3520-z
Hagiike M, Phillips EH, Berci G (2007) performance differences in laparoscopic surgical skills between true high-definition and three-chip CCD video systems. Surg Endosc 21:1849–1854. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-007-9541-0
Kunert W, Storz P, Muller S, Axt S, Kirschniak A (2013) 3D in laparoscopy: state of the art. Chirurg 84:202–207. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00104-012-2459-7
Honeck P, Wendt-Nordahl G, Rassweiler J, Knoll T (2012) Three-dimensional laparoscopic imaging improves surgical performance on standardized ex vivo laporscopic tasks. J Endourol 26:1085–1088. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2011.0670
Boni L, David G, Mangano A, Dionigi G, Rausei S, Spampatti S, Cassinotti E, Fingerhut A (2015) Clinical applications of indocyanine green (ICG) enhanced fluorescence in laparoscopic surgery. Surg Endosc 29:2046–2055. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-014-3895-x
Jafari MD, EWexner SD, Martz JE, McLemore EC, Margolin DA, Sherwinter DA, Lee SW, Senagore AJ, Phelan MJ, Stamos MJ (2014) Perfusion assessment in laparoscopic left-sided/anterior resection (PILLAR II): a multi-institutional study journal of the american college of surgeons 220(1):82–92.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2014.09.015
Degette TH, Andersen HS, Ismail G (2016) Indocyanine green fluorescence angiography for intraoperative assessment of gastrointestinal anastomotic perfusion: a systematic review of clinical trials. Langhenbecks Arch Surg 401:767–775. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00423-016-1400-9
Boni L, Fingerhut A, Marzorati A et al (2016) Indocyanine green fluorescence angiography during laparoscopic low anterior resection: results of a case-matched study. Surg Endosc 31:1836. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-016-5181-6
Zhuang Cheng-Le, Ye Xing-Zhao, Zhang Xiao-Dong, Chen Bi-Cheng, Zhen Yu (2013) Enhanced recovery after surgery programs versus traditional care for colorectal surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized contraolled trials. Dis Colon Rectum 56:667–678. https://doi.org/10.1097/dcr.0b013e3182812842
Keane C, Savage S, McFarlane K, Seigne R, Robertson G, Eglinton T (2011) Enhanced recovery after surgery versus conventional care in colonic rectal surgery. ANZ J Surg 82:697–703. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-2197.2012.06139.x
Brescia A, Tomassini F, Berardi G, Sebastiani C, Pezzatini M, Dall’Oglio A, Laracca G, Apponi F, Gasparrini M (2017) Development of an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol in laparoscopic colorectal surgery: results of the first 120 consecutive cases from a university hospital. Updates Surg 8:1–7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13304-017-0432-1
Imboden S, Papadia A, Nauwerk M, McKinnon B, Kollmann Z, Mohr S, Lanz S, Mueller MD (2015) A comparison of radiocolloid and indocyanine green fluorescence imaging, sentinel lymph node mapping in patients with cervical cancer undergoing laparoscopic surgery. Ann Surg Oncol 22(13):4198–4203. https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-015-4701-2 (Epub 2015 Jun 30)
Rossetti D, Vitale SG, Tropea A, Biondi A, Laganà AS (2017) New procedures for the identification of sentinel lymph node: shaping the horizon of future management in early stage uterine cervical cancer. Updates Surg. 69(3):383–388. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13304-017-0456-6 (Epub 2017 May 2)
Rossi EC, Ivanova A, Boggess JF (2012) Robotically assisted fluorescence-guided lymph node mapping with ICG for gynecologic malignancies: a feasibility study. Gynecol Oncol 124(1):78–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2011.09.025 (Epub 2011 Oct 11)
Clavien PA, Barkun J, de Oliveira ML, Vauthey JN, Dindo D, Schulick RD, de Santibanes Pekolij J, Slankamenac K, Bassi C, Graf R, Vonlanthen R, Padbury R, Cameron J, Makuchi M (2009) The Clavien-Dindo classification of surgical complication five-year experience. Ann Surg 250:187–196. https://doi.org/10.1097/sla.0b013e3181b13ca2
Gustafsson UO et al (2012) Guidelines for perioperative care in elective colonic surgery: enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS®) Society recommendations. Clin Nutr 31(6):783–800. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-012-1772-0
Qu H, Liu Y, Bi DS (2015) Clinical risk factors for anastomotic leakage after lasparoscopic anterior resection for rectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Surg Endosc 29:3608–3617. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-015-4117-x
Kim JS, Cho SY, Min BS, Kim NK (2009) Risk factors for anastomotic leakage after laparoscopic intracorporeal colorectal anastomosis with a double stapling technique. J Am Coll Surg 209:694–701. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2009.09.021
Brescia A, Mari FS, Favi F, Milillo A, Nigri G, Dall’oglio A, Pancaldi A, Masoni L (2013) Laparoscopic lower anterior rectal resection using a curved stapler: original technique and preliminary experience. Am Surg 79(3):253–256