Các chỉ số và tương quan của rối loạn tâm lý ở bệnh nhân Trung Quốc nhận điều trị thẩm tách máu duy trì: một nghiên cứu cắt ngang

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 47 - Trang 679-689 - 2015
Si-Yuan Wang1, Xiao-Ying Zang1, Jun-Duo Liu2, Mei Cheng1,3, Yue-Xian Shi1,4, Yue Zhao1
1School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
2Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
3School of Nursing, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China
4Department of Nursing, Medical College Affiliated Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China

Tóm tắt

Trầm cảm và lo âu được xem là những bệnh đồng mắc phổ biến nhất ở bệnh nhân thẩm tách máu duy trì (MHD). Nghiên cứu này nhằm đánh giá rối loạn tâm thần ở bệnh nhân thẩm tách máu và nghiên cứu các chỉ số và mối tương quan của rối loạn tâm lý trong số bệnh nhân nhận điều trị MHD tại Trung Quốc. Một nghiên cứu cắt ngang đã được tiến hành với 187 bệnh nhân ngoại trú đang thực hiện thẩm tách máu định kỳ ít nhất 3 tháng. Tất cả người tham gia hoàn thành Thang đo Trầm cảm và Lo âu tại bệnh viện (HADS), Đánh giá chức năng của liệu pháp bệnh mãn tính - Mệt mỏi (FACIT-Fatigue, phiên bản Trung Quốc), Chỉ số Chất lượng Giấc ngủ Pittsburgh (PSQI), Chỉ số APGAR Gia đình (PAGAR), Thang đo Đánh giá Tính linh hoạt và Sự gắn bó của Gia đình (FACES II, phiên bản Trung Quốc) và Bảng hỏi về Chức năng Xã hội (SFQ). Dựa trên điểm cắt của HADS-D/A ≥8, 51 (27,3%) và 29 (15,5%) bệnh nhân báo cáo có triệu chứng trầm cảm và lo âu tương ứng; 26 (13,9%) trong số này báo cáo có cả triệu chứng trầm cảm và lo âu. Bệnh nhân có triệu chứng trầm cảm có tình trạng kinh tế thấp hơn, ít hỗ trợ, thời gian thẩm tách máu dưới 3 năm và nhiều bệnh đồng mắc hơn so với bệnh nhân không có triệu chứng trầm cảm (tất cả P < 0,05). HADS-D có mối tương quan dương với HADS-A, PSQI và SFQ và mối tương quan âm với FACIT-Fatigue, PAGAR, sự gắn bó và tính linh hoạt của gia đình (tất cả P < 0,001). Bệnh nhân có sự gắn bó mạnh mẽ trong gia đình thể hiện mức độ phúc lợi tâm lý - xã hội cao hơn bất kể tình trạng kinh tế của họ. Phân tích hồi quy logistic nhị phân cho thấy lo âu (OR 1,80, P < 0,001) và chức năng xã hội kém (OR 1,31, P < 0,001) có liên quan độc lập với trầm cảm. Cần chú trọng hơn đến việc đánh giá và quản lý rối loạn tâm lý, cũng như phát triển hệ thống hỗ trợ gia đình/xã hội/y tế cho bệnh nhân Trung Quốc nhận điều trị MHD.

Từ khóa

#trầm cảm #lo âu #bệnh nhân thẩm tách máu duy trì #rối loạn tâm lý #nghiên cứu cắt ngang #Trung Quốc

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