Nội dung được dịch bởi AI, chỉ mang tính chất tham khảo
Tăng nguy cơ nhiễm viêm gan C liên quan đến việc sử dụng dung môi ở những người sử dụng ma túy tiêm chích người bản địa Canada
Tóm tắt
Lạm dụng dung môi là một vấn đề nghiêm trọng đặc biệt ảnh hưởng đến người bản địa. Ở đây, chúng tôi xem xét mối liên hệ giữa việc sử dụng dung môi và các biến số về nhân khẩu xã hội, các yếu tố rủi ro liên quan đến ma túy, cũng như sự phổ biến của mầm bệnh ở những người sử dụng ma túy tiêm chích (IDU) thuộc cộng đồng người bản địa ở Manitoba, Canada. Dữ liệu đến từ một cuộc khảo sát cắt ngang có đối tượng là những người sử dụng ma túy tiêm chích từ tháng 12 năm 2003 đến tháng 9 năm 2004. Mối liên hệ giữa việc sử dụng dung môi và các biến số quan tâm đã được đánh giá bằng hồi quy logistic đa biến. Tổng cộng có 266 người sử dụng ma túy tiêm chích người bản địa được đưa vào phân tích, trong đó có 44 người tự báo cáo việc sử dụng dung môi gần đây. Tỷ lệ nhiễm viêm gan C là 81% ở những người sử dụng dung môi, so với 55% ở những người không báo cáo sử dụng dung môi. Trong các mô hình đa biến, những người sử dụng dung môi có độ tuổi trẻ hơn và có khả năng nhiễm viêm gan C cao hơn (AOR: 3.5; 95%CI: 1.3, 14.7), có sử dụng chung bơm tiêm trong sáu tháng qua (AOR: 2.6; 95%CI: 1.0, 6.8), và đã tiêm Talwin & Ritalin (AOR: 10.0; 95%CI: 3.8, 26.3). Tỷ lệ nhiễm viêm gan C cao, ngay cả khi đã kiểm soát các thực hành tiêm chích có rủi ro, cho thấy rằng những người sử dụng dung môi có thể hình thành các mạng lưới khép kín với mức độ rủi ro cao hơn ngay cả trong một quần thể người sử dụng ma túy tiêm chích vốn đã có nguy cơ cao. Hiểu biết về bối cảnh xã hội-dịch tễ học của việc khởi đầu và duy trì việc sử dụng dung môi là cần thiết để giải quyết những bất bình đẳng vốn có mà nhóm đối tượng sử dụng chất này gặp phải, và có thể cung cấp thông tin cho các chiến lược phòng ngừa đối với các quần thể dễ bị tổn thương khác.
Từ khóa
#lạm dụng dung môi #người bản địa #viêm gan C #sử dụng ma túy tiêm chích #ManitobaTài liệu tham khảo
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report. 2007, Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Frohlich KL, Ross N, Richmond C: Health disparities in Canada today: Some evidence and a theoretical framework. Health Policy. 2006, 79 (2-3): 132-43. 10.1016/j.healthpol.2005.12.010.
O'Neil JD, Reading J, Leader A: Changing the relations of surveillance: the development of a discourse of resistance in Aboriginal epidemiology. Hum Organ. 1998, 57: 230-7.
Public Health Agency of Canada: HIV/AIDS Epi Notes: Understanding the HIV/AIDS epidemic among Aboriginal Peoples in Canada: the community at a glance. 2004, Public Health Agency of Canada
Wright MR, Giele CM, Dance PR: Fulfilling prophecy? Sexually transmitted infections and HIV in Indigenous people in Western Australia. eMJA. 2005, 183: 124-8.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance. 2008, Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Craib KJP, Spittal PM, Wood E: Risk factors for elevated HIV incidence among Aboriginal injection drug users in Vancouver. CMAJ. 2003, 168: 19-24.
Miller C, Strathdee S, Spittal P: Elevated rates of HIV infection among young Aboriginal injection drug users in a Canadian setting. Harm Reduct J. 2006, 3 (1): 9-10.1186/1477-7517-3-9.
Wood E, Montaner JSG, Li K: Burden of HIV infection among Aboriginal injection drug users in Vancouver, British Columbia. Am J Public Health. 2008, 98: 515-9. 10.2105/AJPH.2007.114595.
DeBeck K, Kerr T, Fischer B: Smoking of crack cocaine as a risk factor for HIV infection among people who use injection drugs. CMAJ. 2009, 181: 585-9.
Manitoba Health and Healthy Living: Statistical Update on HIV/AIDS: January 1985-December 2007. 2008, Communicable Disease Control Branch, Public Health Division
Saskatchewan Health: HIV/AIDS in Saskatchewan, 2007. 2008, Public Health Branch
Poundstone KE, Strathdee SA, Celentano DD: The social epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Epidemiol Rev. 2004, 26: 22-35. 10.1093/epirev/mxh005.
Luke DA: Getting the big picture in community science: methods that capture context. Am J Community Psychol. 2005, 35: 185-200. 10.1007/s10464-005-3397-z.
Houck CD, Lescano CM, Brown LK: Islands of risk: subgroups of adolescents at risk for HIV. J Pediatr Psychol. 2006, 31: 619-29. 10.1093/jpepsy/jsj067.
Zenilman JM, Ellish N, Fresia A: The geography of sexual partnerships in Baltimore: applications of core theory dynamics using a geographic information system. Sex Trans Dis. 1999, 26: 75-81. 10.1097/00007435-199902000-00002.
Steinman KJ, Hu Y: Substance use among American Indian Youth in an eastern city. J Ethn Subst Abuse. 2007, 6: 15-29. 10.1300/J233v06n01_02.
Howard MO, Perron BE: A survey of inhalant use disorders among delinquent youth: prevalence, clinical features, and latent structure of DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. BMC Psychiatry. 2009, 9 (8): doi:10.1186/471-244X/9/8
Howard MO, Walker RD, Walker PS: Inhalant use among urban American Indian youth. Addiction. 1999, 94: 83-95. 10.1046/j.1360-0443.1999.941835.x.
Wu LT, Howard MO: Is inhalant use a risk factor for heroin and injection drug use among adolescents in the United States. Addict Behav. 2007, 32: 265-81. 10.1016/j.addbeh.2006.03.043.
Spear S, Longshore D, Micarffrey D: Prevalence of substance use among white and American Indian young adolescents in a Northern Plains state. J Psychoactive Drugs. 2005, 37: 1-6.
Dinwiddie SH: Abuse of inhalants: a review. Addiction. 1994, 89: 925-39. 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1994.tb03348.x.
Beauvais F, Waymann JC, Jumper-Thurman P: Inhalant abuse among American Indian, Mexican American, and Non-Latino White adolescents. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2002, 28: 171-87. 10.1081/ADA-120001287.
Weir E: Inhalant use and addiction in Canada. CMAJ. 2001, 164: 397-
Dell CA, Dell DE, Hopkins D: Resiliency and holistic inhalant abuse treatment. Journal of Aboriginal Health. 2005, 2 (1): 4-13.
McGarvey EL, Clavet GJ, Mason W: Adolescent inhalant abuse: environments of use. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 1999, 25: 731-41. 10.1081/ADA-100101889.
Johnston LD, O'Malley PM, Bachman JG: Monitoring the future national results on adolescent drug use: Overview of key findings, 2004. 2005, Rockville, MD: National Institute on Drug Abuse
Collin C: Substance abuse issues and public policy in Canada: IV. prevalence of use and its consequences. 2006, Ottawa, Canada: Library of Parliament
Wu LT, Howard MO: Psychiatric disorders in inhalant users: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Drug Alc Dep. 2007, 88: 146-55. 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.10.012.
Wu LT, Pilowsky DJ, Schlenger WE: Inhalant abuse and dependence among adolescents in the United States. J Am Acad Child Adolesc. 2004, 43: 1206-14. 10.1097/01.chi.0000134491.42807.a3.
Marjot R, McLeod AA: Chronic Non-neurological Toxicity from Volatile Substance Abuse. Hum Exp Toxicol. 1989, 8 (4): 301-6. 10.1177/096032718900800408.
Williams JF, Storck M, and the Committee on Substance Abuse: Inhalant Abuse. Pediatrics. 2007, 119 (5): 1009-17. 10.1542/peds.2007-0470.
Esmail A, Warburton B, Bland JM: Regional variations in deaths from volatile solvent abuse in Great Britain. Addiction. 1997, 92 (12): 1765-71. 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1997.tb02896.x.
Collins D, Pan Z, Johnson K: Individual and contextual predictors of inhalant use among 8th graders: a multilevel analysis. J Drug Educ. 2008, 38 (3): 193-210. 10.2190/DE.38.3.a.
Fendrich M, Mackesy-Amiti ME, Wislar JS: Childhood abuse and the use of inhalants: differences by degree of use. Am J Public Health. 1997, 87 (5): 765-9. 10.2105/AJPH.87.5.765.
Mackesy-Amiti ME, Fendrich M: Trends in Inhalant Use Among High School Students in Illinois: 1993-1995. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2000, 26 (4): 569-91. 10.1081/ADA-100101896.
Wu LT, Ringwalt CL: Inhalant use and disorders among adults in the United States. Drug Alc Dep. 2006, 85 (1): 1-11. 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.01.017.
Wu LT, Howard MO, Pilowsky DJ: Substance use disorders among inhalant users: Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Addict Behav. 2008, 33 (7): 968-73. 10.1016/j.addbeh.2008.02.019.
Altenkirch H, Kindermann W: Inhalant abuse and heroin addiction: a comparative study in 574 opiate addicts with and without a history of sniffing. Addict Behav. 1986, 11: 93-104. 10.1016/0306-4603(86)90033-X.
Bates SC, Plemons BW, Jumper-Thurman P: Volatile solvent use: Patterns by gender and ethnicity among school attenders and dropouts. Drugs Soc. 1997, 10 (1/2): 61-78. 10.1300/J023v10n01_04.
Howard MO, Jenson JM: Inhalant use among antisocial youth:: prevalence and correlates. Addict Behav. 1999, 24 (1): 59-74. 10.1016/S0306-4603(98)00039-2.
Storr CL, Westergaard R, Anthony JC: Early onset inhalant use and risk for opiate initiation by young adulthood. Drug Alc Dep. 2005, 78: 253-61. 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2004.11.005.
Johnson EO, Schutz CG, Anthony JC: Inhalants to heroin: a prospective analysis from adolescence to adulthood. Drug Alc Dep. 1995, 40: 159-64. 10.1016/0376-8716(95)01201-X.
Dinwiddie SH, Reich T, Cloninger CR: Solvent use as a precursor to intravenous drug abuse. Compr Psychiatry. 1991, 32: 133-40. 10.1016/0010-440X(91)90005-W.
Howard MO, Jenson JM: Inhalant use among antisocial youth: prevalence and correlates. Addict Behav. 1999, 24 (1): 59-74. 10.1016/S0306-4603(98)00039-2.
Health Canada: First Nations, Inuit and Aboriginal Health Treatment Centre Directory. 2010, (Accessed May 4 2010), http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fniah-spnia/substan/ads/nnadap-pnlaada_dir-rep-eng.phphttp://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fniah-spnia/substan/ads/nnadap-pnlaada_dir-rep-eng.phphttp://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fniah-spnia/substan/ads/nnadap-pnlaada_dir-rep-eng.php
D'Amanda C, Plumb M, Taintor Z: Heroin addicts with a history of glue sniffing: a deviant group within a deviant group. Int J Addict. 1977, 12: 255-70.
Wylie JL, Shah L, Jolly AM: Incorporating geographic settings into a social network analysis of injection drug use and bloodborne pathogen prevalence. Health Place. 2006, 13: 617-28. 10.1016/j.healthplace.2006.09.002.
Wylie JL, Shah L, Jolly AM: Demographic, risk behaviour and personal network variables associated with prevalent hepatitis C, hepatitis B, and HIV infection in injection drug users in Winnipeg, Canada. BMC Public Health. 2006, 6: 229-10.1186/1471-2458-6-229.
Shaw SY, Shah L, Jolly AM: Identifying heterogeneity among intravenous drug users: a cluster analysis approach. Am J Public Health. 2008, 98: 1430-7. 10.2105/AJPH.2007.120741.
StataCorp: Stata Statistical Software: Release 9. 2005, College Station: StataCorp LP
Anand SS, Yusuf S, Jacobs R: Risk factors, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease among Aboriginal people in Canada: the Study of Health Assessment and Risk Evaluation in Aboriginal Peoples (SHARE-AP). The Lancet. 2001, 358 (9288): 1147-53. 10.1016/S0140-6736(01)06255-9.
Brownridge BA: Understanding the Elevated Risk of Partner Violence Against Aboriginal Women: A Comparison of Two Nationally Representative Surveys of Canada. Journal of Family Violence. 2008, 23 (5): 353-67. 10.1007/s10896-008-9160-0.
MacMillan HL, MacMillan AB, Offord DR: Aboriginal health. CMAJ. 1996, 155: 1569-78.
Shaw SY, Shah L, Jolly AM: Determinants of IDU syringe sharing: The relationship between availability of syringes and risk network member characteristics in Winnipeg, Canada. Addiction. 2007, 102: 1626-35. 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2007.01940.x.
Des Jarlais DC: Reducing syringe sharing among injection drug users in Winnipeg: 81% success or 19% failure?. Addiction. 2007, 102: 1636-10.1111/j.1360-0443.2007.01991.x.
Des Jarlais DC, Perlis T, Arasteh K: Reduction of HIV infection in injecting drug users entering detoxification treatment in New York City, 1990-2001. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2004, 35: 158-66. 10.1097/00126334-200402010-00010.
Strathdee SA, Patrick DM, Currie SL: Needle exchange is not enough: lessons from the Vancouver injecting drug use study. AIDS. 1997, 11: 59-65. 10.1097/00002030-199708000-00001.
Miller CL, Wood E, Spittal P: The future face of coinfection: prevalence and incidence of HIV and Hepatitis C virus coinfection among young injection drug users. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2004, 36: 743-9. 10.1097/00126334-200406010-00012.
Raboud JM, Boily MC, Rajeswaran J: The impact of needle-exchange programs on the spread of HIV among injection drug users: a simulation study. J Urban Health. 2003, 80: 302-20.
Vlahov D, Junge B: The role of needle exchange programs in HIV prevention. Public Health Rep. 1998, 113: 75-80.
Kuller LH: Epidemiology is the study of "epidemics" and their prevention. AJE. 1991, 134: 1051-6.
Ginzler JA, Cochran BN, Domenech-Rodriguez M: Sequential progression of substance use among homeless youth: an empirical investigation of the gateway theory. Subst Use Misuse. 2003, 38: 725-38. 10.1081/JA-120017391.
Des Jarlais DC, Perlis T, Arasteh K: "Informed altruism" and "partner restriction" in the reduction of HIV infection in injecting drug users entering detoxification treatment in New York City, 1990-2001. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2004, 35 (2): 158-66. 10.1097/00126334-200402010-00010.
McPherson M, Smith-Lovin L, Cook JM: Birds of a Feather: Homophily in Social Networks. Annu Rev Sociol. 2001, 27: 415-44. 10.1146/annurev.soc.27.1.415.
Lorenc JD: Inhalant abuse in the pediatric population: a persistent challenge. Cur Opin Pediatr. 2003, 15: 204-9. 10.1097/00008480-200304000-00012.
Peretti-Watel P, Spire B, Lert F: Drug use patterns and adherence to treatment among HIV-positive patients: evidence from a large sample of French outpatients (ANRS-EN12-VESPA 2003). Drug Alc Dep. 2006, 82 (Suppl I): S71-S9. 10.1016/S0376-8716(06)80012-8.
Torrens M, San L, Peri JM: Cocaine abuse among heroin addicts in Spain. Drug Alc Dep. 1991, 27: 29-34. 10.1016/0376-8716(91)90083-B.
Stenbacka M, Beck O, Leifman A: Problem drinking in relation to treatment outcome among opiate addicts in methadone maintenance treatment. Drug Alcohol Rev. 2007, 26: 55-63. 10.1080/09595230601036994.
Byrne A, Kirby B, Zibin T: Psychiatric and neurological effects of chronic solvent abuse. Can J Psychiatry. 1991, 36: 735-8.
Muller AA, Muller GF: Inhalant abuse. J Emerg Nurs. 2006, 32: 447-8. 10.1016/j.jen.2006.05.018.