Tỷ lệ mắc, các yếu tố nguy cơ và kết quả của tổn thương thận cấp tính ở bệnh nhân COVID-19 nặng tại Tyrol, Áo: một nghiên cứu đăng ký đa trung tâm theo chiều dọc

Timo Mayerhöfer1, Fabian Perschinka1, Sebastian Klein1, Andreas Peer1, Georg Lehner1, Romuald Bellmann1, Lukas Gasteiger2, Markus Mittermayr2, Robert Breitkopf2, Stephan Eschertzhuber3, Simon Mathis4, Anna Fiala4, Dietmar Fries4, Mathias Ströhle5, Eva Foidl5, Walter Hasibeder6, Raimund Helbok7, Lukas Kirchmair8, Birgit Stögermüller8, Christoph Krismer9, Tatjana Heiner10, Eugen Ladner10, Claudius Thomé11, Christian Preuß-Hernandez11, Andreas Mayr12, Miriam Potocnik13, Bruno Reitter13, Jürgen Brunner14, Stefanie Zagitzer-Hofer15, Alexandra Ribitsch16, Michael Joannidis1
1Division of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
2Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
3Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Hospital Hall, Hall, Austria
4Department of General and Surgical Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
5Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Hospital Kufstein, Kufstein, Austria
6Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Hospital St. Vinzenz Zams, Zams, Austria
7Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
8Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Hospital Schwaz, Schwaz, Austria
9Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital St. Vinzenz Zams, Zams, Austria
10Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Hospital Reutte, Reutte, Austria
11Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
12Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Hospital Lienz, Lienz, Austria
13Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Hospital St. Johann in Tyrol, St. Johann in Tyrol, Austria
14Department of Pediatrics, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
15Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Hall, Hall, Austria
16Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Lienz, Lienz, Austria

Tóm tắt

Tóm tắt Giới thiệu Tổn thương thận cấp tính là một biến chứng phổ biến ở những bệnh nhân nặng, có hoặc không có COVID-19. Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu này là đánh giá tỷ lệ mắc và các yếu tố nguy cơ gây tổn thương thận cấp tính cũng như ảnh hưởng của nó đến kết quả lâm sàng của bệnh nhân COVID-19 nặng tại Tyrol, Áo. Phương pháp Nghiên cứu đăng ký đa trung tâm tiến cứu này bao gồm các bệnh nhân trưởng thành có nhiễm SARS-CoV-2 được xác nhận bằng phản ứng tổng hợp chuỗi polymerase, những người đã được điều trị tại một trong 12 đơn vị chăm sóc tích cực dành riêng trong thời gian đại dịch COVID-19 từ tháng 2 năm 2020 đến tháng 5 năm 2022. Kết quả Tổng cộng, 1042 bệnh nhân đã được đưa vào nghiên cứu trong thời gian này. Tuổi trung bình của toàn bộ nhóm là 66 tuổi. Trong số các bệnh nhân được bao gồm, 267 người (26%) phát triển tổn thương thận cấp tính trong thời gian lưu viện tại đơn vị chăm sóc tích cực. Tổng cộng, 12.3% (n = 126) cần điều trị thay thế thận với thời gian trung bình là 9 ngày (IQR 3–18). Ở những bệnh nhân có tổn thương thận cấp tính, tỷ lệ thở máy xâm lấn là cao hơn đáng kể, với 85% (n = 227) so với 41% (n = 312) trong nhóm không có tổn thương thận cấp (p < 0.001). Các yếu tố nguy cơ quan trọng nhất đối với tổn thương thận cấp tính là thở máy xâm lấn (OR = 4.19, p < 0.001), việc sử dụng thuốc vận mạch (OR = 3.17, p < 0.001) và bệnh thận mãn tính (OR = 2.30, p < 0.001) trong phân tích hồi quy logistic đa biến. Tỷ lệ tử vong trong bệnh viện và trong đơn vị chăm sóc đặc biệt đều cao hơn đáng kể ở những bệnh nhân có tổn thương thận cấp so với bệnh nhân không có tổn thương thận cấp (tử vong trong bệnh viện: 52.1% so với 17.2%, p < 0.001; tỷ lệ tử vong trong ICU: 47.2% so với 14.7%, p < 0.001). Kết luận Như ở những bệnh nhân không có COVID-19, tổn thương thận cấp tính rõ ràng có liên quan đến tỷ lệ tử vong gia tăng ở những bệnh nhân COVID-19 nặng. Trong số các yếu tố nguy cơ đã biết, thở máy xâm lấn đã được xác định là một dự đoán độc lập và mạnh mẽ của tổn thương thận cấp tính. Tóm tắt đồ họa

Từ khóa


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