In-silico and in-vivo evaluation of the Cardiovascular effects of five Leonotis leonurus diterpenes

Pieters, 2008, Nutrition and hemostasis: a focus on urbanization in South Africa, Mol. Nutr. Food Res., 52, 164, 10.1002/mnfr.200700373 Ubani, 2011 Henkel, 1999, Statistical investigation into the structural complementarity of natural products and synthetic compounds, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 38, 643, 10.1002/(SICI)1521-3773(19990301)38:5<643::AID-ANIE643>3.0.CO;2-G Bonokwane, 2022, Antidepressant effects of South African plants: an appraisal of ethnobotanical surveys, ethnopharmacological and phytochemical studies, Front. Pharmacol., 13, 10.3389/fphar.2022.895286 Das, 2022, Pharmaceutical importance of some promising plant species with special reference to the isolation and extraction of bioactive compounds: a review, Curr. Pharm. Biotechnol., 23, 15, 10.2174/1389201022666210122125854 Young, 2009 Talele, 2010, Successful applications of computer aided drug discovery: moving drugs from concept to the clinic, Curr. Top. Med. Chem., 10, 127, 10.2174/156802610790232251 Zonta, 2010, Advanced in silico approaches in antiviral research, Antiviral Chem. Chemother., 20, 147, 10.3851/IMP1500 van Wyk, 2009 Ojewole, 2003, P-2: hypotensive effect of Leonotis leonurus aqueous leaf extract in rats, Am. J. Hypertens., 16, 40A, 10.1016/S0895-7061(03)00168-7 Obikeze, 2013, Effects of a methanol fraction of the leaves of Leonotis leonurus on the blood pressure and heart rate of normotensive male Wistar rats, Int. J. Med. Health Pharm. Biomed. Eng., 7, 266 Mugabo, 2002, Cardiovascular effects of Leonotis leonurus in the normotensive rat, Rev. Fitoter., 2 Kruger, 1988, 124 McKenzie, 2006, Leonurun, a novel labdane diterpenoid from Leonotis leonurus, S. Afr. J. Chem., 59, 114 Obikeze, 2008, Characterization and Cardiovascular Effects of (13 S)-9α, 13α-epoxylabda-6β (19), 15 (14) diol Dilactone, a Diterpenoid Isolated from Leonotis leonurus, S. Afr. J. Chem., 61, 119 Mazimba, 2015, Leonotis leonurus: a herbal medicine review, J. Pharmacogn. Phytochem., 3 Nsuala, 2015, Wild cannabis”: a review of the traditional use and phytochemistry of Leonotis leonurus, J. Ethnopharmacol., 174, 520, 10.1016/j.jep.2015.08.013 Popoola, 2013, Marrubiin, Molecules, 18, 9049, 10.3390/molecules18089049 Savona, 1978, Hispanolone, a new furanoditerpene, Heterocycles, 9, 257, 10.3987/R-1978-03-0257 Hearse, 2000, Experimental models for the study of cardiovascular function and disease, Pharmacol. Res., 41, 597, 10.1006/phrs.1999.0651 Krinke, 2000, 756 Council, 2010 Ghose, 1999, A knowledge-based approach in designing combinatorial or medicinal chemistry libraries for drug discovery. 1. A qualitative and quantitative characterization of known drug databases, J. Comb. Chem., 1, 55, 10.1021/cc9800071 Lipinski, 1997, Experimental and computational approaches to estimate solubility and permeability in drug discovery and development settings, Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 23, 3, 10.1016/S0169-409X(96)00423-1 Oprea, 2000, Property distribution of drug-related chemical databases, J. Comput. Aided Mol. Des., 14, 251, 10.1023/A:1008130001697 Veber, 2002, Molecular properties that influence the oral bioavailability of drug candidates, J. Med. Chem., 45, 2615, 10.1021/jm020017n Bickerton, 2012, Quantifying the chemical beauty of drugs, Nat. Chem., 4, 90, 10.1038/nchem.1243 Yusof, 2013, Considering the impact drug-like properties have on the chance of success, Drug Discov. Today, 18, 659, 10.1016/j.drudis.2013.02.008 Raji, 2012, Effect of Tulbaghia violacea on the blood pressure and heart rate in male spontaneously hypertensive Wistar rats, J. Ethnopharmacol., 140, 98, 10.1016/j.jep.2011.12.034 Lim, 2011 Temirak, 2014, Part I. Synthesis, biological evaluation and docking studies of new 2-furylbenzimidazoles as antiangiogenic agents, Eur. J. Med. Chem., 87, 868, 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.01.063 De Mello, 2014, Beyond the circulating renin–angiotensin aldosterone system, Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne), 5, 104, 10.3389/fendo.2014.00104 Ambrosio, 2006, Kaurane and pimarane-type diterpenes from the Viguiera species inhibit vascular smooth muscle contractility, Life Sci., 79, 925, 10.1016/j.lfs.2006.05.015 Khan, 2012, Vasodilator effect of phlomis bracteosa constituents is mediated through dual endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent pathways, Clin. Exp. Hypertens, 34, 132, 10.3109/10641963.2011.601383 Warne, 2011, The structural basis for agonist and partial agonist action on a β 1-adrenergic receptor, Nature, 469, 241, 10.1038/nature09746