In-orbit AIS performance of the Norwegian microsatellites NorSat-1 and NorSat-2

CEAS Space Journal - 2019
Torkild Eriksen1, Øystein Helleren1, Andreas Nordmo Skauen1, Frode A. S. Storesund2, Anders Bjørnevik2, Harald Åsheim3, Eirik Voje Blindheim4, Jon Harr5
1Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (FFI), Kjeller, Norway
2Kongsberg Seatex AS, Trondheim, Norway
3Norwegian Coastal Administration, Haugesund, Norway
4Statsat AS, Oslo, Norway
5Norwegian Space Agency, Oslo, Norway

Tóm tắt

Two Norwegian AIS-satellites, NorSat-1 and NorSat-2, were launched in July 2017. Both are equipped with the ASR x50, the latest space-AIS receiver developed by Kongsberg Seatex AS, offering advanced signal processing and continuous operation on all four AIS channels. The NorSat-satellites collect ~ 1.5 million messages from ~ 50,000 ships per day (24 h) each, which is a factor ~ 2.8 increase in the number of messages compared to the ASR 100 on-board AISSat-1 and AISSat-2. The improvements of the AIS-satellites can be attributed to three developments: the performance of the receiver, the use of antenna diversity, and the use of frequency channel diversity. Daily statistics for February 2018 over the Mediterranean Sea illustrate the improvements: The median value of the number of messages received with NorSat-1 using only one antenna is 2.3 times higher than for AISSat-1. When both NorSat-1 antennas are used, the improvement factor becomes 4.1, and finally, when two additional receiver channels are used to collect long-range AIS messages, the total improvement becomes 8.2 times. In terms of ships detected, the factors are 1.8, 2.7, and 4.4 for the respective steps. Long-range AIS messages amount to just 5% of the total AIS messages received by NorSat-1 in August 2017, but it allows to detect 20% more ships on a global scale, and as much as 10 times more ships in a the high-traffic area in the North Sea.

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