Impacts of salvage logging on biodiversity: A meta‐analysis

Journal of Applied Ecology - Tập 55 Số 1 - Trang 279-289 - 2018
Simon Thorn1, Claus Bässler2, Roland Brandl3, Philip J. Burton4, Rebecca E. Cahall5, John L. Campbell5, Jorge Castro6, Chang‐Yong Choi7, Tyler Cobb8, Daniel C. Donato9, Ewa Durska10, Joseph B. Fontaine11, Sylvie Gauthier12, Christian Hébert12, Torsten Hothorn13, Richard L. Hutto14, Eun‐Jae Lee15, Alexandro B. Leverkus16, David B. Lindenmayer17, Martin К. Obrist18, Josep Rost19,20, Sebastian Seibold2,21, Rupert Seidl22, Dominik Thom22, Kaysandra Waldron23, Beat Wermelinger24, Maria‐Barbara Winter25, Michał Żmihorski26, Jörg Müller2,1
1Field Station Fabrikschleichach, Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology (Zoology III), Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, Rauhenebrach, Germany
2Bavarian Forest National Park, Grafenau, Germany
3Department of Ecology, Animal Ecology Faculty of Biology Philipps‐Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
4University of Northern British Columbia, Terrace, BC, Canada
5Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
6Department of Ecology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
7Department of Forest Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
8Royal Alberta Museum, Edmonton, AB, Canada
9School of Environmental & Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
10Department of Ecology and Biodiversity, Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
11School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
12Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Laurentian Forestry Centre, Quebec, QC, Canada
13Division of Biostatistics University of Zürich Zürich Switzerland
14Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
15Urban Planning Research Group, Daejeon Sejong Research Institute, Daejeon, Korea
16Ecology Unit Department of Life Sciences University of Alcalá Alcalá de Henares Madrid Spain
17Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
18WSL Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
19Department of Environmental Sciences and Food Industries, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Catalonia, Vic., Spain
20Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
21Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management Chair for Terrestrial Ecology Technische Universität München Freising Germany
22Institute of Silviculture, Department of Forest- and Soil Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria
23Department of Wood and Forest Sciences Laval University Québec QC Canada
24WSL Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research Forest Dynamics – Forest Entomology Birmensdorf Switzerland
25Forest Research Institute of Baden‐Württemberg (FVA) Freiburg Germany
26Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden

Tóm tắt

Abstract Logging to “salvage” economic returns from forests affected by natural disturbances has become increasingly prevalent globally. Despite potential negative effects on biodiversity, salvage logging is often conducted, even in areas otherwise excluded from logging and reserved for nature conservation, inter alia because strategic priorities for post‐disturbance management are widely lacking. A review of the existing literature revealed that most studies investigating the effects of salvage logging on biodiversity have been conducted less than 5 years following natural disturbances, and focused on non‐saproxylic organisms. A meta‐analysis across 24 species groups revealed that salvage logging significantly decreases numbers of species of eight taxonomic groups. Richness of dead wood dependent taxa (i.e. saproxylic organisms) decreased more strongly than richness of non‐saproxylic taxa. In contrast, taxonomic groups typically associated with open habitats increased in the number of species after salvage logging. By analysing 134 original species abundance matrices, we demonstrate that salvage logging significantly alters community composition in 7 of 17 species groups, particularly affecting saproxylic assemblages. Synthesis and applications. Our results suggest that salvage logging is not consistent with the management objectives of protected areas. Substantial changes, such as the retention of dead wood in naturally disturbed forests, are needed to support biodiversity. Future research should investigate the amount and spatio‐temporal distribution of retained dead wood needed to maintain all components of biodiversity.

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Journal of Applied Ecology

Tập 55 Số 1

279-289

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