Impacts of different types and intensities of El Niño events on winter aerosols over China

Cai, 2017, Weather conditions conducive to Beijing severe haze more frequent under climate change, Nat. Clim. Chang., 7, 257, 10.1038/nclimate3249 Cane, 2005, The evolution of El Niño, past and future, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 230, 227, 10.1016/j.epsl.2004.12.003 Chang, 2016, Impact of the 2015 El Nino event on winter air quality in China, Sci. Rep., 6 Chen, 2015, Haze days in North China and the associated atmospheric circulations based on daily visibility data from 1960 to 2012, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 120, 5895, 10.1002/2015JD023225 Chen, 2013, The combined effects of the ENSO and the Arctic Oscillation on the winter climate anomalies in East Asia, Chin. Sci. Bull., 58, 1355, 10.1007/s11434-012-5654-5 Ding, 2014, Analysis of long-term variations of fog and haze in China in recent 50 years and their relations with atmospheric humidity, Sci. China Earth Sci., 57, 36, 10.1007/s11430-013-4792-1 Feng, 2011, Different impacts of El Niño and El Niño Modoki on China rainfall in the decaying phases, Int. J. Climatol., 31, 2091, 10.1002/joc.2217 Feng, 2016, Influences of El Niño Modoki event 1994/1995 on aerosol concentrations over southern China, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 121, 1637, 10.1002/2015JD023659 Feng, 2016, Influences of El Niño on aerosol concentrations over eastern China, Atmos. Sci. Lett., 17, 422, 10.1002/asl.674 Gao, 2017, A dark October in Beijing 2016, Atmos. Ocean. Sci. Lett., 10, 206, 10.1080/16742834.2017.1293473 Gao, 2015, Influences of El Nino Southern Oscillation events on haze frequency in eastern China during boreal winters, Int. J. Climatol., 35, 2682, 10.1002/joc.4133 Hoesly, 2018, Historical (1750–2014) anthropogenic emissions of reactive gases and aerosols from the Community Emission Data System (CEDS), Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., 2018, 1 Huang, 2001, Dynamical effect of the zonal wind anomalies over the tropical western Pacific on ENSO cycles, Sci. China Ser. D Earth Sci., 44, 1089, 10.1007/BF02906865 Hurrell, 2008, A new sea surface temperature and sea ice boundary dataset for the community atmosphere model, J. Clim., 21, 5145, 10.1175/2008JCLI2292.1 Kim, 2017, ENSO and East Asian winter monsoon relationship modulation associated with the anomalous northwest Pacific anticyclone, Clim. Dyn., 49, 1157, 10.1007/s00382-016-3371-5 Klaus, 1975, El Niño—the dynamic response of the equatorial Pacific Ocean to atmospheric forcing, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 5, 572, 10.1175/1520-0485(1975)005<0572:ENTDRO>2.0.CO;2 Lamarque, 2010, Historical and future (1850–2100) gridded anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions of reactive gases and aerosols for IPCC AR5: methodology and application, 2010, 119 Larkin, 2005, On the definition of El Niño and associated seasonal average U.S. weather anomalies, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, 435, 10.1029/2005GL022738 Li, 1996, Interaction between anomalous winter monsoon in East Asia and El Nino events, Acta. Meteor. Sin., 7, 309 Li, 2016, Interannual variation of the wintertime fog–haze days across central and eastern China and its relation with East Asian winter monsoon, Int. J. Climatol., 36, 346, 10.1002/joc.4350 Li, 2016, Influences of annual SST cycle on local air-sea processes during El Niño events, Acta Oceanol. Sin., 38, 56, 10.1007/s13131-014-0428-3 Li, 2017, A comparison of the effects of interannual Arctic sea ice loss and ENSO on winter haze days: observational analyses and AGCM simulations, J. Meteorol. Res., 31, 820, 10.1007/s13351-017-7017-2 Ostro, 2007, The effects of components of fine particulate air pollution on mortality in California: results from CALFINE, Environ. Health Perspect., 115, 13, 10.1289/ehp.9281 Rajeev, 2016, Chemical characteristics of aerosol and rain water during an El Niño and PDO influenced Indian summer monsoon, Atmos. Environ., 145, 192, 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.09.026 Ren, 2017, Identification method for El Niño/La Niña events, 1 Ren, 2017, Upper-ocean dynamical features and prediction of the super El Niño in 2015/2016: a comparison with 1982/1983 and 1997/1998, Acta. Meteor. Sin., 31, 278 Shi, 2017 Silva, 2016, The impact of individual anthropogenic emissions sectors on the global burden of human mortality due to ambient air pollution, Environ. Health Perspect., 124, 1776, 10.1289/EHP177 Tan, 2015, Climatic analysis of satellite aerosol data on variations of submicron aerosols over East China, Atmos. Environ., 123, 392, 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.03.054 Wang, 1995, Interdecadal changes in El Niño onset in the last four decades, J. Clim., 8, 267, 10.1175/1520-0442(1995)008<0267:ICIENO>2.0.CO;2 Wang, 2016, Understanding the recent trend of haze pollution in eastern China: roles of climate change, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 1, 10.5194/acp-16-4205-2016 Wang, 2000, Pacific–east Asian teleconnection: how does ENSO affect East Asian climate?, J. Clim., 13, 1517, 10.1175/1520-0442(2000)013<1517:PEATHD>2.0.CO;2 Wang, 2012, The secondary formation of inorganic aerosols in the droplet mode through heterogeneous aqueous reactions under haze conditions, Atmos. Environ., 63, 68, 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.09.029 Wang, 2013, Radiative forcing and climate response due to the presence of black carbon in cloud droplets, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 118, 3662, 10.1002/jgrd.50312 Wang, 2014, Improvement of cloud microphysics in the aerosol-climate model BCC_AGCM2.0.1_CUACE/Aero, evaluation against observations, and updated aerosol indirect effect, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 119, 8400, 10.1002/2014JD021886 Wang, 2015, Arctic sea ice decline intensified haze pollution in Eastern China, Atmos. Ocean. Sci. Lett., 8, 1 Wang, 2015, Simultaneous reductions in emissions of black carbon and co-emitted species will weaken the aerosol net cooling effect, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 3671, 10.5194/acp-15-3671-2015 Wang, 2016, Projected response of East Asian summer monsoon system to future reductions in emissions of anthropogenic aerosols and their precursors, Clim. Dyn., 47, 1455, 10.1007/s00382-015-2912-7 Wang, 2017, Impact of anthropogenic aerosols from global, East Asian, and non-East Asian sources on East Asian summer monsoon system, Atmos. Res., 183, 224, 10.1016/j.atmosres.2016.08.023 Weng, 2009, Anomalous winter climate conditions in the Pacific rim during recent El Niño Modoki and El Niño events, Clim. Dyn., 32, 663, 10.1007/s00382-008-0394-6 Yang, 2016, Increase in winter haze over eastern China in recent decades: roles of variations in meteorological parameters and anthropogenic emissions, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 121, 13050, 10.1002/2016JD025136 Yang, 2016, Simulation of global distribution of temporal and spatial variation of PM_(2.5) concentration, China Environ. Sci., 36, 990 Yin, 2016, The relationship between the subtropical Western Pacific SST and haze over North-Central North China Plain, Int. J. Climatol., 36, 3479, 10.1002/joc.4570 Yin, 2017, Role of atmospheric circulations in haze pollution in December 2016, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 1, 10.5194/acp-17-11673-2017 Yuan, 2017, Correlation between haze in North China and super El Niño events, Chin. J. Geophys., 2017 Zhang, 1996, Impact of El Nino on the East Asian monsoon: a diagnostic study of the '86/87 and '91/92 events, J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn., 74, 49, 10.2151/jmsj1965.74.1_49 Zhang, 2012, Atmospheric aerosol compositions in China: spatial/temporal variability, chemical signature, regional haze distribution and comparisons with global aerosols, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 26571 Zhang, 2012, Simulation of direct radiative forcing of aerosols and their effects on East Asian climate using an interactive AGCM-aerosol coupled system, Clim. Dyn., 38, 1675, 10.1007/s00382-011-1131-0 Zhang, 2014, Meteorological conditions for the persistent severe fog and haze event over eastern China in January 2013, Sci. China Earth Sci., 57, 26, 10.1007/s11430-013-4774-3 Zhang, 2014, Application and evaluation of a new radiation code under McICA scheme in BCC_AGCM2.0.1, Geosci. Model Dev., 7, 737, 10.5194/gmd-7-737-2014 Zhang, 2016, Impact of four-stream radiative transfer algorithm on aerosol direct radiative effect and forcing, Int. J. Climatol., 35, 4318, 10.1002/joc.4289 Zhao, 2015, Simulating direct effects of dust aerosol on arid and semi-arid regions using an aerosol–climate coupled system, Int. J. Climatol., 35, 1858, 10.1002/joc.4093 Zhao, 2018, The effects of El Niño-South Oscillation on the winter haze pollution of China, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 2018, 1 Zheng, 2015, Heterogeneous chemistry: a mechanism missing in current models to explain secondary inorganic aerosol formation during the January 2013 haze episode in North China, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 2031, 10.5194/acp-15-2031-2015 Zhou, 2012, Towards the improvements of simulating the chemical and optical properties of Chinese aerosols using an online coupled model – CUACE/Aero, Tellus Ser. B Chem. Phys. Meteorol., 64, 91, 10.3402/tellusb.v64i0.18965 Zou, 2017, Arctic sea ice, Eurasia snow, and extreme winter haze in China, Sci. Adv., 3, 10.1126/sciadv.1602751