Tác động của ống nano carbon nhiều lớp đã bị thời tiết hóa đối với các tế bào biểu mô trong ống tiêu hóa của những loài gặm nhấm nước ngọt Lymnaea stagnalis và Rhithrogena semicolorata

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 30 - Trang 407-419 - 2022
Katrin Weise1, Thomas Kurth2, Anna Schmidt1, Carola Winkelmann3, Jochen Becker3, Susanne Kretschmar2, Thomas Ulrich Berendonk1, Dirk Jungmann1
1Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Institute for Hydrobiology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
2Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technology Platform, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
3Institute for Integrated Natural Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Koblenz, Germany

Tóm tắt

Các loài gặm nhấm nước ngọt là những sinh vật phù hợp để điều tra số phận của các chất ô nhiễm môi trường, chẳng hạn như ống nano carbon nhiều lớp đã bị thời tiết hóa (wMWCNTs). Một quá trình quan trọng là sự hấp thụ vật liệu đã được tiêu thụ vào các tế bào tiêu hóa hoặc hấp thụ. Để giải quyết điều này, chúng tôi đã nghiên cứu sự phân bố của wMWCNTs trong ống tiêu hóa của ốc bùn Lymnaea stagnalis (L. stagnalis) và bướm nước Rhithrogena semicolorata (R. semicolorata). Ở L. stagnalis, các bó wMWCNTs có thể được phát hiện trong lòng giữa của ống tiêu hóa, trong khi chỉ có các wMWCNT đơn lẻ được phát hiện trong lòng của tuyến tiêu hóa. Việc hấp thụ wMWCNTs trong tế bào đã được phát hiện bằng kính hiển vi điện tử truyền qua (TEM) nhưng bị giới hạn ở các tế bào của tuyến tiêu hóa. Ở ấu trùng của R. semicolorata, sự kích thích của các vi nhung mao và hư hỏng ở phần đỉnh của các tế bào biểu mô ống tiêu hóa đã được phát hiện sau khi cho ăn với nồng độ 1 đến 10 mg/L wMWCNTs. Trong cả hai mô hình, chúng tôi phát hiện các cấu trúc sợi liên quan chặt chẽ với các tế bào biểu mô, cấu thành các màng bao quanh (PMs). PM có thể làm giảm sự truyền các bó wMWCNT vào biểu mô bằng cách hình thành một hàng rào lọc và có thể bảo vệ các tế bào khỏi wMWCNTs. Kết quả là, sự hấp thụ wMWCNTs vào tế bào là hiếm gặp ở ốc bùn và có thể hoàn toàn không xảy ra ở các ấu trùng bướm nước. Ngoài ra, chúng tôi đã theo dõi các dấu hiệu sinh lý như mức độ glycogen hoặc triglycerides và tỷ lệ RNA/DNA. Tỷ lệ này đã bị ảnh hưởng đáng kể ở L. stagnalis sau 24 ngày với 10 mg/L wMWCNTs, nhưng không ở R. semicolorata sau 28 ngày và 10 mg/L wMWCNTs. Tuy nhiên, các tác động đáng kể về trạng thái năng lượng của R. semicolorata đã được phân tích sau 28 ngày tiếp xúc với 1 mg/L wMWCNTs. Hơn nữa, chúng tôi đã quan sát thấy sự giảm đáng kể số lượng phagosom mỗi tế bào enterocyte ở ấu trùng bướm nước tại nồng độ 10 mg/L wMWCNTs (p < 0.01).

Từ khóa

#ống nano carbon nhiều lớp #chất ô nhiễm môi trường #Lymnaea stagnalis #Rhithrogena semicolorata #tế bào biểu mô #ống tiêu hóa

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