Tác động của sự không chắc chắn đến sai số dự đoán lạm phát ở các nước Trung và Đông Âu

Eurasian Economic Review - Tập 13 - Trang 535-574 - 2023
Agata Kliber1, Magdalena Szyszko2, Mariusz Próchniak3, Aleksandra Rutkowska1
1Poznan University of Economics and Business, Poznan, Poland
2WSB Merito University Poznan, Poznan, Poland
3SGH Warsaw School of Economics, Al. Niepodległosci 162, Warsaw, Poland

Tóm tắt

Câu hỏi nền tảng của vấn đề nghiên cứu mà nghiên cứu này đề cập liên quan đến nhiều yếu tố, bao gồm sự không chắc chắn, có thể ảnh hưởng đến sai số dự đoán. Các công trình trước đây, chủ yếu tập trung vào các nền kinh tế hàng đầu thế giới, chưa đạt được đồng thuận về cách mà các tác nhân kinh tế xây dựng dự đoán về lạm phát hoặc lý do tại sao sai số dự đoán xảy ra. Có một khoảng trống trong tài liệu thực nghiệm cần được lấp đầy. Phân tích này bao gồm giai đoạn từ năm 2016 đến 2020 và bảy nền kinh tế: Albania, Cộng hòa Séc, Hungary, Ba Lan, Romania, Serbia và Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ. Chúng tôi xác minh xem liệu sai số dự đoán có bị ảnh hưởng bởi sản xuất, lạm phát, tỷ giá hối đoái, lãi suất, giá dầu, sự thay đổi trong ngữ điệu của các thông cáo từ ngân hàng trung ương và sự không chắc chắn của chúng hay không. Chúng tôi đánh giá xem liệu các tác nhân kinh tế có thể xử lý thông tin sẵn có để đưa ra dự đoán chính xác về lạm phát hay không. Kết quả cho thấy rằng cả người tiêu dùng và các chuyên gia đều không thực hiện được điều đó - họ thường xuyên trình bày các dự đoán không chính xác. Kết quả cũng cho thấy rằng sự biến động của tỷ giá hối đoái là biến số quan trọng nhất có ảnh hưởng tích cực đến sai số dự đoán, tiếp theo là lạm phát và sự biến động của nó. Điều này xác nhận (trong hầu hết các trường hợp) một giả định lý thuyết rằng một môi trường ổn định tốt hơn cho sự phát triển dài hạn khi các sai số dự đoán về lạm phát thấp hơn cho phép tối ưu hóa các quyết định kinh tế. Nghiên cứu này cho thấy rằng các cơ chế hỗ trợ dự đoán trong thời gian bất ổn cần phải được củng cố. Nó trình bày tập hợp các biến số cần được phân tích cẩn thận hơn bởi người tiêu dùng và các chuyên gia. Ngoài ra, các ngân hàng trung ương có thể cung cấp thông tin chính xác hơn về sự phát triển của các yếu tố gây sai số. Kết quả của chúng tôi dựa trên tài liệu hiện có bằng cách liên kết rõ ràng sự không chắc chắn trong kinh tế vĩ mô với sai số dự đoán, bao gồm cả cho các nền kinh tế nhỏ mở từ Eurasia.

Từ khóa

#lạm phát #sai số dự đoán #sự không chắc chắn #nền kinh tế #tỷ giá hối đoái #ngân hàng trung ương

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