Impact of leachate on groundwater pollution due to non-engineered municipal solid waste landfill sites of erode city, Tamil Nadu, India
Tóm tắt
Leachate and groundwater samples were collected from Vendipalayam, Semur and Vairapalayam landfill sites in Erode city, Tamil Nadu, India, to study the possible impact of leachate percolation on groundwater quality. Concentrations of various physicochemical parameters including heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, Fe and Zn) were determined in leachate samples and are reported. The concentrations of Cl-, NO3-, SO42-, NH4+ were found to be in considerable levels in the groundwater samples particularly near to the landfill sites, likely indicating that groundwater quality is being significantly affected by leachate percolation. Further they were proved to be the tracers for groundwater contamination near Semur and Vendipalayam dumpyards. The presence of contaminants in groundwater particularly near the landfill sites warns its quality and thus renders the associated aquifer unreliable for domestic water supply and other uses. Although some remedial measures are suggested to reduce further groundwater contamination via leachate percolation, the present study demands for the proper management of waste in Erode city.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Fatta D, Papadopoulos A, Loizidou M: A study on the landfill leachate and its impact on the groundwater quality of the greater area. Environ Geochem Health. 1999, 21 (2): 175-190. 10.1023/A:1006613530137.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA): Office of Drinking Water, A Ground Water Protection Strategy for the Environmental Protection Agency. 1984, 11-
Chatterjee R: Municipal solid waste management in kohima city-india. Iran J Environ health sci and eng. 2010, 7 (2): 173-180.
Mor S, Vischher A, Ravindra K, Dahiya RP, Chandra A, Van Cleemput O: Induction of enhanced methane oxidation in compost: Temperature and moisture response. Waste Manage. 2006, 26 (4): 381-388. 10.1016/j.wasman.2005.11.005.
Saarela J: Pilot investigations of surface parts of three closed landfills and factors affecting them. Environ Monit Assess. 2003, 84: 183-192. 10.1023/A:1022859718865.
Moo-Young H, Johnson B, Johnson A, Carson D, Lew C, Liu S, Hancock K: Characterization of infiltration rates from landfills: Supporting groundwater modeling efforts. Environ Monit Assess. 2004, 96: 283-311.
Ogwueleka TC: Municipal solid waste characteristics and management in Nigeria. Iran J Environ health Sci and Eng. 2009, 6 (3): 173-180.
Aggarwal A, Singhmar A, Kulshrestha M, Mittal AK: Municipal solid waste recycling and associated markets in Delhi, India. Res. Conserv. Recycling. 2005, 44: 73-90. 10.1016/j.resconrec.2004.09.007.
Shuokr Qarani A, Hamidi Abdul A, Mohd Suffian Y, Bashir MJK, Umar M: Leachate characterization in semi-aerobic and anaerobic sanitary landfills: A comparative study. J Environ Manage. 2010, 91 (12): 2608-2614. 10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.07.042.
Buket Yenigul N, Amro MM E, Gehrels JC, Cees Van Den A, Hensbergen AT, Michel Dekking F: Reliability assessment of groundwater monitoring networks at landfill sites. J Hydrol. 2005, 308 (1–4): 1-
APHA: Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 1994, American Public Health Association, Washington DC USA, 15
Mohan S, Gandhimathi R: Removal of heavy metal ions from municipal solid waste leachate using coal fly ash as an adsorbent. J Hazard Mater. 2009, 169 (1–3): 351-359.
Bendz D, Singh VP, Akesson M: Accumulation of water and generation of leachate in a young landfill. J Hydrol. 1997, 203: 1-10. 10.1016/S0022-1694(97)00080-2.
Christensen TH, Kjeldsen P, Albrechtsen H-J, Heron G, Nielson PH, Bjerg PL, Holm PE: Attenuation of landfill leachate pollutants in aquifers. Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol. 1994, 24: 119-202. 10.1080/10643389409388463.
Zgajnar Gotvajn A, Tisler T, Zagorc-Koncan J: Minimizing N2O fluxes from full-scale municipal solid waste landfill with properly selected cover soil. J Environ Sci. 2008, 20 (2): 189-194. 10.1016/S1001-0742(08)60030-3.
Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS): Indian Standard Specification for Drinking Water, IS 10500. 1991, 2-4.
WHO: Guideline for Drinking Water Quality Vol.2 Health criteria and other supporting information. 1997, World Health Organization, Geneva, 940-949. 2
Subramani T, Rajmohan N, Elango L: Groundwater geochemistry and identification of hydrochemical processes in a hard rock region, Southern India. Environ Monit Assess. 2010, 162: 123-137. 10.1007/s10661-009-0781-4.
Caroll D: Rain water as a chemical agent of geological process- A view. USGS Water Supply. 1962, 1533: 18-20.
Chu LM, Cheung KC, Wong MH: Variations in the chemical properties of landfill leachate. Environ Manage. 1994, 18: 105-117. 10.1007/BF02393753.
Malakootian M, Dowlatshahi S: Variations of chemical quality for drinking water sources in Zarand plain. Iran J Environm Health Sci and Eng. 2007, 4 (4): 257-262.
Piper AM: A graphical procedure in the geochemical interpretation of water analysis. Am Geophys Union Trans. 1944, 25: 914-928.
Raihan F, Alam JB: Assessment of groundwater quality in sunamganj of Bangladesh. Iran J Environ health Sci and Eng. 2008, 5 (3): 155-166.
Richard LA: Diagnosis and improvement of saline and alkali soils, Agricultural Handbook 60. 1954, US Department of Agriculture, Washington DC
Subramani T, Elango L, Damodarasamy SR: Groundwater quality and its suitability for drinking and agricultural use in Chithar river basin, Tamil Nadu, India. Environ Geol. 2005, 47: 1099-1110. 10.1007/s00254-005-1243-0.
Rowe RK, Quigley RQ, Booker JR: Clay Barrier Systems for Waste Disposal Facilities. 1995, E & FN Spon, London, UK
Behbahaninia A, Mirbagheri SA, Nouri J: Effects of sludge from wastewater treatment plants on heavy metals transport to soils and groundwater. Iran J Environ health sci and eng. 2010, 7 (5): 401-406.
Mor S, Khaiwal R, Dahiya RP, Chandra A: Leachate characterization and assessment of groundwater pollution near municipal solid waste landfill site. Environ Monit Assess. 2006, 118: 435-456. 10.1007/s10661-006-1505-7.