Immune cell migration in inflammation: present and future therapeutic targets
Tóm tắt
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Luster, A.D. Chemokines–chemotactic cytokines that mediate inflammation. N. Engl. J. Med. 338, 436–445 (1998).
Ulbrich, H., Eriksson, E.E. & Lindbom, L. Leukocyte and endothelial cell adhesion molecules as targets for therapeutic interventions in inflammatory disease. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 24, 640–647 (2003).
Yonekawa, K. & Harlan, J.M. Targeting leukocyte integrins in human diseases. J. Leukoc. Biol. 77, 129–140 (2005).
Cavanagh, L.L. & Von Andrian, U.H. Travellers in many guises: the origins and destinations of dendritic cells. Immunol. Cell Biol. 80, 448–462 (2002).
Jung, S. et al. In vivo depletion of CD11c+ dendritic cells abrogates priming of CD8+ T cells by exogenous cell-associated antigens. Immunity 17, 211–220 (2002).
von Andrian, U.H. & Mackay, C.R. T-cell function and migration. Two sides of the same coin. N. Engl. J. Med. 343, 1020–1034 (2000).
Xie, H., Lim, Y.C., Luscinskas, F.W. & Lichtman, A.H. Acquisition of selectin binding and peripheral homing properties by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. J. Exp. Med. 189, 1765–1776 (1999).
Weninger, W., Crowley, M.A., Manjunath, N. & von Andrian, U.H. Migratory properties of naive, effector, and memory CD8+ T cells. J. Exp. Med. 194, 953–966 (2001).
Sallusto, F., Geginat, J. & Lanzavecchia, A. Central memory and effector memory T cell subsets: function, generation, and maintenance. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 22, 745–763 (2004).
Mora, J.R. et al. Reciprocal and dynamic control of CD8 T cell homing by dendritic cells from skin- and gut-associated lymphoid tissues. J. Exp. Med. 201, 303–316 (2005).
Calzascia, T. et al. Homing phenotypes of tumor-specific CD8 T cells are predetermined at the tumor site by crosspresenting APCs. Immunity 22, 175–184 (2005).
Sallusto, F., Lenig, D., Mackay, C.R. & Lanzavecchia, A. Flexible programs of chemokine receptor expression on human polarized T helper 1 and 2 lymphocytes. J. Exp. Med. 187, 875–883 (1998).
Austrup, F. et al. P- and E-selectin mediate recruitment of T-helper-1 but not T-helper-2 cells into inflammed tissues. Nature 385, 81–83 (1997).
Campbell, J.J. et al. CCR7 expression and memory T cell diversity in humans. J. Immunol. 166, 877–884 (2001).
Wherry, E.J. et al. Lineage relationship and protective immunity of memory CD8 T cell subsets. Nat. Immunol. 4, 225–234 (2003).
McEver, R.P. Selectins: lectins that initiate cell adhesion under flow. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 14, 581–586 (2002).
Rosen, S.D. Ligands for L-selectin: homing, inflammation, and beyond. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 22, 129–156 (2004).
Sperandio, M. et al. P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 mediates L-selectin-dependent leukocyte rolling in venules. J. Exp. Med. 197, 1355–1363 (2003).
Hafezi-Moghadam, A., Thomas, K.L., Prorock, A.J., Huo, Y. & Ley, K. L-selectin shedding regulates leukocyte recruitment. J. Exp. Med. 193, 863–872 (2001).
Carman, C.V. & Springer, T.A. Integrin avidity regulation: are changes in affinity and conformation underemphasized? Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 15, 547–556 (2003).
Rot, A. & von Andrian, U.H. Chemokines in innate and adaptive host defense: basic chemokinese grammar for immune cells. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 22, 891–928 (2004).
Baltus, T., Weber, K.S., Johnson, Z., Proudfoot, A.E. & Weber, C. Oligomerization of RANTES is required for CCR1-mediated arrest but not CCR5-mediated transmigration of leukocytes on inflamed endothelium. Blood 102, 1985–1988 (2003).
Springer, T.A. Traffic signals for lymphocyte recirculation and leukocyte emigration: The multistep paradigm. Cell 76, 301–314 (1994).
Butcher, E.C. Leukocyte-endothelial cell recognition: three (or more) steps to specificity and diversity. Cell 67, 1033–1036 (1991).
Vajkoczy, P., Laschinger, M. & Engelhardt, B. α4-integrin mediates G-protein independent capture of encephalitogenic T cell blasts on endothelial VCAM-1 in spinal cord white matter microvessels. J. Clin. Invest. 108, 557–565 (2001).
Berlin, C. et al. α4 integrins mediate lymphocyte attachment and rolling under physiologic flow. Cell 80, 413–422 (1995).
Stolen, C.M. et al. Absence of the endothelial oxidase AOC3 leads to abnormal leukocyte traffic in vivo. Immunity 22, 105–115 (2005).
Kinashi, T. Intracellular signalling controlling integrin activation in lymphocytes. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 5, 546–559 (2005).
Liu, S., Calderwood, D.A. & Ginsberg, M.H. Integrin cytoplasmic domain-binding proteins. J. Cell Sci. 113, 3563–3571 (2000).
Nandi, A., Estess, P. & Siegelman, M. Bimolecular complex between rolling and firm adhesion receptors required for cell arrest; CD44 association with VLA-4 in T cell extravasation. Immunity 20, 455–465 (2004).
Shamri, R. et al. Lymphocyte arrest requires instantaneous induction of an extended LFA-1 conformation mediated by endothelium-bound chemokines. Nat. Immunol. 6, 497–506 (2005).
Shimaoka, M. & Springer, T.A. Therapeutic antagonists and the conformational regulation of the β2 integrins. Curr. Top. Med. Chem. 4, 1485–1495 (2004).
Kim, M., Carman, C.V., Yang, W., Salas, A. & Springer, T.A. The primacy of affinity over clustering in regulation of adhesiveness of the integrin αLβ2 . J. Cell Biol. 167, 1241–1253 (2004).
Weber, C. & Springer, T.A. Neutrophil accumulation on activated, surface-adherent platelets in flow is mediated by interaction of Mac-1 with fibrinogen bound to αIibβ3 and stimulated by platelet-activating factor. J. Clin. Invest. 100, 2085–2093 (1997).
von Hundelshausen, P. et al. RANTES deposition by platelets triggers monocyte arrest on inflamed and atherosclerotic endothelium. Circulation 103, 1772–1777 (2001).
Laudanna, C., Kim, J.Y., Constantin, G. & Butcher, E. Rapid leukocyte integrin activation by chemokines. Immunol. Rev. 186, 37–46 (2002).
Kunkel, E.J., Dunne, J.L. & Ley, K. Leukocyte arrest during cytokine-dependent inflammation in vivo. J. Immunol. 164, 3301–3308 (2000).
Atarashi, K., Hirata, T., Matsumoto, M., Kanemitsu, N. & Miyasaka, M. Rolling of Th1 cells via P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 stimulates LFA-1-mediated cell binding to ICAM-1. J. Immunol. 174, 1424–1432 (2005).
Smith, M.L., Olson, T.S. & Ley, K. CXCR2- and E-selectin-induced neutrophil arrest during inflammation in vivo. J. Exp. Med. 200, 935–939 (2004).
Huo, Y. et al. Circulating activated platelets exacerbate atherosclerosis in mice deficient in apolipoprotein E. Nat. Med. 9, 61–67 (2003).
Vestweber, D. Regulation of endothelial cell contacts during leukocyte extravasation. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 14, 587–593 (2002).
Shimonaka, M. et al. Rap1 translates chemokine signals to integrin activation, cell polarization, and motility across vascular endothelium under flow. J. Cell Biol. 161, 417–427 (2003).
Dustin, M.L., Bivona, T.G. & Philips, M.R. Membranes as messengers in T cell adhesion signaling. Nat. Immunol. 5, 363–372 (2004).
Vicente-Manzanares, M. & Sanchez-Madrid, F. Role of the cytoskeleton during leukocyte responses. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 4, 110–122 (2004).
Wymann, M.P. & Marone, R. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase in disease: timing, location, and scaffolding. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 17, 141–149 (2005).
Feng, D., Nagy, J.A., Pyne, K., Dvorak, H.F. & Dvorak, A.M. Neutrophils emigrate from venules by a transendothelial cell pathway in response to fMLP. J. Exp. Med. 187, 903–915 (1998).
Barreiro, O. et al. Dynamic interaction of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 with moesin and ezrin in a novel endothelial docking structure for adherent leukocytes. J. Cell Biol. 157, 1233–1245 (2002).
Carman, C.V. & Springer, T.A. A transmigratory cup in leukocyte diapedesis both through individual vascular endothelial cells and between them. J. Cell Biol. 167, 377–388 (2004).
Johnson-Leger, C., Aurrand-Lions, M. & Imhof, B.A. The parting of the endothelium: miracle, or simply a junctional affair? J. Cell Sci. 113, 921–933 (2000).
Muller, W.A. Leukocyte-endothelial-cell interactions in leukocyte transmigration and the inflammatory response. Trends Immunol. 24, 327–334 (2003).
Dangerfield, J., Larbi, K.Y., Huang, M.T., Dewar, A. & Nourshargh, S. PECAM-1 (CD31) homophilic interaction up-regulates α6β1 on transmigrated neutrophils in vivo and plays a functional role in the ability of α6 integrins to mediate leukocyte migration through the perivascular basement membrane. J. Exp. Med. 196, 1201–1211 (2002).
Reedquist, K.A. et al. The small GTPase, rap1, mediates CD31-induced integrin adhesion. J. Cell Biol. 148, 1151–1158 (2000).
Dangerfield, J.P., Wang, S. & Nourshargh, S. Blockade of α6 integrin inhibits IL-1β- but not TNF-α-induced neutrophil transmigration in vivo. J. Leukoc. Biol. 77, 159–165 (2005).
Ray, S.J. et al. The collagen binding α1β1 integrin VLA-1 regulates CD8 T cell-mediated immune protection against heterologous influenza infection. Immunity 20, 167–179 (2004).
Timpl, R. Macromolecular organization of basement membranes. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 8, 618–624 (1996).
Sixt, M. et al. Endothelial cell laminin isoforms, laminins 8 and 10, play decisive roles in T cell recruitment across the blood-brain barrier in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J. Cell Biol. 153, 933–946 (2001).
Stamenkovic, I. Extracellular matrix remodelling: the role of matrix metalloproteinases. J. Pathol. 200, 448–464 (2003).
Rose, M.J. & Page, C. Glycosaminoglycans and the regulation of allergic inflammation. Curr. Drug Targets Inflamm. Allergy 3, 221–225 (2004).
Romanic, A.M. & Madri, J.A. The induction of 72-kD gelatinase in T cells upon adhesion to endothelial cells is VCAM-1 dependent. J. Cell Biol. 125, 1165–1178 (1994).
Vorup-Jensen, T. et al. Exposure of acidic residues as a danger signal for recognition of fibrinogen and other macromolecules by integrin αXβ2 . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102, 1614–1619 (2005).
Vaday, G.G. et al. Combinatorial signals by inflammatory cytokines and chemokines mediate leukocyte interactions with extracellular matrix. J. Leukoc. Biol. 69, 885–892 (2001).
Wang, L., Fuster, M., Sriramarao, P. & Esko, J.D. Endothelial heparan sulfate deficiency impairs L-selectin- and chemokine-mediated neutrophil trafficking during inflammatory responses. Nat. Immunol. 6, 902–910 (2005).
Wolf, K., Muller, R., Borgmann, S., Brocker, E.B. & Friedl, P. Amoeboid shape change and contact guidance: T-lymphocyte crawling through fibrillar collagen is independent of matrix remodeling by MMPs and other proteases. Blood 102, 3262–3269 (2003).
Kinashi, T. et al. LAD-III, a leukocyte adhesion deficiency syndrome associated with defective Rap1 activation and impaired stabilization of integrin bonds. Blood 103, 1033–1036 (2004).
Sekido, N. et al. Prevention of lung reperfusion injury in rabbits by a monoclonal antibody against interleukin-8. Nature 365, 654–657 (1993).
Harada, A. et al. Essential involvement of interleukin-8 (IL-8) in acute inflammation. J. Leukoc. Biol. 56, 559–564 (1994).
Kaneider, N.C., Agarwal, A., Leger, A.J. & Kuliopulos, A. Reversing systemic inflammatory response syndrome with chemokine receptor pepducins. Nat. Med. 11, 661–665 (2005).
Miller, D.H. et al. A controlled trial of natalizumab for relapsing multiple sclerosis. N. Engl. J. Med. 348, 15–23 (2003).
Feagan, B.G. et al. Treatment of ulcerative colitis with a humanized antibody to the α4β7 integrin. N. Engl. J. Med. 352, 2499–2507 (2005).
Kunkel, E.J. et al. Lymphocyte CC chemokine receptor 9 and epithelial thymus-expressed chemokine (TECK) expression distinguish the small intestinal immune compartment: Epithelial expression of tissue-specific chemokines as an organizing principle in regional immunity. J. Exp. Med. 192, 761–768 (2000).
Reiss, Y., Proudfoot, A.E., Power, C.A., Campbell, J.J. & Butcher, E.C. CC chemokine receptor (CCR)4 and the CCR10 ligand cutaneous T cell-attracting chemokine (CTACK) in lymphocyte trafficking to inflamed skin. J. Exp. Med. 194, 1541–1547 (2001).
Cupedo, T. & Mebius, R.E. Role of chemokines in the development of secondary and tertiary lymphoid tissues. Semin. Immunol. 15, 243–248 (2003).
Hjelmstrom, P. Lymphoid neogenesis: de novo formation of lymphoid tissue in chronic inflammation through expression of homing chemokines. J. Leukoc. Biol. 69, 331–339 (2001).
Geissmann, F., Jung, S. & Littman, D.R. Blood monocytes consist of two principal subsets with distinct migratory properties. Immunity 19, 71–82 (2003).
Ancuta, P. et al. Fractalkine preferentially mediates arrest and migration of CD16+ monocytes. J. Exp. Med. 197, 1701–1707 (2003).
Boring, L., Gosling, J., Cleary, M. & Charo, I.F. Decreased lesion formation in CCR2−/− mice reveals a role for chemokines in the initiation of atherosclerosis. Nature 394, 894–897 (1998).
Izikson, L., Klein, R.S., Luster, A.D. & Weiner, H.L. Targeting monocyte recruitment in CNS autoimmune disease. Clin. Immunol. 103, 125–131 (2002).
Gong, J.H., Ratkay, L.G., Waterfield, J.D. & Clark-Lewis, I. An antagonist of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) inhibits arthritis in the MRL-lpr mouse model. J. Exp. Med. 186, 131–137 (1997).
Humbles, A.A. et al. The murine CCR3 receptor regulates both the role of eosinophils and mast cells in allergen-induced airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99, 1479–1484 (2002).
Ma, W. et al. CCR3 is essential for skin eosinophilia and airway hyperresponsiveness in a murine model of allergic skin inflammation. J. Clin. Invest. 109, 621–628 (2002).
Mathew, A., Medoff, B.D., Carafone, A.D. & Luster, A.D. Cutting edge: Th2 cell trafficking into the allergic lung is dependent on chemoattractant receptor signaling. J. Immunol. 169, 651–655 (2002).
Mathew, A. et al. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 controls chemokine production and T helper cell type 2 cell trafficking in allergic pulmonary inflammation. J. Exp. Med. 193, 1087–1096 (2001).
Luster, A.D. & Tager, A.M. T-cell trafficking in asthma: lipid mediators grease the way. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 4, 711–724 (2004).
Tager, A.M. et al. Leukotriene B4 receptor BLT1 mediates early effector T cell recruitment. Nat. Immunol. 4, 982–990 (2003).
Goodarzi, K., Goodarzi, M., Tager, A.M., Luster, A.D. & von Andrian, U.H. Leukotriene B4 and BLT1 control cytotoxic effector T cell recruitment to inflamed tissues. Nat. Immunol. 4, 965–973 (2003).
Kwon, J.H., Keates, S., Bassani, L., Mayer, L.F. & Keates, A.C. Colonic epithelial cells are a major site of macrophage inflammatory protein 3α (MIP-3α) production in normal colon and inflammatory bowel disease. Gut 51, 818–826 (2002).
Cook, D.N. et al. CCR6 mediates dendritic cell localization, lymphocyte homeostasis, and immune responses in mucosal tissue. Immunity 12, 495–503 (2000).
Matloubian, M. et al. Lymphocyte egress from thymus and peripheral lymphoid organs is dependent on S1P receptor 1. Nature 427, 355–360 (2004).
Bromley, S.K., Thomas, S.Y. & Luster, A.D. Chemokine receptor CCR7 guides T cell exit from peripheral tissues and entry into afferent lymphatics. Nat. Immunol. 6, 895–901 (2005).
Debes, G.F. et al. Chemokine receptor CCR7 required for T lymphocyte exit from peripheral tissues. Nat. Immunol. 6, 889–894 (2005).
Rosen, H. & Goetzl, E.J. Sphingosine 1-phosphate and its receptors: an autocrine and paracrine network. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 5, 560–570 (2005).