Identification of belief-based subtypes in obsessive-compulsive disorder using latent profile analysis

Abramovitch, 2015, Neuropsychological investigations in obsessive–compulsive disorder: A systematic review of methodological challenges, Psychiatry Research, 228, 112, 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.04.025 Abramowitz, 2006, The role of cognitive factors in the pathogenesis of obsessive-compulsive symptoms: A prospective study, Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44, 1361, 10.1016/j.brat.2005.09.011 Aldenderfer, 1984 American Psychiatric Association, 2013 Asparouhov, 2015, Structural equation models and mixture models with continuous nonnormal skewed distributions, Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 23, 1, 10.1080/10705511.2014.947375 Baer, 2012 Bauer, 2003, Distributional assumptions of growth mixture models: Implications for overextraction of latent trajectory classes, Psychological Methods, 8, 338, 10.1037/1082-989X.8.3.338 Beck, 1976 Blakey, 2017, Anxiety sensitivity as a predictor of outcome in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder, Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 57, 113, 10.1016/j.jbtep.2017.05.003 Bradbury, 2011, Obsessive beliefs and neurocognitive flexibility in obsessive–compulsive disorder, Psychiatry Research, 187, 160, 10.1016/j.psychres.2010.11.008 Brown, 1994 Calamari, 2006, Dysfunctional belief-based obsessive-compulsive disorder subgroups, Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44, 1347, 10.1016/j.brat.2005.10.005 Calamari, 2008, Anxiety sensitivity and obsessive—compulsive disorder, Assessment, 15, 351, 10.1177/1073191107312611 Calamari, 1999, Obsessive-compulsive disorder subgroups: A symptom-based clustering approach, Behaviour Research and Therapy, 37, 113, 10.1016/S0005-7967(98)00135-1 Calamari, 2004, Obsessive–compulsive disorder subtypes: An attempted replication and extension of a symptom-based taxonomy, Behaviour Research and Therapy, 42, 647, 10.1016/S0005-7967(03)00173-6 Cartwright-Hatton, 1997, Beliefs about worry and intrusions: The metacognitions questionnaire and its correlates, Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 11, 279, 10.1016/S0887-6185(97)00011-X Chik, 2010, What do low-dysfunctional beliefs obsessive–compulsive disorder subgroups believe?, Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 24, 837, 10.1016/j.janxdis.2010.06.006 Coles, 2003, “Not just right experiences”: Perfectionism, obsessive–compulsive features and general psychopathology, Behaviour Research and Therapy, 41, 681, 10.1016/S0005-7967(02)00044-X Federici, 2010, Consistency between self-report and clinician-administered versions of the Yale-Brown obsessive–compulsive scale, Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 24, 729, 10.1016/j.janxdis.2010.05.005 Fergus, 2019, Factor structure and further validation of the 20-item Short Form of the Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire, Assessment, 26, 984, 10.1177/1073191117745988 First, 1996 Foa, 2002, The Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory: Development and validation of a short version, Psychological Assessment, 14, 485, 10.1037/1040-3590.14.4.485 Frost, 1995, The relationship of the Yale-brown obsessive compulsive scale (YBOCS) to other measures of obsessive compulsive symptoms in a nonclinical population, Journal of Personality Assessment, 65, 158, 10.1207/s15327752jpa6501_12 Ghisi, 2010, In search of specificity: “Not just right experiences” and obsessive–compulsive symptoms in non-clinical and clinical Italian individuals, Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 24, 879, 10.1016/j.janxdis.2010.06.011 Goodman, 1989, The Yale-brown obsessive compulsive scale: II. Validity, Archives of General Psychiatry, 46, 1012, 10.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810110054008 Goodman, 1989, The Yale-brown obsessive compulsive scale: I. Development, use, and reliability, Archives of General Psychiatry, 46, 1006, 10.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810110048007 Grimm, 2017, Model selection in finite mixture models: A k-fold cross-validation approach, Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 24, 246, 10.1080/10705511.2016.1250638 Hair, 1998 Hair, 2000, Cluster analysis, 147 Julien, 2008, Specificity of belief domains in OCD: Validation of the French version of the obsessive beliefs questionnaire and a comparison across samples, Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 22, 1029, 10.1016/j.janxdis.2007.11.003 Katz, 2019, Cognitive moderation of CBT: Disorder-specific or transdiagnostic predictors of treatment response, Cognitive Therapy and Research, 43, 1, 10.1007/s10608-019-10009-y Katz, 2018, Anxiety sensitivity, obsessive beliefs, and the prediction of CBT treatment outcome for OCD, International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 11, 31, 10.1007/s41811-018-0007-z Kyrios, 2015, Predictors of response to cognitive behaviour therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder, International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 15, 181, 10.1016/j.ijchp.2015.07.003 Masyn, 2013, Latent class analysis and finite mixture modeling, Vol. 2, 551 Mataix-Cols, 2005, A multidimensional model of obsessive-compulsive disorder, American Journal of Psychiatry, 162, 228, 10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.228 Mataix-Cols, 1999, Use of factor-analyzed symptom dimensions to predict outcome with serotonin reuptake inhibitors and placebo in the treatment of obsessive– compulsive disorder, American Journal of Psychiatry, 156, 1409, 10.1176/ajp.156.9.1409 McKay, 2004, A critical evaluation of obsessive–compulsive disorder subtypes: Symptoms versus mechanisms, Clinical Psychology Review, 24, 283, 10.1016/j.cpr.2004.04.003 Muthén, 2017 Nylund, 2007, Deciding on the number of classes in latent class analysis and growth mixture modeling: A Monte Carlo simulation study, Structural Equation Modeling, 14, 535, 10.1080/10705510701575396 Oberski, 2016 Obsessive Compulsive Cognitions Working Group, 2001, Development and initial validation of the obsessive beliefs questionnaire and the interpretation of intrusions inventory, Behaviour Research and Therapy, 39, 987, 10.1016/S0005-7967(00)00085-1 Obsessive Compulsive Cognitions Working Group, 2003, Psychometric validation of the obsessive beliefs questionnaire and the interpretation of intrusions inventory: Part I, Behaviour Research and Therapy, 41, 863, 10.1016/S0005-7967(02)00099-2 Obsessive Compulsive Cognitions Working Group, 2005, Psychometric validation of the obsessive belief questionnaire and interpretation of intrusions inventory—Part 2: Factor analyses and testing of a brief version, Behaviour Research and Therapy, 43, 1527, 10.1016/j.brat.2004.07.010 Olatunji, 2019, A bifactor model of obsessive beliefs: Specificity in the prediction of obsessive- compulsive disorder symptoms, Psychological Assessment, 31, 210, 10.1037/pas0000660 Olatunji, 2013, Behavioral versus cognitive treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: An examination of outcome and mediators of change, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 81, 415, 10.1037/a0031865 Öst, 2015, Cognitive behavioral treatments of obsessive–compulsive disorder. A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published 1993–2014, Clinical Psychology Review, 40, 156, 10.1016/j.cpr.2015.06.003 Overall, 1993, Population recovery capabilities of 35 cluster analysis methods, Journal of Clinical Psychology, 49, 459, 10.1002/1097-4679(199307)49:4<459::AID-JCLP2270490402>3.0.CO;2-P Peterson, 1987, The anxiety sensitivity index: Construct validity and factor analytic structure, Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 1, 117, 10.1016/0887-6185(87)90002-8 Peterson, 1993 Polman, 2011, Dysfunctional belief-based subgroups and inferential confusion in obsessive–compulsive disorder, Personality and Individual Differences, 50, 153, 10.1016/j.paid.2010.09.017 Purdon, 1993, Obsessive intrusive thoughts in nonclinical subjects. part I. content and relation with depressive, anxious and obsessional symptoms, Behaviour Research and Therapy, 31, 713, 10.1016/0005-7967(93)90001-B Rachman, 1994, Pollution of the mind, Behaviour Research and Therapy, 32, 311, 10.1016/0005-7967(94)90127-9 Rachman, 1997, A cognitive theory of obsessions, Behaviour Research and Therapy, 35, 793, 10.1016/S0005-7967(97)00040-5 Rachman, 1998, A cognitive theory of obsessions: Elaborations, Behaviour Research and Therapy, 36, 385, 10.1016/S0005-7967(97)10041-9 Rachman, 1978, Abnormal and normal obsessions, Behaviour Research and Therapy, 16, 233, 10.1016/0005-7967(78)90022-0 Rector, 2019, Does the addition of cognitive therapy to exposure and response prevention for obsessive compulsive disorder enhance clinical efficacy? A randomized controlled trial in a community setting, British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58, 1, 10.1111/bjc.12188 Reiss, 1986, Anxiety sensitivity, anxiety frequency and the prediction of fearfulness, Behaviour Research and Therapy, 24, 1, 10.1016/0005-7967(86)90143-9 Salkovskis, 1985, Obsessional-compulsive problems: A cognitive-behavioural analysis, Behaviour Research and Therapy, 23, 571, 10.1016/0005-7967(85)90105-6 Salkovskis, 1989, Cognitive-behavioural factors and the persistence of intrusive thoughts in obsessional problems, Behaviour Research and Therapy, 27, 677, 10.1016/0005-7967(89)90152-6 Salkovskis, 1996, Cognitive-behavioral approaches to the understanding of obsessional problems, Current Controversies in the Anxiety Disorders, 103 Salkovskis, 2016, Still cognitive after all these years? Perspectives for a cognitive behavioural theory of obsessions and where we are 30 Years later, Australian Psychologist, 51, 3, 10.1111/ap.12186 Schmidt, 2019, Targeting anxiety sensitivity as A prevention strategy, 145 Schmidt, 1999, Prospective evaluation of anxiety sensitivity in the pathogenesis of panic: Replication and extension, Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 108, 532, 10.1037/0021-843X.108.3.532 Steketee, 1999 Steketee, 2014 Steketee, 1996, The Yale-brown obsessive compulsive scale: Interview versus self-report, Behaviour Research and Therapy, 34, 675, 10.1016/0005-7967(96)00036-8 Steketee, 2018, Predictors and moderators of cognitive and behavioral therapy outcomes for OCD: A patient-level mega-analysis of eight sites, Behavior Therapy, 50, 165, 10.1016/j.beth.2018.04.004 Summerfeldt, 2014, Examining an obsessive-compulsive core dimensions model: Structural validity of harm avoidance and incompleteness, Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, 3, 83, 10.1016/j.jocrd.2014.01.003 Taylor, 2006, Do dysfunctional beliefs play a role in all types of obsessive–compulsive disorder?, Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 20, 85, 10.1016/j.janxdis.2004.11.005 Taylor, 2010, How are dysfunctional beliefs related to obsessive-compulsive symptoms?, Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 24, 165, 10.1891/0889-8391.24.3.165 Tibi, 2018, The relationship between cognitions and symptoms in obsessive-compulsive disorder, Journal of Affective Disorders, 225, 495, 10.1016/j.jad.2017.08.072 Vermunt, 2002, Latent class cluster analysis, 89 Wheaton, 2010, The relationship between obsessive beliefs and symptom dimensions in obsessive-compulsive disorder, Behaviour Research and Therapy, 48, 949, 10.1016/j.brat.2010.05.027 Whittal, 2012 Wilhelm, 2006 Wolters, 2019, Mediating mechanisms in cognitive behavioral therapy for childhood OCD: The role of dysfunctional beliefs, Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 50, 173, 10.1007/s10578-018-0830-8