Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Bulkley BH, Weisfeldt ML, Hutchins GM: Asymmetric septal hypertrophy and myocardial fiber disarray. Features of normal, developing, and malformed hearts. Circulation 1977, 56:292–298.

Davies MJ: The current status of myocardial disarray in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy [editorial]. Br Heart J 1984, 51:361–363.

Maron BJ, Roberts WC: Quantitative analysis of cardiac muscle cell disorganization in the ventricular septum of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Circulation 1979, 59:689–706.

Richardson P, McKenna W, Bristow M, et al.: Report of the 1995 World Health Organization/International Society and Federation of Cardiology Task Force on the Definition and Classification of cardiomyopathies [news]. Circulation 1996, 93:841–842.

Codd MB, Sugrue DD, Gersh BJ, Melton LJ: Epidemiology of idiopathic dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. A population-based study in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1975–1984. Circulation 1989, 80:564–572.

Maron BJ, Gardin JM, Flack JM, et al.: Prevalence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in a general population of young adults. Echocardiographic analysis of 4111 subjects in the CARDIA Study. Coronary Artery Risk Development in (Young) Adults. Circulation 1995, 92:785–789.

McKenna WJ, Behr ER: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: management, risk stratification, and prevention of sudden death. Heart 2002, 87:169–176.

Elliott PM, Poloniecki J, Dickie S, et al.: Sudden death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: identification of high risk patients. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000, 36:2212–2218. This paper provides a prospective analysis of outcomes in a large cohort of HCM patients. It indicates factors associated with increased risk of sudden death and provides a statistical basis for determining individual risk and the need for treatment.

Cecchi F, Olivotto I, Montereggi A, et al.: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in Tuscany: clinical course and outcome in an unselected regional population. J Am Coll Cardiol 1995, 26:1529–1536.

Maron BJ, Casey SA, Poliac LC, et al.: Clinical course of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in a regional United States cohort. JAMA 1999, 281:650–655. [Published erratum appears in JAMA 1999, 281:2288.]

Maron BJ, Shen WK, Link MS, et al.: Efficacy of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators for the prevention of sudden death in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. N Engl J Med 2000, 342:365–373. This registry data deals with the largest cohort of HCM patients with ICDs and provides justification of device therapy as well as cautionary messages on the risks of interventions.

Stafford WJ, Trohman RG, Bilsker M, et al.: Cardiac arrest in an adolescent with atrial fibrillation and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol 1986, 7:701–704.

Olivotto I, Cecchi F, Casey SA, et al.: Impact of atrial fibrillation on the clinical course of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Circulation 2001, 104:2517–2524.

Spirito P, Maron BJ, Bonow RO, Epstein SE: Occurrence and significance of progressive left ventricular wall thinning and relative cavity dilatation in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol 1987, 60:123–129.

Knight CJ: Five years of percutaneous transluminal septal myocardial ablation. Heart 2000, 83:255–256.

SeggewissH, Faber L, Gleichmann U: Percutaneous transluminal septal ablation in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1999, 47:94–100. This study reports on the largest series of patients undergoing septal alcohol ablation, and it supports the safety and efficacy of the procedure.

Nishimura RA, Trusty JM, Hayes DL, et al.: Dualchamber pacing for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 1997, 29:435–441.

McCully RB, Nishimura RA, Tajik AJ, et al.: Extent of clinical improvement after surgical treatment of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. Circulation 1996, 94:467–471.

McKenna WJ, Harris L, Rowland E, et al.: Amiodarone for long-term management of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol 1984, 54:802–810.

Fananapazir L, Tracy CM, Leon MB, et al.: Electrophysiologic abnormalities in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. A consecutive analysis in 155 patients. Circulation 1989, 80:1259–1268.

McKenna WJ, Oakley CM, Krikler DM, Goodwin JF: Improved survival with amiodarone in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and ventricular tachycardia. Br Heart J 1985, 53:412–416.

Nicod P, Polikar R, Peterson KL: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and sudden death. N Engl J Med 1988, 318:1255–1257.

Maron BJ, Roberts WC, McAllister HA, et al.: Sudden death in young athletes. Circulation 1980, 62:218–229.

Maron BJ, Bonow RO, Cannon RO, et al.: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Interrelations of clinical manifestations, pathophysiology, and therapy (2). N Engl J Med 1987, 316:844–852.

McKenna W, Elliott PM: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. In Comprehensive Cardiovascular Medicine. Edited by Topol EJ. Philadelphia, PA: Lipincott-Raven;1998:775–798.

Pollick C, Kimball B, Henderson M, Wigle ED: Disopyramide in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. I. Hemodynamic assessment after intravenous administration. Am J Cardiol 1988, 62:1248–1251.

Pollick C: Disopyramide in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. II. Noninvasive assessment after oral administration. Am J Cardiol 1988, 62:1252–1255.

Pollick C: Muscular subaortic stenosis: hemodynamic and clinical improvement after disopyramide. N Engl J Med 1982, 307:997–999.

Doval HC, Nul DR, Grancelli HO, et al.: Randomised trial of low-dose amiodarone in severe congestive heart failure. Grupo de Estudio de la Sobrevida en la Insuficiencia Cardiaca en Argentina (GESICA). Lancet 1994, 344:493–498.

Maron BJ, Nishimura RA, McKenna WJ, et al.: Assessment of permanent dual-chamber pacing as a treatment for drug-refractory symptomatic patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a randomized, double-blind, crossover study (M-PATHY). Circulation 1999, 99:2927–2933.

Elliott PM, Sharma S, Varnava A, et al.: Survival after cardiac arrest or sustained ventricular tachycardia in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol 1999, 33:1596–1601.

Wilson WR, Greer GE, Grubb BP: Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators in children: a single-institutional experience. Ann Thorac Surg 1998, 65:775–778.

Robbins RC, Stinson EB: Long-term results of left ventricular myotomy and myectomy for obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1996, 111:586–594.