Hydraulic response of the Hippargi barrage and Almatti reservoir on the Krishna river and its tributaries, India
Tóm tắt
In the last decade or so the frequent flooding of the Krishna river has caused severe damage resulting in huge loss of property, infrastructure and livelihood, especially in the south-western part of the state of Maharashtra, India. According to media and social activists, this is caused by the Almatti Dam and the Hippargi Barrage on the Krishna River in the state of Karnataka in India, located at 198.26 and 78.80 km, respectively, downstream from the Maharashtra–Karnataka state border. Unfortunately, a scientific study has not been carried out in this respect which is the need of the hour to either accept or reject this claim. The backwater and hydraulic response of both these structures is always a cause of dispute between these two states. In this study, an unsteady flow analysis using a georeferenced HEC RAS model on the Krishna River and its two tributaries Warna and Panchganga, with a total length of 518.32 km is carried out. The resulting hydrodynamic response of the Almatti reservoir is determined by the comparative study of the water surface profile, velocity distribution and water spread area with and without this dam. The response of the Hippargi barrage is found by using this same methodology. The results show that during extreme flood situations, the backwater effect of the Hippargi barrage is up to 35 km and that of the Almatti reservoir is up to 102 km, which is far from the border between the states of Maharashtra and Karnataka, India, proving that the claim made by the media and social activists is false. It is very clear that the response of these two structures is seen within the Karnataka state boundary and does not have any impact on the flood inundation in Maharashtra, especially in the south-western districts of Kolhapur and Sangli. The methodology suggested in this work can be useful for solving intra-state, interstate or international conflicts emerging due to the existence of hydraulic structures on the downstream side of a river.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Liro M (2019) Dam reservoir backwater as a field-scale laboratory of human-induced changes in river biogeomorphology: a review focused on gravel-bed rivers. Sci Total Environ 651:2899–2912.
Volke MA, Johnson WC, Dixon MD, Scott ML (2019) Emerging reservoir delta-backwaters: biophysical dynamics and riparian biodiversity. Ecol Monogr 89(3):1–22
Yang Y, Zhang M, Zhu L, Liu W, Han J, Yang Y (2017) influence of large reservoir operation on water-levels and flows in reaches below Dam: case study of the three Gorges Reservoir. Sci Reports 7(1):1–14
Costabile P, Macchione F, Natale L, Petaccia G (2015) Comparison of scenarios with and without bridges and analysis of backwater effect in 1-D and 2-D river flood modeling. CMES Comp Model Eng Sci 109(2):81–103
Maselli V, Pellegrini C, Del Bianco F, Mercorella A, Nones M, Crose L, Guerrero M, Nittrouer JA (2018) River morphodynamic evolution under dam-induced backwater: an example from the po river (Italy). J Sediment Res 88(10):1190–12404
Amarnath CR, Thatikonda S (2020) Study on backwater effect due to Polavaram Dam Project under different return periods. Water (Switzerland), MDPI AG, 12(2).
Islam A, Guchhait SK (2017) Analysing the influence of Farakka Barrage Project on channel dynamics and meander geometry of Bhagirathi river of West Bengal, India. Arab J Geosci 10(11).
Islam A, Guchhait SK (2020) Characterizing cross-sectional morphology and channel inefficiency of lower Bhagirathi River, India, in post-Farakka barrage condition. Natural Hazards 103(3):3803–3836
Islam A, Sarkar B (2021) Analysing flood history and simulating the nature of future floods using Gumbel method and Log-Pearson Type III: the case of the Mayurakshi River Basin, India. Bull Geogr Phys Geogr Ser Sciendo 19(1):43–69
Kulkarni BD, Deshpande NR, Patwardhan SK, Bansod SD (2014) Assessing hydrological response to changing climate in the Krishna Basin of India. J Earth Sci Climatic Change 05(07).
Murthi J, Narsimhan S, Rao K (2001) Final report backwater studies upstream of Almatti dam and Hippargi barrage along Krishna river & its tributaries. Pune.
Jayram N (2020) Emergency action plan for Almatti Dam, State of Karnataka. Bengluru.
Vadnere ND (2009) Report on guidance for precise determination of reservoir releases during emergancy situations in Maharashtra.
Visweswararao M, Viswanadh GK (2016) Trap efficiency of Almatti Reservoir in Krishna basin—a case study. Int J Latest Trends Eng Technol 8(1):168–176
Dhumal HT, Thakare SB, Londhe S, Rankhambe P (2022) Effect of flood releases from reservoirs in Krishna basin of Maharashtra state. Innovative Infrastructure Solut 7(1):80
Prasad R (2001) Backwater computations For Krishna river in the reach Almatti - Sangli for Almatti FRL 524.256M.
Vedula S, Ranga Raju (2008) Mathematical modelling of backwater and sedimentation due to Almatti Dam and Hippargi Barrage.
Central Water Commission (2006) Backwater study for Almatti and Hippargi reservoirs in Karnataka. New Delhi.
Garde RJ (2007) Sstudies for prediction of bed levels of Krishna river and backwater profiles on upstream of Almatti Dam.
Hashim S, Mokhtar ES, Halim AIA, Wan Mohd WMN, Adnan NA, Pradhan B (2021) Cross section intervals of flood intervals of flood inundation mapping at ungauged area. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, IOP Publishing Ltd.
Md Ali A, di Baldassarre G, Solomatine DP (2015) Test de différents espacements entre sections en travers en modelisation hydraulique 1D : étude de cas sur la rivière Johor, en Malaisie. Hydrol Sci J 60(2):351–360
Neal JC, Odoni NA, Trigg MA, Freer JE, Garcia-Pintado J, Mason DC, Wood M, Bates PD (2015) Efficient incorporation of channel cross-section geometry uncertainty into regional and global scale flood inundation models. J Hydrol 529:169–183.
Brunner GW (2021) HEC-RAS river analysis system user’s manual. New York
Archuleta C-AM, Constance EW, Arundel ST, Lowe AJ, Mantey KS, Phillips LA (2017) The national map seamless digital elevation model specifications. Virginia.
Shukla (2009) Study of effect of Almatti Dam and Hippargi barrage on its upstream side along Krishna River.
Department of Science and Technology (2011) Report by mission for geo-spatial applications: study on backwater effect of Almatti Dam on Maharashtra. New Delhi.