Hume và phương pháp tiếp cận thực hành đối với tâm trí

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 8 - Trang 95-133 - 2008
Tom Froese1
1Centre for Computational Neuroscience and Robotics (CCNR), Centre for Research in Cognitive Science (COGS), Department of Informatics, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK

Tóm tắt

Một phần quan trọng trong công trình của David Hume là nỗ lực đưa các khoa học tự nhiên nền tảng vững chắc hơn bằng cách áp dụng phương pháp khoa học vào việc nghiên cứu bản chất con người. Cuộc điều tra này đã dẫn đến sự hiểu biết mới về tâm trí, điều này lại thông tin cho đánh giá mang tính phê phán của Hume về phạm vi và giới hạn của phương pháp khoa học. Tuy nhiên, mặc dù những suy tư này vẫn tiếp tục ảnh hưởng đến triết lý khoa học ngày nay, lý thuyết về tâm trí của ông hiện tại chủ yếu được quan tâm dưới góc độ học thuật triết học. Bài báo này nhằm chỉ ra rằng, mặc dù sự công nhận của Hume trong khoa học nhận thức cho đến nay vẫn còn hạn chế, nhưng vẫn có cơ hội để đánh giá lại công trình của ông trong bối cảnh các phát triển khoa học gần đây hơn. Cụ thể, bài viết lập luận rằng chúng ta có thể có được sự hiểu biết tốt hơn về triết lý tổng thể của ông bằng cách truy tìm sự hình thành liên tục của phương pháp tiếp cận thực hành. Đổi lại, diễn giải mới này về ‘khoa học của con người’ của Hume được sử dụng làm cơ sở cho việc xem xét tình trạng hiện tại và tương lai của khoa học nhận thức.

Từ khóa

#Hume #phương pháp thực hành #tâm trí #khoa học nhận thức #triết học khoa học

Tài liệu tham khảo

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