High-resolution 3D fabric and porosity model in a tight gas sandstone reservoir:A new approach to investigate microstructures from mm- to nm-scale combining argon beam cross-sectioning and SEM imaging

Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering - Tập 78 - Trang 243-257 - 2011
Guillaume Desbois1, Janos L. Urai1, Peter A. Kukla2, Jan Konstanty3, Claudia Baerle4
1Structural geology, Tectonics and Geomechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Lochnerstrasse 4–20, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
2Geological Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Wüllnerstr. 2, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
3Wintershall Holding AG, Friedrich-Ebert-Straße 160, 34119 Kassel, Germany
4Wintershall Holding AG, Erdölwerke Barnstorf, Rechterner Straße 2, 49406 Barnstorf, Germany

Tài liệu tham khảo

Abraham, 2007 Abramoff, 2004, Image processing with ImageJ, Biophotonics International, 11, 36 Bachmann, 1997, Development of the Rotliegend Basin in northern Germany, 103, 9 Baraka-Lokmane, 2009, Application of complementary methods for more robust characterization of sandstone cores, Mar. Pet. Geol., 26, 39, 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2007.11.003 Bashari, 1998, Diagenesis and reservoir development of sandstones in the Triassic rewan group, Bowen basin, Australia, J. Pet. Geol., 21, 445, 10.1111/j.1747-5457.1998.tb00795.x Börmann, 2006, Structural and sedimentological analysis of an early Late Rotliegendes graben based on 3D seismic and well log data, German North Sea, Pet. Geosci., 12, 195, 10.1144/1354-079305-673 Bushell, 1986, Reservoir geology of the Morecambe Field, 23, 189 Chester, 2004, Mechanisms of compaction of quartz sand at diagenetic conditions, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 220, 435, 10.1016/S0012-821X(04)00054-8 De Waal, 1986, Petrophysical core analysis of sandstones containing delicate illite Desbois, 2008, Cryogenic vitrification and 3D serial sectioning using high resolution cryo-FIB SEM technology for brine-filled grain boundaries in halite: first results, Geofluids, 8, 60, 10.1111/j.1468-8123.2007.00205.x Desbois, 2009, Morphology of the pore space in claystones — evidence from BIB/FIB ion beam sectioning and cryo-SEM observations, e-Earth, 4, 15 Dvorkin, 2009, Digital rock physics bridges scales of measurement Erdmann, 2006, Precise SEM cross-section polishing via Argon beam milling, Microsc. today, 2006, 22, 10.1017/S155192950005762X Favvas, E.P, Sapalidis, A.A., Stefanopoulos, K.L., Romanos, G.E., Kanellopoulos, N.K., Kargiotis, E.K., Mitropoulos, A.Ch., 2009. Characterization of carbonate rocks by combination of scattering, porosimetry and permeability techniques. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 120, 109–114. Gaupp, 1996, Diagenesis types and their application in diagenesis mapping, Zentralbl. Geol. Palaeontol. Teil 1, 1994, 1183 Gaupp, 1993, Diagenesis and fluids evolution of deeply buried Permian (Rotliegende) gas reservoir, Northwest Germany, AAPG Bull., 77, 1111 George, 1993, A new palaeogeographic and depositional model for the Upper Rotliegend of the UK Sector of the Southern North Sea, 73, 291 Glennie, 1986, Development of N.W. Europe's Southern Permian Gas Basin, 23, 3 Glennie, 1990 Haimson, 2007, Micromechanisms of borehole instability leading to breakouts in rocks, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 44, 157, 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2006.06.002 2005 Hildenbrand, 2003, Investigation of the morphology of pore space in mudstones — first results, Mar. Pet. Geol., 20, 1185, 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2003.07.001 Holditch, 2006, Tight gas sands, JPT, 58, 86, 10.2118/103356-MS Holt, 1994, Core damage effects on compaction behaviour, 55 Holzer L., Cantoni M., (2011). Review of FIB-tomography. In: Nanofabrication with FEB and FIB. P. Russell, I. Utke and S. Moshkalev, Oxford University Press: in press. Holzer, 2007, Cryo-FIB-nanotomography for quantitative analysis of particle structures in cement suspensions, J. Microsc., 227, 216, 10.1111/j.1365-2818.2007.01804.x Holzer, 2010, 3D-microstructure analysis of hydrated bentonite with cryo-stabilized pore water, Appl. Clay Sci., 47, 330, 10.1016/j.clay.2009.11.045 Hornapour, 2003, Whole core analysis-experience and challenges, 1 Huggett, 1982, On the nature of fibrous illite as observed by electron microscopy, Clay Miner., 17, 433, 10.1180/claymin.1982.017.4.06 Kantorowicz, 1990, The influence of variation in illite morphology on the permeability of Middle Jurassic Brent Group sandstones, Cormorant Field, UK North Sea, Mar. Pet. Geol., 7, 66, 10.1016/0264-8172(90)90057-N Kantorowicz, 1986, The role of diagenetic studies in production operations, Clay Miner., 21, 769, 10.1180/claymin.1986.021.4.19 Krabbendam, 2003, Grain size stabilisation by dispersed graphite in a high-grade quartz mylonite: an example from Naxos (Greece), J. Struct. Geol., 25, 855, 10.1016/S0191-8141(02)00086-X Lanson, 2002, Authigenic kaolin and illitic minerals during burial diagenesis of sandstones: a review, Clay Miner., 37, 1, 10.1180/0009855023710014 Law, 2002, Introduction to unconventional petroleum systems, AAPG Bull., 86, 1851 Legler, 2005, Die Entwicklung des Südlichen Permbeckens in Abhängigkeit von Tektonik, eustatischen Meeresspiegelschwankungen des Proto-Atlantiks und Klimavariabilität (Ober-Rotliegend, NW Europa), Schriftenreihe Dt Ges Geowiss., 47, 103 Lexa, 2005, Contrasting textural record of two distinct metamorphic events of similar P–T conditions and different durations, J. Metamorph. Geol., 23, 649, 10.1111/j.1525-1314.2005.00601.x Littke, 2008, 10.1007/978-3-540-85085-4 Loucks, 2009, Morphology, genesis, and distribution of nanometer-scale pores in siliceous mudstones of the Mississippian Barnett Shale, J. Sediment. Res., 79, 848, 10.2110/jsr.2009.092 Macchi, 1987, A review of sandstone illite cements and aspects of their significance to hydrocarbon exploration and development, Geol. J., 22, 333, 10.1002/gj.3350220406 McCann, 1998, Sandstone composition and provenance of the Rotliegend of the NE German Basin, Sediment. Geol., 116, 177, 10.1016/S0037-0738(97)00106-1 McCann, 1998, The Rotliegend of the NE German Basin: background and prospectivity, Pet. Geosci., 4, 17, 10.1144/petgeo.4.1.17 Menendez, 2001, Confocal scanning laser microscopy applied to the study of pore and cracks networks in rocks, Comput. Geosci., 27, 1101, 10.1016/S0098-3004(00)00151-5 2004 Mullin, 1961 Nadeau, 1998, Fundamental particles and the advancement of geoscience: response to “implications of TEM data for the concept of fundamental particles”, Can. Mineral., 36, 1409 Nadeau, 1991, Application of back-scattered electron microscopy to the quantification of clay mineral microporosity in sandstones, J. Sediment. Res., 61, 921 Nadeau, 1985, The conversion of smectite to illite during diagenesis: evidence from some illitic clays from bentonites and sandstones, Mineral. Mag., 49, 393, 10.1180/minmag.1985.049.352.10 Pallat, 1984, The relationship between permeability and the morphology of diagenetic illite in reservoirs rocks, J. Pet. Technol., 36, 2225, 10.2118/12798-PA Pape, 2005, Pore geometry of sandstone derived from pulsed field gradient NMR, J. Appl. Geophys., 58, 232, 10.1016/j.jappgeo.2005.07.002 Plein, 1995 Pollastro, 1985, Mineralogical and morphological evidence for the formation of illite at the expense of illite/smectite, Clays Clay Miner., 33, 265, 10.1346/CCMN.1985.0330401 Rahman, 1995, Response of low-permeability, illitic sandstone to drilling and completion fluids, J. Pet. Sci. Eng., 12, 309, 10.1016/0920-4105(94)00052-6 Russ, 2000 Schöner, 2006 Schöner, 2005, Contrasting red bed diagenesis: the southern and northern margin of the Central European Basin, 94, (5–6), 897 Schöner, 2008, Fluid-rock interactions Seeman, 1979, Diagenetically formed interstitial clay minerals as a factor in Rotliegend sandstone reservoir quality in the North Sea, J. Pet. Geol., 1, 55, 10.1111/j.1747-5457.1979.tb00619.x Sholokhova, 2009, Network flow modeling via lattice-Boltzmann based channel conductance, Adv. Water Res., 32, 205, 10.1016/j.advwatres.2008.10.016 Stadler, 1973, Influence of crystallographic habit and aggregate structure of authigenic clay minerals on sandstone permeability, Geol. Mijnb., 53, 217 Strömbäch, 2002, Predicting distribution of remobilized aeolian facies using sub-surface data: the Weissliegend of the UK Southern North Sea, Pet. Geosci., 8, 237, 10.1144/petgeo.8.3.237 Tiab, 1996 Tölke, 2010, Computer simulations of fluid flow in sediment: from images to permeability, Lead. Edge, 29, 68, 10.1190/1.3284055 Tono, 2008, Computing Properties from 3D Imaging Torrent, 1987, Influence of hematite on the color of the red beds, J. Sediment. Petrol., 57, 682 Underwood, 1970 Van Wess, 2000, On the origin of the Southern Permian Basin, Central Europe, Marine Petrol. Geol., 17, 43, 10.1016/S0264-8172(99)00052-5 Ward, 2005, Use of mineralogical analysis in geotechnical assessment of rock strata for coal mining, Int. J. Coal Geol., 64, 156, 10.1016/j.coal.2005.03.014 Whitney, 1993, Changes in particle morphology during illitization – an experimental study, Clays Clay Miner., 41, 209, 10.1346/CCMN.1993.0410209 Wilkinson, 2002, Fibrous illite in oilfield sandstones — a nucleation kinetic theory of growth, Terra nova, 14, 56, 10.1046/j.1365-3121.2002.00388.x Ziegler, 2006, Clay minerals of the permian Rotliegend group in the North Sea and adjacent areas, Clay Miner., 41, 355, 10.1180/0009855064110200 Zwingmann, 2008, Diagenesis evaluation in sedimentary basins for hydrocarbon exploration, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 72, A1109