High rates of impaired quality of life and social and economic problems at 6 months after COVID-19-related ARDS

Grasselli G, Zangrillo A, Zanella A, Antonelli M, Cabrini L, Castelli A, Cereda D, Coluccello A, Foti G, Fumagalli R et al (2020) Baseline characteristics and outcomes of 1591 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 admitted to ICUs of the Lombardy region, Italy. JAMA 323(16):1574–1581 Guan WJ, Ni ZY, Hu Y, Liang WH, Ou CQ, He JX, Liu L, Shan H, Lei CL, Hui DSC et al (2020) Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med 382(18):1708–1720 Elliott D, Davidson JE, Harvey MA, Bemis-Dougherty A, Hopkins RO, Iwashyna TJ, Wagner J, Weinert C, Wunsch H, Bienvenu OJ et al (2014) Exploring the scope of post-intensive care syndrome therapy and care: engagement of non-critical care providers and survivors in a second stakeholders meeting. Crit Care Med 42(12):2518–2526 Oeyen SG, Vandijck DM, Benoit DD, Annemans L, Decruyenaere JM (2010) Quality of life after intensive care: a systematic review of the literature. Crit Care Med 38(12):2386–2400 Schofield-Robinson OJ, Lewis SR, Smith AF, McPeake J, Alderson P (2018) Follow-up services for improving long-term outcomes in intensive care unit (ICU) survivors. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 11:CD012701 Carfi A, Bernabei R, Landi F (2020) Gemelli against covid-post-acute care study group: persistent symptoms in patients after acute COVID-19. JAMA 324(6):603–605 Halpin SJ, McIvor C, Whyatt G, Adams A, Harvey O, McLean L, Walshaw C, Kemp S, Corrado J, Singh R et al (2021) Postdischarge symptoms and rehabilitation needs in survivors of COVID-19 infection: a cross-sectional evaluation. J Med Virol 93(2):1013–1022 Garrigues E, Janvier P, Kherabi Y, Le Bot A, Hamon A, Gouze H, Doucet L, Berkani S, Oliosi E, Mallart E et al (2020) Post-discharge persistent symptoms and health-related quality of life after hospitalization for COVID-19. J Infect 81(6):e4–e6 Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, Zhang L, Fan G, Xu J, Gu X et al (2020) Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet 395(10223):497–506 Gonzalez J, Benitez ID, Carmona P, Santisteve S, Monge A, Moncusi-Moix A, Gort-Paniello C, Pinilla L, Carratala A, Zuil M et al (2021) Pulmonary function and radiologic features in survivors of critical COVID-19: a 3-month prospective cohort. Chest 160(1):187–198 Herridge MS, Tansey CM, Matte A, Tomlinson G, Diaz-Granados N, Cooper A, Guest CB, Mazer CD, Mehta S, Stewart TE et al (2011) Functional disability 5 years after acute respiratory distress syndrome. N Engl J Med 364(14):1293–1304 Bein T, Weber-Carstens S, Apfelbacher C (2018) Long-term outcome after the acute respiratory distress syndrome: different from general critical illness? Curr Opin Crit Care 24(1):35–40 Batawi S, Tarazan N, Al-Raddadi R, Al QE, Sindi A, Al JS, Al-Hameed FM, Arabi YM, Uyeki TM, Alraddadi BM (2019) Quality of life reported by survivors after hospitalization for Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). Health Qual Life Outcomes 17(1):101 Griffiths J, Hatch RA, Bishop J, Morgan K, Jenkinson C, Cuthbertson BH, Brett SJ (2013) An exploration of social and economic outcome and associated health-related quality of life after critical illness in general intensive care unit survivors: a 12-month follow-up study. Crit Care 17(3):R100 Marmot M (2005) Social determinants of health inequalities. Lancet 365(9464):1099–1104 Phelan JC, Link BG, Tehranifar P (2010) Social conditions as fundamental causes of health inequalities: theory, evidence, and policy implications. J Health Soc Behav 51(Suppl):S28–S40 Alter DA, Franklin B, Ko DT, Austin PC, Lee DS, Oh PI, Stukel TA, Tu JV (2014) Socioeconomic status, functional recovery, and long-term mortality among patients surviving acute myocardial infarction. PLoS One 8(6):e65130 Sa F (2020) Socioeconomic determinants of COVID-19 infections and mortality: evidence from England and. Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), Wales Takagi H, Kuno T, Yokoyama Y, Ueyama H, Matsushiro T, Hari Y, Ando T (2021) Meta-regression of COVID-19 prevalence/fatality on socioeconomic characteristics of data from top 50 U.S. large cities. J Med Virol 93(2):595–598 Consolazio D, Murtas R, Tunesi S, Gervasi F, Benassi D, Russo AG (2021) Assessing the impact of individual characteristics and neighborhood socioeconomic status during the COVID-19 pandemic in the provinces of Milan and Lodi. Int J Health Serv 51(3):311–324 Force Ards Definition Task, Ranieri VM, Rubenfeld GD, Thompson BT, Ferguson ND, Caldwell E, Fan E, Camporota L, Slutsky AS (2012) Acute respiratory distress syndrome: the Berlin definition. JAMA 307(23):2526–2533 EuroQol Group (1990) EuroQol--a new facility for the measurement of health-related quality of life. Health Policy 16(3):199–208 Finch AP, Meregaglia M, Ciani O, Roudijk B, Jommi C (2022) An EQ-5D-5L value set for Italy using videoconferencing interviews and feasibility of a new mode of administration. Soc Sci Med 292:114519 Chrispin PS, Scotton H, Rogers J, Lloyd D, Ridley SA (1997) Short Form 36 in the intensive care unit: assessment of acceptability, reliability and validity of the questionnaire. Anaesthesia 52(1):15–23 Apolone G, Mosconi P (1998) The Italian SF-36 Health Survey: translation, validation and norming. J Clin Epidemiol 51(11):1025–1036 Ware John E Jr (2003) SF-36 health survey: manual and interpretation guide Wu C, Chen X, Cai Y, Xia J, Zhou X, Xu S, Huang H, Zhang L, Zhou X, Du C et al (2020) Risk factors associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome and death in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA Intern Med 180(7):934–943 Maiolo G, Collino F, Vasques F, Rapetti F, Tonetti T, Romitti F, Cressoni M, Chiumello D, Moerer O, Herrmann P et al (2018) Reclassifying acute respiratory distress syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 197(12):1586–1595 Grasselli G, Greco M, Zanella A, Albano G, Antonelli M, Bellani G, Bonanomi E, Cabrini L, Carlesso E, Castelli G et al (2020) Risk factors associated with mortality among patients with COVID-19 in intensive care units in Lombardy, Italy. JAMA Intern Med 180(10):1345–1355 Meregaglia M, Finch AP, Malandrini F, Ciani O, Jommi C (2022) P58 EQ-5D-5L population norms for Italy. Value Health 25(1):S13 Needham DM, Davidson J, Cohen H, Hopkins RO, Weinert C, Wunsch H, Zawistowski C, Bemis-Dougherty A, Berney SC, Bienvenu OJ et al (2012) Improving long-term outcomes after discharge from intensive care unit: report from a stakeholders’ conference. Crit Care Med 40(2):502–509 Modrykamien AM (2012) The ICU follow-up clinic: a new paradigm for intensivists. Respir Care 57(5):764–772 Pandharipande PP, Girard TD, Jackson JC, Morandi A, Thompson JL, Pun BT, Brummel NE, Hughes CG, Vasilevskis EE, Shintani AK et al (2013) Long-term cognitive impairment after critical illness. N Engl J Med 369(14):1306–1316 Herridge MS, Cheung AM, Tansey CM, Matte-Martyn A, Diaz-Granados N, Al-Saidi F, Cooper AB, Guest CB, Mazer CD, Mehta S et al (2003) One-year outcomes in survivors of the acute respiratory distress syndrome. N Engl J Med 348(8):683–693 Herridge MS, Moss M, Hough CL, Hopkins RO, Rice TW, Bienvenu OJ, Azoulay E (2016) Recovery and outcomes after the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in patients and their family caregivers. Intensive Care Med 42(5):725–738 Neufeld KJ, Leoutsakos JS, Yan H, Lin S, Zabinski JS, Dinglas VD, Hosey MM, Parker AM, Hopkins RO, Needham DM (2020) Fatigue symptoms during the first year following ARDS. Chest 158(3):999–1007 Dowdy DW, Eid MP, Dennison CR, Mendez-Tellez PA, Herridge MS, Guallar E, Pronovost PJ, Needham DM (2006) Quality of life after acute respiratory distress syndrome: a meta-analysis. Intensive Care Med 32(8):1115–1124 Honigsbaum M, Krishnan L (2020) Taking pandemic sequelae seriously: from the Russian influenza to COVID-19 long-haulers. Lancet 396(10260):1389–1391 Tansey CM, Louie M, Loeb M, Gold WL, Muller MP, de Jager J, Cameron JI, Tomlinson G, Mazzulli T, Walmsley SL et al (2007) One-year outcomes and health care utilization in survivors of severe acute respiratory syndrome. Arch Intern Med 167(12):1312–1320 Lam MH, Wing YK, Yu MW, Leung CM, Ma RC, Kong AP, So WY, Fong SY, Lam SP (2009) Mental morbidities and chronic fatigue in severe acute respiratory syndrome survivors: long-term follow-up. Arch Intern Med 169(22):2142–2147 Ahmed H, Patel K, Greenwood DC, Halpin S, Lewthwaite P, Salawu A, Eyre L, Breen A, O'Connor R, Jones A et al (2020) Long-term clinical outcomes in survivors of severe acute respiratory syndrome and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus outbreaks after hospitalisation or ICU admission: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Rehabil Med 52(5):jrm00063 Nalbandian A, Sehgal K, Gupta A, Madhavan MV, McGroder C, Stevens JS, Cook JR, Nordvig AS, Shalev D, Sehrawat TS et al (2021) Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome. Nat Med 27(4):601–615 Davis HE, Assaf GS, Mccorkell L, Wei H, Low RJ, Re'em Y, Redfield S, Austin JP, Akrami A (2021) Characterizing long COVID in an international Cohort: 7 months of symptoms and their impact. EClinicalMedicine 38:101019 medRxiv 2020:2020.2012.2024.20248802 Rogers JP, Chesney E, Oliver D, Pollak TA, McGuire P, Fusar-Poli P, Zandi MS, Lewis G, David AS (2020) Psychiatric and neuropsychiatric presentations associated with severe coronavirus infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis with comparison to the COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet Psychiatry 7(7):611–627 Li X, Ma X (2020) Acute respiratory failure in COVID-19: is it "typical" ARDS? Crit Care 24(1):198 Brown SM, Wilson E, Presson AP, Zhang C, Dinglas VD, Greene T, Hopkins RO, Needham DM (2017) with the National Institutes of Health Nhlbi Ards Network: predictors of 6-month health utility outcomes in survivors of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Thorax 72(4):311–317 Schelling G, Stoll C, Vogelmeier C, Hummel T, Behr J, Kapfhammer HP, Rothenhausler HB, Haller M, Durst K, Krauseneck T et al (2000) Pulmonary function and health-related quality of life in a sample of long-term survivors of the acute respiratory distress syndrome. Intensive Care Med 26(9):1304–1311 Luyt CE, Combes A, Becquemin MH, Beigelman-Aubry C, Hatem S, Brun AL, Zraik N, Carrat F, Grenier PA, Richard JM et al (2012) Long-term outcomes of pandemic 2009 influenza A(H1N1)-associated severe ARDS. Chest 142(3):583–592 Valent A, Dudoignon E, Ressaire Q, Depret F, Plaud B (2020) Three-month quality of life in survivors of ARDS due to COVID-19: a preliminary report from a French academic centre. Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med 39(6):740–741 Monti G, Leggieri C, Fominskiy E, Scandroglio AM, Colombo S, Tozzi M, Moizo E, Mucci M, Crivellari M, Pieri M et al (2021) Two-months quality of life of COVID-19 invasively ventilated survivors; an Italian single-center study. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 65(7):912–920 Gamberini L, Mazzoli CA, Sintonen H, Colombo D, Scaramuzzo G, Allegri D, Tonetti T, Zani G, Capozzi C, Giampalma E et al (2021) Quality of life of COVID-19 critically ill survivors after ICU discharge: 90 days follow-up. Qual Life Res 30(10):2805–2817 Rass V, Ianosi BA, Zamarian L, Beer R, Sahanic S, Lindner A, Kofler M, Schiefecker AJ, Mahlknecht P, Heim B et al (2022) Factors associated with impaired quality of life three months after being diagnosed with COVID-19. Qual Life Res 31(5):1401–1414 Lee M, Kang J, Jeong YJ (2020) Risk factors for post-intensive care syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Aust Crit Care 33(3):287–294 Kamdar BB, Suri R, Suchyta MR, Digrande KF, Sherwood KD, Colantuoni E, Dinglas VD, Needham DM, Hopkins RO (2020) Return to work after critical illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Thorax 75(1):17–27 Shah R, Ali FM, Nixon SJ, Ingram JR, Salek SM, Finlay AY (2021) Measuring the impact of COVID-19 on the quality of life of the survivors, partners and family members: a cross-sectional international online survey. BMJ Open 11(5):e047680 Herd P, Goesling B, House JS (2007) Socioeconomic position and health: the differential effects of education versus income on the onset versus progression of health problems. J Health Soc Behav 48(3):223–238 Stronks K, van de Mheen H, van den Bos J, Mackenbach JP (1997) The interrelationship between income, health and employment status. Int J Epidemiol 26(3):592–600 OECD, European Observatory on Health Systems Policies: Italy: Country Health Profile 2019; 2019. Sanfelici M, Gui L, Mordeglia S (2020) Il Servizio Sociale nell’emergenza Covid-19. Franco Angeli, Milano Taboada M, Moreno E, Carinena A, Rey T, Pita-Romero R, Leal S, Sanduende Y, Rodriguez A, Nieto C, Vilas E et al (2021) Quality of life, functional status, and persistent symptoms after intensive care of COVID-19 patients. Br J Anaesth 126(3):e110–e113 Latronico N, Peli E, Calza S, Rodella F, Novelli MP, Cella A, Marshall J, Needham DM, Rasulo FA, Piva S et al (2022) Physical, cognitive and mental health outcomes in 1-year survivors of COVID-19-associated ARDS. Thorax 77(3):300–303 Biehl M, Kashyap R, Ahmed AH, Reriani MK, Ofoma UR, Wilson GA, Li G, Malinchoc M, Sloan JA, Gajic O (2015) Six-month quality-of-life and functional status of acute respiratory distress syndrome survivors compared to patients at risk: a population-based study. Crit Care 19:356