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Hướng Dẫn Lựa Chọn Người Hiến Tim Ghép: Tổng Quan và Khuyến Nghị
Tóm tắt
Tỷ lệ phẫu thuật ghép tim, mặc dù đang tăng trưởng ổn định, vẫn không đủ để đáp ứng danh sách ngày càng nhiều các ứng viên cần ghép. Những người hiến tặng bên ngoài tiêu chuẩn mở rộng nguồn người hiến. Tuy nhiên, các tiêu chí được sử dụng để xác định người hiến rất khác nhau giữa các cơ sở. Báo cáo ghép tim của Hiệp hội Quốc tế về Ghép Tim và Phổi (ISHLT) năm 2020 đã củng cố tầm quan trọng của tiêu chí lựa chọn người hiến đối với kết quả ghép tim. Tài liệu hiện có vừa thách thức vừa củng cố các phát hiện trong báo cáo. Những phương pháp mới hơn, chẳng hạn như hiến tặng sau khi tử vong tuần hoàn (DCD), cũng đặt lại bối cảnh cho các tiêu chí lựa chọn người hiến hiện có. Các mô hình dự đoán ghép từ các cơ sở dữ liệu quốc tế là những dự đoán kém đối với kết quả của các trung tâm cá nhân. Cần nghiên cứu thêm để hiểu rõ hơn mối quan hệ giữa các yếu tố rủi ro của người hiến và cập nhật các phương pháp dùng để lựa chọn tim từ người hiến. Trong bài tổng quan này, chúng tôi xem xét tài liệu hiện có về tiêu chí người hiến mở rộng và đề xuất một mô hình cho việc lựa chọn người hiến.
Từ khóa
#ghép tim #người hiến #tiêu chí lựa chọn #báo cáo ISHLT #DCDTài liệu tham khảo
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