Health and economic benefits of building ventilation interventions for reducing indoor PM2.5 exposure from both indoor and outdoor origins in urban Beijing, China

AQSIQ, 2008 AQSIQ, 2008 AQSIQ, 2008 AQSIQ, 2010 AQSIQ, 2011 AQSIQ, 2013 Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics, NBS Survey Office in Beijing BMCUP, 2012 Cao, 2011, Association between long-term exposure to outdoor air pollution and mortality in China: a cohort study, J. Hazard. Mater., 186, 1594, 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.12.036 Chen, 2011, Review of relationship between indoor and outdoor particles: I/O ratio, infiltration factor and penetration factor, Atmos Environ., 45, 275, 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.09.048 Chen, 2016, Impact of the external window crack structure on indoor PM2.5 mass concentration, Build. Environ., 108, 240, 10.1016/j.buildenv.2016.08.031 Cohen, 2017, Estimates and 25-year trends of the global burden of disease attributable to ambient air pollution: an analysis of data from the global burden of diseases study 2015, Lancet, 389, 1907, 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30505-6 Dimitroulopoulou, 2006, INDAIR: a probabilistic model of indoor air pollution in UK homes, Atmos. Environ., 40, 6362, 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.05.047 Fabian, 2012, Simulating indoor concentrations of NO2 and PM2.5 in multifamily housing for use in health-based intervention modelling, Indoor Air, 22, 12, 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2011.00742.x Fang, 2016, Mortality effects assessment of ambient PM2.5 pollution in the 74 leading cities of China, Sci. Total Environ., 569–570, 1545, 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.248 Gao, 2013, Determination of size-dependent source emission rate of cooking-generated aerosol particles at the oil-heating stage in an experimental kitchen, Aerosol Air Qual. Res., 13, 488, 10.4209/aaqr.2012.09.0238 Hänninen, 2013 He, 2004, Measurement of emissions of fine particulate organic matter from Chinese cooking, Atmos Environ., 38, 6557, 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.08.034 He, 2004, Contribution from indoor sources to particle number and mass concentrations in residential houses, Atmos. Environ., 38, 3405, 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.03.027 Huang, 2013, Health benefit evaluation for PM2.5 pollution control in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region of China, China Environ. Sci., 33, 166 Ji, 2015, Contribution of outdoor-originating particles, indoor-emitted particles and indoor secondary organic aerosol (SOA) to residential indoor PM2.5 concentration: a model-based estimation, Build. Environ., 90, 196, 10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.04.006 Ji, 2015, Estimating mortality derived from indoor exposure to particles of outdoor origin, PLoS One, 10, 10.1371/journal.pone.0124238 Kan, 2004, Particulate air pollution in urban areas of Shanghai, China: health-based economic assessment, Sci. Total Environ., 322, 71, 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2003.09.010 Klepeis, 2001, The national human activity pattern survey (NHAPS): a resource for assessing exposure to environmental pollutions, J. Expo. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol., 11, 231, 10.1038/sj.jea.7500165 Lee, 2001, Indoor air quality at restaurants with different styles of cooking in metropolitan Hong Kong, Sci. Total Environ., 279, 181, 10.1016/S0048-9697(01)00765-3 Long, 2000, Characterization of indoor particle sources using continuous mass and size monitors, J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc., 50, 1236, 10.1080/10473289.2000.10464154 Lü, 2016, Health economic evaluation of PM10 and PM2.5 pollution in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region of China, Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Nankaiensis, 49, 69 McGrath, 2017, PM exposure variations due to different time activity profile simulations within a single dwelling, Build. Environ., 116, 55, 10.1016/j.buildenv.2017.02.002 MEP Milner, 2015, What should the ventilation objectives be for retrofit energy efficiency interventions of dwellings?, Build. Serv. Eng. Res. Technol., 36, 221, 10.1177/0143624414566243 MOHURD, 2010 MOHURD, 2012 Montgomery, 2015, Financial implications of modifications to building filtration systems, Build. Environ., 85, 17, 10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.11.005 Ozkaynak, 1996, Personal exposure to airborne particles and metals: results from the particle team study in Riverside, California, J. Expo. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol., 6, 57 Pope, 2002, Lung cancer, cardiopulmonary mortality, and long-term exposure to fine particulate air pollution, JAMA, J. Am. Med. Assoc., 287, 1132, 10.1001/jama.287.9.1132 Shang, 2013, Systematic review of Chinese studies of short-term exposure to air pollution and daily mortality, Environ. Int., 54, 100, 10.1016/j.envint.2013.01.010 Shi, 2015, Air infiltration rate distributions of residences in Beijing, Build. Environ., 92, 528, 10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.05.027 Shi, 2017, Modifications of exposure to ambient particulate matter: tackling bias in using ambient concentration as surrogate with particle infiltration factor and ambient exposure factor, Environ. Pollut., 220, 337, 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.09.069 Shrubsole, 2012, Indoor PM2.5 exposure in London's domestic stock: modelling current and future exposures following energy efficient refurbishment, Atmos. Environ., 62, 336, 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.08.047 Song, 2017, Health burden attributable to ambient PM2.5 in China, Environ. Pollut., 223, 575, 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.01.060 Spilak, 2014, Evaluation of building characteristics in 27 dwellings in Denmark and the effect of using particle filtration units on PM2.5 concentrations, Build. Environ., 73, 55, 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.11.020 Stephens, 2015, Building design and operational choices that impact indoor exposures to outdoor particulate matter inside residences, Sci. Technol. Built Eng., 21, 3, 10.1080/10789669.2014.961849 Stephens, 2016, Selecting ventilation air filters to reduce PM2.5 of outdoor origin, ASHRAE J., 58, 12 Stephens, 2012, Comparison of test methods for determining the particle removal efficiency of filters in residential and light-commercial central HVAC systems, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 46, 504, 10.1080/02786826.2011.642825 Stephens, 2010, Energy implications of filtration in residential and light-commercial buildings, ASHRAE Trans., 116, 346 Viscusi, 2003, The value of a statistical life: a critical review of market estimates throughout the world, J. Risk Uncertain., 27, 5, 10.1023/A:1025598106257 Wan, 2011, Ultrafine particles and PM2.5 generated from cooking in homes, Atmos. Environ., 45, 6141, 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.08.036 World Health Organization (WHO), 2006 Xie, 2011 Xie, 2014, An assessment of PM2.5 related health risks and impaired values of Beijing residents in a consecutive high-level exposure during heavy haze days, Environ. Sci., 35, 1 Zhang, 2014, Long-term exposure to high particulate matter pollution and cardiovascular mortality: a 12-year cohort study in four cities in northern China, Environ. Int., 62, 41, 10.1016/j.envint.2013.09.012 Zhao, 2015, Evaluating the long-term health and economic impacts of central residential air filtration for reducing premature mortality associated with indoor fine particulate matter (PM2.5) of outdoor origin, Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 12, 8448, 10.3390/ijerph120708448 Zhou, 2012, Population inhalation exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and associated lung cancer risk in Beijing region: contributions of indoor and outdoor sources and exposures, Atmos. Environ., 62, 472, 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.08.059 Zuraimi, 2007, Estimates of associated outdoor particulate matter health risk and costs reductions from alternative building, ventilation and filtration scenarios, Sci. Total Environ., 377, 1, 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.01.090 Zuraimi, 2015, Impact of residential building regulations on reducing indoor exposures to outdoor PM2.5 in Toronto, Build. Environ., 89, 336, 10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.03.010