Gynecologic consequences of bacterial vaginosis

Kent, 1991, Epidemiology of vaginitis, Am J Obstet Gynecol, 165, 1168, 10.1016/S0002-9378(12)90722-X

Louv, 1988, A clinical trial of nonoxynol-9 for preventing gonococcal and chlamydial infections, J Infect Dis, 158, 518, 10.1093/infdis/158.3.518

Eschenbach, 1989, Prevalence of hydrogen peroxide-producing Lactobacillus species in normal women and women with bacterial vaginosis, J Clin Microbiol, 27, 251, 10.1128/JCM.27.2.251-256.1989

Paavonen, 1983, Physiology and ecology of the vagina, Scand J Infect Dis, S40, 31

Redondo-Lopez, 1990, Emerging role of lactobacilli in the control and maintenance of the vaginal bacterial microflora, Rev Infect Dis, 12, 856, 10.1093/clinids/12.5.856

Barefoot, 1983, Detection activity of lactacin B: a bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus acidophilus, Appl Environ Microbiol, 45, 1808, 10.1128/AEM.45.6.1808-1815.1983

Saigh, 1978, Inhibition of Neisseria gonorrhoeae by aerobic and facultatively anaerobic components of the endocervical flora: evidence for a protective effect against infection, Infect Immun, 19, 704, 10.1128/IAI.19.2.704-710.1978

Skarin, 1986, Vaginal lactobacilli inhibiting growth of Gardnerella vaginalis, Mobiluncus and other bacterial species cultured from vaginal content of women with bacterial vaginosis, Acta Path Microbiol Immunol Scand B, 94, 399

Zheng, 1994, Effects of H2O2-producing lactobacilli on Neisseria gonorrhoeae growth and catalase activity, J Infect Dis, 170, 1209, 10.1093/infdis/170.5.1209

Klebanoff, 1991, Control of the microbial flora of the vagina by H2O2 -generating lactobacilli, J Infect Dis, 164, 94, 10.1093/infdis/164.1.94

Klebanoff, 1991, Viricidal effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus on human immunodeficiency virus type I: possible role in heterosexual transmission, J Exp Med, 174, 289, 10.1084/jem.174.1.289

Wølner-Hanssen, 1989, Clinical manifestations of vaginal trichomoniasis, JAMA, 261, 571, 10.1001/jama.1989.03420040109029

Thomason, 1988, Comparison of four methods to detect Trichomonas vaginalis, J Clin Microbiol, 26, 1869, 10.1128/JCM.26.9.1869-1870.1988

Boris, 1998, Adherence of human vaginal lactobacilli to vaginal epithelial cells and interaction with uropathogens, Infect Immun, 66, 1985, 10.1128/IAI.66.5.1985-1989.1998

Amsel, 1983, Non-specific vaginitis: diagnostic and microbial and epidemiological associations, Am J Med, 74, 14, 10.1016/0002-9343(83)91112-9

2002, 2002 sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines, MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 51, 1

Joesoef, 1999, Bacterial vaginosis: review of treatment options and potential clinical indications for therapy, Clin Infect Dis, 28, S57, 10.1086/514725

Eschenbach, 1993, Bacterial vaginosis and anaerobes in obstetric-gynecologic infection, Clin Infect Dis, 16, S282, 10.1093/clinids/16.Supplement_4.S282

Soper, 1990, Bacterial vaginosis and trichomoniasis vaginitis are risk factors for cuff cellulitis after abdominal hysterectomy, Am J Obstet Gynecol, 163, 1016, 10.1016/0002-9378(90)91115-S

Larsson, 1989, Mobiluncus and clue cells as predictors of PID after first-trimester abortion, Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand, 68, 217, 10.3109/00016348909020992

Larsson, 1992, Incidence of pelvic inflammatory disease after first trimester legal abortion in women with bacterial vaginosis after treatment with metronidazole: a double-blind, randomized study, Am J Obstet Gynecol, 166, 100, 10.1016/0002-9378(92)91838-2

Harmanli, 2000, Urinary tract infections in women with bacterial vaginosis, Obstet Gynecol, 95, 710, 10.1016/S0029-7844(99)00632-8

Gupta, 1998, Inverse association of H202-producing lactobacilli and vaginal Escherichia coli colonization in women with recurrent urinary tract infection, J Infect Dis, 178, 446, 10.1086/515635

Martin, 1999, Vaginal lactobacilli, microbial flora, and risk of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and sexually transmitted disease acquisition, J Infect Dis, 180, 1863, 10.1086/315127

Wiesenfeld, 2003, Bacterial vaginosis is a strong predictor of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis infection, Clin Infect Dis, 36, 663, 10.1086/367658

Martin, 1999, Vaginal lactobacilli, microbial flora, and risk of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and sexually transmitted disease acquisition, J Infect Dis, 180, 1863, 10.1086/315127

Paavonen, 1986, Etiology of cervical inflammation, Am J Obstet Gynecol, 154, 556, 10.1016/0002-9378(86)90601-0

Paavonen, 1989, Randomized treatment of mucopurulent cervicitis with doxycycline or amoxicillin, Am J Obstet Gynecol, 161, 128, 10.1016/0002-9378(89)90249-4

Moi, 1990, Prevalence of bacterial vaginosis and its association with genital infections, inflammation and contraceptive methods in women attending sexually transmitted disease and primary health clinics, Int J STD AIDS, 1, 86, 10.1177/095646249000100203

Brunham, 1984, Mucopurulent cervicitis: the ignored counterpart in women of urethritis in men, N Engl J Med, 311, 1, 10.1056/NEJM198407053110101

Schwebke, 2002, Interrelationships of bacterial vaginosis and cervical inflammation, Sex Transm Dis, 29, 59, 10.1097/00007435-200201000-00010

Schwebke, 1995, Pilot study to evaluate the appropriate management of patients with coexistent bacterial vaginosis and cervicitis, Inf Dis Obstet Gynecol, 3, 119, 10.1155/S1064744995000445

Yudin M., Landers D., Hillier S. Cytokine profiles in response to bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy before and after treatment with oral or vaginal metronidazole. In Programs and Abstracts of the Infectious Disease Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Banff, Canada, August 8–10, 2002

Holmes, 1975, Etiology of nongonococcal urethritis, N Engl J Med, 292, 1199, 10.1056/NEJM197506052922301

Keane, 1997, An association between non-gonococcal urethritis and bacterial vaginosis and the implications for patients and their sexual partners, Genitourin Med, 73, 373

Korn, 1995, Plasma cell endometritis in women with symptomatic bacterial vaginosis, Obstet Gynecol, 85, 387, 10.1016/0029-7844(94)00400-8

Wiesenfeld, 2002, Lower genital tract infection and endometritis: insight into subclinical pelvic inflammatory disease, Obstet Gynecol, 100, 456, 10.1016/S0029-7844(02)02118-X

Wasserheit, 1986, Microbial causes of proven pelvic inflammatory disease and efficacy of clindamycin and tobramycin, Ann Intern Med, 104, 187, 10.7326/0003-4819-104-2-187

Paavonen, 1987, Microbiological and histopathological findings in acute pelvic inflammatory disease, Br J Obstet Gynecol, 94, 454, 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1987.tb03125.x

Sweet, 1986, Pelvic inflammatory disease, Sex Transm Dis, 13, 192, 10.1097/00007435-198607000-00020

Sweet, 1995, Role of bacterial vaginosis in pelvic inflammatory disease, Clin Infect Dis, 20, S271, 10.1093/clinids/20.Supplement_2.S271

Jacobsen, 1969, Objectivised diagnosis of acute pelvic inflammatory disease: diagnostic and prognostic value of routine laparoscopy, Am J Obstet Gynecol, 105, 1088, 10.1016/0002-9378(69)90132-X

Soper, 1994, Observations concerning the microbial etiology of acute salpingitis, Am J Obstet Gynecol, 170, 1008, 10.1016/S0002-9378(94)70094-X

Eschenbach, 1975, Polymicrobial etiology of acute pelvic inflammatory disease, N Engl J Med, 293, 166, 10.1056/NEJM197507242930403

Sweet, 1979, Use of laparoscopy to determine the microbiologic etiology of acute salpingitis, Am J Obstet Gynecol, 134, 68, 10.1016/0002-9378(79)90798-1

Platz-Christensen, 1994, Bacterial vaginosis and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand, 73, 586, 10.3109/00016349409006278

Eltabbakh, 1995, Value of wet mount and cervical cultures at the time of cervical cytology in asymptomatic women, Obstet Gynecol, 85, 499, 10.1016/0029-7844(94)00450-R

Cohen, 1995, Bacterial vaginosis and HIV seroprevalence among female commercial sex workers in Chiang Mai, Thailand, AIDS, 9, 1093, 10.1097/00002030-199509000-00017

Sewankambo, 1997, HIV-1 infection associated with abnormal vaginal flora morphology and bacterial vaginosis, Lancet, 350, 546, 10.1016/S0140-6736(97)01063-5

Royce, 1999, Bacterial vaginosis associated with HIV infection in pregnant women from North Carolina, J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol, 20, 382, 10.1097/00042560-199904010-00009

Taha, 1998, Bacterial vaginosis and disturbances of vaginal flora: association with increased acquisition of HIV, AIDS, 12, 1699, 10.1097/00002030-199813000-00019

Cu-Uvin, 1999, Prevalence of lower genital tract infections among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive and high-risk HIV-seronegative women: HIV epidemiology research study group, Clin Infect Dis, 29, 1145, 10.1086/313434

Hill, 1992, Human vaginal leukocytes and the effects of vaginal fluid on lymphocyte and macrophage defense functions, Am J Obstet Gynecol, 166, 720, 10.1016/0002-9378(92)91703-D

Sturm-Ramirez, 2000, High levels of tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1 in bacterial vaginosis may increase susceptibility to human immunodeficiency virus, J Infect Dis, 182, 467, 10.1086/315713

Hashemi, 2000, Induction of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 expression by anaerobes associated with bacterial vaginosis, J Infect Dis, 181, 1574, 10.1086/315455

Cu-Uvin, 2001, Association between bacterial vaginosis and expression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA in the female genital tract, Clin Infect Dis, 33, 894, 10.1086/322613

Wawer, 1999, Control of sexually transmitted diseases for AIDS prevention in Uganda: a randomized community trial. Rakai Project Study Group, Lancet, 353, 525, 10.1016/S0140-6736(98)06439-3