Gut brain axis: an insight into microbiota role in Parkinson’s disease

Metabolic Brain Disease - Tập 36 - Trang 1545-1557 - 2021
Sara Ayman Moustafa1, Shrouk Mohamed2, Abdelhameed Dawood3, Jihan Azar1, Ekramy Elmorsy4,5, Noura A. M. Rizk6, Mohamed Salama1,4,7
1Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology (IGHHE) Graduate Program, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt
2Nanotechnology Graduate Program, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt
3Biotechnology Graduate Program, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt
4Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
5Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University-ARAR, North Region, Arar, Saudi Arabia
6Molecular, Genetic and Population Health Sciences, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
7Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

Tóm tắt

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common progressive neurodegenerative diseases. It is characterized neuropathologically by the presence of alpha-synuclein containing Lewy Bodies in the substantia nigra of the brain with loss of dopaminergic neurons in the pars compacta of the substantia nigra. The presence of alpha-synuclein aggregates in the substantia nigra and the enteric nervous system (ENS) drew attention to the possibility of a correlation between the gut microbiota and Parkinson’s disease. The gut-brain axis is a two-way communication system, which explains how through the vagus nerve, the gut microbiota can affect the central nervous system (CNS), including brain functions related to the ENS, as well as how CNS can alter various gut secretions and immune responses. As a result, this dysbiosis or alteration in gut microbiota can be an early sign of PD with reported changes in short chain fatty acids, bile acids, and lipids. This gave rise to the use of probiotics and faecal microbiota transplantation as alternative approaches to improve the symptoms of patients with PD. The aim of this review is to discuss investigations that have been done to explore the gastrointestinal involvement in Parkinson’s disease, the effect of dysbiosis, and potential therapeutic strategies for PD.

Tài liệu tham khảo

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