Growth of dislocation clusters during directional solidification of multicrystalline silicon ingots

Acta Materialia - Tập 59 Số 20 - Trang 7703-7710 - 2011
Birgit Ryningen1, Gaute Stokkan1, Maulid Kivambe1, Torunn Ervik1, O. Lohne1
1Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Institute for Material Science and Engineering, Trondheim, Norway

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Pizzini, 1988, Influence of extended defects and native impurities on the electrical properties of directionally solidified polycrystalline silicon, J Electrochem Soc, 135, 155, 10.1149/1.2095543

Macdonald, 1999, Response to phosphorus gettering of different regions of cast multicrystalline silicon ingots, Solid State Electron, 43, 575, 10.1016/S0038-1101(98)00283-4

Sopori, 2005, Efficiency limitations of multicrystalline silicon solar cells due to defect clusters, Mater Res Soc Symp Proc, 864, 233, 10.1557/PROC-864-E6.2

Ryningen B, Sultana KS, Stubhaug E, Lohne O, Hjemås PC. Dislocation clusters in multicrystalline silicon. In: 22nd European photovoltaic solar energy conference, WIP-Munich, Milan, Italy; 2007.

Möller, 2005, Multicrystalline siliconfor solar cells, Thin Solid Films, 487, 179, 10.1016/j.tsf.2005.01.061

Reimann C, Trempa M, Meissner E, Friedrich J. Systematic investigation on dislocation formation during directional solidification of multi-crystalline silicon. In: 4th International workshop on science and technology of crystalline silicon solar cells, Taipei, Taiwan; 2010.

Würzner, 2010, The relationship between microstructure and dislocation density distribution in multicrystalline silicon, J Appl Phys, 108, 083516, 10.1063/1.3488643

Odland I, Stokkan G. Mechanisms for formation of dislocations near the bottom of a multicrystalline silicon ingot. In: 4th International workshop on science and technology of crystalline silicon solar cells, Taipei, Taiwan; 2010.

Alexander, 1968

Franke, 2002, Silicon ingot casting: process development by numerical simulations, Solar Energy Mater Solar Cells, 72, 83, 10.1016/S0927-0248(01)00153-2

M’Hamdi M, Olsen E. Analysis of dislocation multiplication during multicrystalline silicon ingot casting. In: 21stEuropean photovoltaic solar energy conference, WIP-Munich, Dresden, Germany; 2006.

Nakano, 2011, Numerical analysis of cooling rate dependence on dislocation density in multicrystalline silicon for solar cells, J Cryst Growth, 318, 280, 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2010.11.009

Takahashi, 2010, Generation mechanism of dislocations during directional solidification of multicrystalline silicon using artificially designed seed, J Cryst Growth, 312, 897, 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2010.01.011

Ryningen B. Formation and growth of crystal defects in directionally solidified multicrystalline silicon fro solar cells. Doctoral thesis, NTNU, Trondheim; 2008. p. 103.

Olsen E, Nordmark H, Øvrelid E. Studies of selected silicon feedstock impurities on properties of multicrystalline silicon ingots. In: 20th European photovoltaic solar energy conference, WIP-Munich, Paris, France; 2004.

Sopori, 1984, A new defect etch for polycrystalline silicon, J Electrochem Soc, 131, 667, 10.1149/1.2115670

M’Hamdi, 2006, Thermo-mechanical analysis of directional crystallisation of multi-crystalline silicon ingots, Mater Sci Forum, 508, 597, 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.508.597

Ervik T, Kivambe M, Stokkan G, Ryningen B, Lohne O. Dislocation formation at Σ=27a boundaries in multicrystalline silicon for solar cells. In: 26th European photovoltaic solar energy conference, WIP-Munich, Hamburg, Germany; 2011.

Ryningen B, Stokkan G, Lohne O. Growth of dislocation clusters in directionally solidified multicrystalline silicon. In: 23rd European photovoltaic solar energy conference, WIP-Munich, Valencia, Spain; 2008.

Hull, 2001

Hirth, 1982

Lohne, 1972, A dislocation multiplication mechanism operating close to a surface, Philos Mag, 25, 529, 10.1080/14786437208228890

Authier, 1964, Three-dimensional X-ray topographic studies of internal dislocation sources in silicon, J Appl Phys, 35, 1956, 10.1063/1.1713778

Maurice, 1993, High temperature plane strain compression of cube oriented aluminium crystals, Acta Metall Mater, 41, 1653, 10.1016/0956-7151(93)90185-U

Hornstra, 1958, Dislocations in the diamond lattice, J Phys Chem Solids, 5, 129, 10.1016/0022-3697(58)90138-0

Greiner, 1955, Plastic deformation of germanium and silicon by torsion, J Metals, 7, 203

Holt, 1963, Direct observations of the geometry of defects in germanium, Philos Mag, 8, 1921, 10.1080/14786436308209082

Fujiwara, 2002, In situ observations of crystal growth behavior of silicon melt, J Cryst Growth, 243, 275, 10.1016/S0022-0248(02)01521-X