Bản đồ tiềm năng nước ngầm sử dụng quyết định đa tiêu chí, thống kê nhị biến và thuật toán học máy: bằng chứng từ cao nguyên Chota Nagpur, Ấn Độ

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - 2022
Md. Hasanuzzaman1, Mehedi Hasan Mandal2, Md Hasnine3, Pravat Kumar Shit1
1PG Department of Geography, Raja N. L. Khan Women’s College (Autonomous), Gope Palace, Midnapore, West Bengal, 721102, India
2Department of Geography, Krishnagar Government College, Krishnagar, West Bengal, India
3Department of Geography, Aliah University, Kolkata, India

Tóm tắt

Tóm tắtTăng cường tiêu thụ nguồn nước do sự gia tăng dân số nhanh chóng chắc chắn đã làm giảm trữ lượng nước ngầm dưới lòng đất, dẫn đến một số thách thức cho con người trong thời gian gần đây. Để quản lý tốt nguồn tài nguyên quan trọng này, việc khám phá khu vực tiềm năng nước ngầm (GWPZ) đã trở nên cần thiết. Chúng tôi đã áp dụng Quy trình Phân tích Hierarchy (AHP), Tỷ lệ Tần suất (FR) và hai kỹ thuật học máy cụ thể là Rừng Ngẫu nhiên (RF) và Bayes Ngây thơ (NB) ở đây để xác định GWPZ trong lưu vực sông Gandheswari ở cao nguyên Chota Nagpur, Ấn Độ. Để đạt được mục tiêu của nghiên cứu, mười hai yếu tố xác định sự xuất hiện của nước ngầm đã được chọn để phân tích tương quan giữa các chủ đề và chồng lên vị trí của các giếng. Những yếu tố này bao gồm độ cao, mật độ thoát nước, độ dốc, lý thuyết đất, địa hình, chỉ số ẩm độ địa hình (TWI), khoảng cách từ sông, lượng mưa, mật độ đường nứt, Chỉ số Độ che phủ Thực vật Chuẩn hóa (NDVI), đất và Sử dụng Đất và Độ che phủ (LULC). Tổng cộng 170 điểm, bao gồm 85 điểm ở khu vực giếng và 85 điểm ở khu vực không phải giếng, đã được chọn ngẫu nhiên và phân chia thành hai phần: huấn luyện và kiểm tra với tỷ lệ 70:30. Các phương pháp đã thực hiện đã cung cấp năm GWPZ với độ chính xác cao và chấp nhận được, cụ thể là Rất Tốt (VG), Tốt (G), Trung Bình (M), Kém (P) và Rất Kém (VP). Nghiên cứu cũng tìm thấy rằng địa hình, độ dốc, lượng mưa và độ cao có tầm quan trọng lớn hơn trong việc hình thành GWPZ hơn là LULC, NDVI, v.v. Hiệu suất mô hình đã được kiểm tra bằng các phương pháp đặc tính người nhận (ROC), Độ chính xác (ACC), Hệ số Kappa, MAE, RMSE, v.v. Diện tích dưới đường cong (AUC) trong đường cong ROC đã tiết lộ rằng mức độ chính xác của AHP, FR, RF và NB lần lượt là 78,8%, 81%, 85,3% và 85,5%. Các kỹ thuật học máy kết hợp với AHP và FR tiết lộ việc xác định hiệu quả khu vực tiềm năng nước ngầm trong lưu vực sông đã nói, mà theo gen về mặt lý học cho thấy độ rỗng nguyên thủy thấp do các hạn chế về lý thuyết đất. Do đó, nghiên cứu này có thể hữu ích trong quản lý lưu vực và xác định vị trí phù hợp cho giếng trong tương lai.

Từ khóa


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