Green Polymer Chemistry and Bio‐based Plastics: Dreams and Reality
Tóm tắt
Dwindling fossil resources, surging energy demand and global warming stimulate growing demand for renewable polymer products with low carbon footprint. Going well beyond the limited scope of natural polymers, biomass conversion in biorefineries and chemical carbon dioxide fixation are teamed up with highly effective tailoring, processing and recycling of polymers. “Green monomers” from biorefineries, and “renewable oil”, gained from plastics' and bio wastes, render synthetic polymers renewable without impairing their property profiles and recycling. In context of biofuel production, limitations of the green economy concepts are clearly visible. Dreams and reality of “green polymers” are highlighted. Regardless of their new greenish touch, highly versatile and cost‐effective polymers play an essential role in sustainable development.
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Barnosky A. D., 2012, Nat. Rev., 486, 52
Meadows D., 2004, Limits of Growth–The 30 Years Update
General Assembly Resolution 42/187 “Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development” United Nations General Assembly 96thplenary meeting 11thDecember 1987).
Anastas P. T., 1998, Green Chemistry. Theory and Practice
Pasquini N., 2005, Polypropylene Handbook
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Pacific_Garbadge_Patch accessed July 11 2012
Sinn H. W., 2012, The Green Paradoxon–A Supply–Side Approach to Global Warming, 113, 10.7551/mitpress/8734.001.0001
http://www.unendlich‐viel‐energie.de/de/bioenergie/detailansicht/article/105/potenziale‐der‐bioenergie.html accessed July 15 2012.
Odenwald M., 2011, Focus, 41, 127
Belgacem M. N., 2008, Monomers, Polymers and Composites from Renewable Resources
Mittal V., 2012, Renewable Polymers
Rieger B., 2012, Adv. Polym. Sci.
J. E.Holladay J. J.Bozell J. F.White D.Johnson Top Value‐Added Chemicals from Biomass Volume II ‐ Results of Screening for Potential Candidates from Biorefinery Lignin Report of the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE‐AC05‐76RL01830 October 2007.
http://www.tecnaro.de accessed July 15 2012.
http://www.cardiabioplastics.com accessed July 15 2012.
K. O.Siegenthaler A.Künkel G.Skupin M.Yamamoto in [30] p.91.
Kurian T., 2011, Biopolymers: Biomedical and Environmental Applications
R.Reichardt B.Rieger in [30] p.49.
http://www.natureworksllc.com accessed July 15 2012.
http://www.thecoca‐colacompany.com/dynamic/press_center/2011/12/plantbottle‐partnerships.html accessed July 15 2012.
http://www.braskem.com.br/plasticoverde/eng/braskem.html accessed July 15 2012.
http://www.nanotechindustriesinc.com/GPU.php accessed July 15 2012
Tolinski M., 2012, Plastics and Sustainability