Glutathione-S-transferase alpha-4 in Hippocampus abdominalis (big-belly seahorse): Molecular characterization, antioxidant properties, and its potent immune response

Alcaide, 2001, Vibrio harveyi causes disease in seahorse, Hippocampus sp, J. Fish Dis., 24, 311, 10.1046/j.1365-2761.2001.00297.x Allocati, 2018, Glutathione transferases: substrates, inihibitors and pro-drugs in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, Oncogenesis, 7, 8, 10.1038/s41389-017-0025-3 Authman, 2015, Use of fish as bio-indicator of the effects of heavy metals pollution, J. Aquac. Res. Dev., 06, 1, 10.4172/2155-9546.1000328 Balogh, 2011, Interactions of glutathione transferases with 4-hydroxynonenal, Drug Metab. Rev., 43, 165, 10.3109/03602532.2011.558092 Bašica, 2019, Molecular characterization of zebrafish Gstr1, the only member of teleost-specific glutathione S- transferase class, Aquat. Toxicol., 208, 196, 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.01.005 Biller, 2018, Oxidative stress and fish immune system: phagocytosis and leukocyte respiratory burst activity, An. Acad. Bras. Cienc., 90, 3403, 10.1590/0001-3765201820170730 Blanchette, 2007, Marine glutathione S-transferases, Mar. Biotechnol., 9, 513, 10.1007/s10126-007-9034-0 Chen, 2013, Glutathione defense mechanism in liver injury: insights from animal models, Food Chem. Toxicol. Chhabra, 1979, Intestinal absorption and metabolism of xenobiotics, Environ. Health Perspect., 33, 61, 10.1289/ehp.793361 Durou, 2007, Biomonitoring in a clean and a multi-contaminated estuary based on biomarkers and chemical analyses in the endobenthic worm Nereis diversicolor, Environ. Pollut., 148, 445, 10.1016/j.envpol.2006.12.022 Faleiro, 2015, Seahorses under a changing ocean: the impact of warming and acidification on the behaviour and physiology of a poor-swimming bony-armoured fish, Conserv. Physiol., 3, 10.1093/conphys/cov009 Foster, 2004, Life history and ecology of seahorses: implications for conservation and management, J. Fish Biol., 65, 1, 10.1111/j.0022-1112.2004.00429.x Fu, 2016, RNA sequencing quantification of xenobiotic-processing genes in various sections of the intestine in comparison to the liver of male Mices, Drug Metab. Dispos., 44, 842, 10.1124/dmd.115.068270 Glisic, 2015, Characterization of glutathione-S-transferases in zebrafish (Danio rerio), Aquat. Toxicol., 158, 50, 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.10.013 Gupta, 2005, The role of placental oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in preeclampsia, Obstet. Gynecol. Surv., 60, 807, 10.1097/01.ogx.0000193879.79268.59 Hayes, 1995, The glutathione S-transferase supergene family: regulation of GST and the contribution of the Isoenzymes to cancer chemoprotection and drug resistance part I, Crit. Rev. Biochem. Mol. Biol., 30, 445, 10.3109/10409239509083491 Henson, 2001, Induction of glutathione S-transferase activity and protein expression in brown bullhead(ameiurus nebulosus) liver by ethoxyquin, Toxicol. Sci., 62, 54, 10.1093/toxsci/62.1.54 Hu, 2018, Identification and expression profiles of twenty-six glutathione S-transferase genes from rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 120, 1063, 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.185 Jayasinghe, 2016, Comprehensive characterization of three glutathione S-transferase family proteins from black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii), Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Part - C Toxicol. Pharmacol., 189, 31, 10.1016/j.cbpc.2016.07.003 Kaliyaperumal, K., Academy, C., 2015. Seahorses a source of Traditional medicine Natural Product Research : Formerly medicine 37–41. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2012.662650. Kim, 2010, Expression profiles of seven glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes in cadmium-exposed river pufferfish (Takifugu obscurus ), Comp. Biochem. Physiol. - C Toxicol. Pharmacol., 151, 99, 10.1016/j.cbpc.2009.09.001 Knight, 2007, Constitutive mRNA expression of various glutathione S-transferase isoforms in different tissues of mice, Toxicol. Sci., 100, 513, 10.1093/toxsci/kfm233 Kumar, 2018, Glutathione S-transferases: role in combating abiotic stresses including arsenic detoxification in plants, Front. Plant Sci., 9, 1, 10.3389/fpls.2018.00751 Kumar, 2016, MEGA7: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets, Mol. Biol. Evol., 33, 1870, 10.1093/molbev/msw054 Laborde, 2010, Glutathione transferases as mediators of signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation and cell death, Cell Death Differ., 17, 1373, 10.1038/cdd.2010.80 Laksanawimol, 2006, Alteration of the brood pouch morphology during gestation of male seahorses, Hippocampus kuda, Mar. Freshw. Res., 57, 497, 10.1071/MF05112 Larkin, 2007, Clustal W and Clustal X version 2.0, Bioinformatics, 23, 2947, 10.1093/bioinformatics/btm404 Lee, 2006, Molecular cloning and characterization of θ-class glutathione S-transferase (GST-T) from the hermaphroditic fish Rivulus marmoratus and biochemical comparisons with α-class glutathione S-transferase (GST-A), Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 346, 1053, 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.06.014 Lima, 2018, The role of glutathione in viral diseases of the central nervous system, 65 Liu, 2015, A novel biomarker for marine environmental pollution of pi-class glutathione S-transferase from Mytilus coruscus, Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf., 118, 47, 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.04.012 Liu, 2019, Identification, genomic organization and expression pattern of glutathione transferase in Pardosa pseudoannulata, Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Part D Genomics Proteomics, 32, 10.1016/j.cbd.2019.100626 Livak, 2001, Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2-ΔΔCT method, Methods, 25, 402, 10.1006/meth.2001.1262 Maheo, 1997, Modulation of glutathione S-transferase subunits A2, M1, and P1 expression by interleukin-1β in rat hepatocytes in primary culture, J. Biol. Chem., 272, 16125, 10.1074/jbc.272.26.16125 Maina, 2016, α-Glutathione S -transferase: a new biomarker for liver injury?, J. Appl. Lab. Med. An AACC Publ., 1, 119, 10.1373/jalm.2016.020412 Mannervik, 2001 McGinnis, 2004, BLAST: at the core of a powerful and diverse set of sequence analysis tools, Nucleic Acids Res., 32, 20, 10.1093/nar/gkh435 Menon, 2017, GSTO1-1 plays a pro-inflammatory role in models of inflammation, colitis and obesity, Sci. Rep., 7, 10.1038/s41598-017-17861-6 Mulder, 1996 Nadarajapillai, 2020, Molecular and functional explication of thioredoxin mitochondrial-like protein (Trx-2) from big-belly seahorse (Hippocampus abdominalis) and expression upon immune provocation, Fish Shellfish Immunol, 99, 495, 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.02.034 Oberley, 1991, Immunohistochemical localization of glutathione-S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase in adult Syrian hamster tissues and during kidney development, Am. J. Pathol., 139, 355 Okonechnikov, 2012, Unipro UGENE: a unified bioinformatics toolkit, Bioinformatics, 28, 1166, 10.1093/bioinformatics/bts091 Owczarzy, 2008, IDT SciTools: a suite for analysis and design of nucleic acid oligomers, Nucleic Acids Res., 36, W163, 10.1093/nar/gkn198 Park, 2020, The glutathione S-transferase genes in marine rotifers and copepods: identification of GSTs and applications for ecotoxicological studies, Mar. Pollut. Bull., 156, 111080, 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111080 Pettersson, 2005, Human microsomal prostaglandin E synthase 1: a member of the MAPEG protein superfamily, Methods Enzymol., 401, 147, 10.1016/S0076-6879(05)01009-8 Pham, 2004, GSTA is a major glutathione S-transferase gene responsible for 4-hydroxynonenal conjugation in largemouth bass liver, 485 Prabhu, 2004, Characterization of a class alpha glutathione-S-transferase with glutathione peroxidase activity in human liver microsomes, Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 424, 72, 10.1016/j.abb.2004.02.002 Press, 1999, The morphology of the immune system in teleost fishes, Fish Shellfish Immunol, 9, 309, 10.1006/fsim.1998.0181 Rice, 2000, EMBOSS: the European molecular biology open software suite, Trends Genet., 16, 276, 10.1016/S0168-9525(00)02024-2 Robinson, 2008, 281 Romero, 2002, Down-regulation of alpha class glutathione S-transferase by interleukin-1β in human intestinal epithelial cells (CACO-2) in culture, Drug Metab. Dispos., 30, 1186, 10.1124/dmd.30.11.1186 Roth, 2020, Evolution of male pregnancy associated with remodeling of canonical vertebrate immunity in seahorses and pipefishes, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 117, 9431, 10.1073/pnas.1916251117 Samaraweera, 2019, Molecular characterization and functional analysis of glutathione S-transferase kappa 1 (GSTκ1) from the big belly seahorse (Hippocampus abdominalis): elucidation of its involvement in innate immune responses, Fish Shellfish Immunol, 92, 356, 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.06.010 Sanaye, 2013 Sanaye, 2014, Evaluation of antioxidant activities in captive-bred cultured yellow seahorse, Hippocampus kuda (Bleeker, 1852), Aquaculture, 434, 100, 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.08.007 Saranya Revathy, 2012, First molluscan theta-class glutathione S-transferase: identification, cloning, characterization and transcriptional analysis post immune challenges, Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B Biochem. Mol. Biol., 162, 10, 10.1016/j.cbpb.2012.02.004 Schonborn, 2010 Schultz, 1998, SMART, a simple modular architecture research tool: identification of signaling domains, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 95, 5857, 10.1073/pnas.95.11.5857 Seidegard, 1997, The role of human glutathione transferases and epoxide hydrolases in the metabolism of xenobiotics, Environ. Health Perspect., 105, 791 Sen, 2001, Viruses and Interferons, Annu. Rev. Microbiol., 55, 255, 10.1146/annurev.micro.55.1.255 Shao, 2017, Molecular cloning and functional characterization of theta class glutathione S-transferase from Apostichopus japonicus, Fish Shellfish Immunol, 63, 31, 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.02.004 Sigrist, 2013, New and continuing developments at PROSITE, Nucleic Acids Res., 41, 344, 10.1093/nar/gks1067 Tew, 1993 Tharuka, 2017, Molecular cloning, biochemical characterization, and expression analysis of two glutathione S-transferase paralogs from the big-belly seahorse (Hippocampus abdominalis). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Part - B Biochem, Mol. Biol., 214, 1 Triantafyllou, 2018, The role of monocytes and macrophages in acute and acute-on-chronic liver failure, Front. Immunol., 9, 2948, 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02948 Tsujii, 1990, Melano-macrophage centers in the aglomerular kidney of the sea horse (Teleosts): morphologic studies on its formation and possible function, Anat. Rec., 226, 460, 10.1002/ar.1092260408 Wan, 2008, Molecular characterization of mu class glutathione-S-transferase from disk abalone (Haliotis discus discus), a potential biomarker of endocrine-disrupting chemicals, Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B Biochem. Mol. Biol., 150, 187, 10.1016/j.cbpb.2008.03.002 Whittington, 2015, Seahorse brood pouch transcriptome reveals common genes associated with vertebrate pregnancy, Mol. Biol. Evol., 32, 3114 Woods, 2007 Zlotkin, 2003, Trojan horse effect: phagocyte-mediated Streptococcus iniae infection of fish, Infect. Immun., 71, 2318, 10.1128/IAI.71.5.2318-2325.2003