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Toàn cầu hóa và lựa chọn địa điểm: phân tích các công ty đa quốc gia Mỹ năm 1980 và 2000
Tóm tắt
Trong bài báo này, chúng tôi xem xét các lựa chọn địa điểm nước ngoài của 100 công ty đa quốc gia hàng đầu của Mỹ (MNC) vào năm 1980 và 2000. Đầu tiên, chúng tôi đặt ra câu hỏi liệu có sự thay đổi nào trong lựa chọn địa điểm nước ngoài của các MNC trong khoảng thời gian hai thập kỷ này hay không. Thứ hai, chúng tôi khám phá các lý do cơ bản của sự thay đổi địa điểm bằng cách tập trung vào các yếu tố cấp quốc gia, đồng thời xem xét các yếu tố ở cấp công ty, ngành và khu vực. Các phát hiện của chúng tôi cho thấy, trước hết, quy mô hoạt động của các MNC trên toàn cầu lớn hơn nhiều so với những gì mà các lập luận của những người ủng hộ toàn cầu hóa khu vực cho rằng và nằm ngoài TRIAD của Ohmae, nhưng vẫn chưa phổ biến rộng rãi như những gì mà các nhà toàn cầu hóa khẳng định - hai truyền thống chính trong cuộc tranh luận về toàn cầu hóa và khu vực hóa. Thứ hai, chúng tôi phát hiện một mô hình di dời thú vị trong khoảng thời gian này. Thứ ba, chúng tôi phát triển một khuôn khổ tích hợp mà trong đó cả lập luận kinh tế và văn hóa thể chế đều được cho là ảnh hưởng đến lựa chọn địa điểm nước ngoài của các MNC theo những cách khác nhau. Chúng tôi kết thúc bằng việc thảo luận về các phát hiện của mình và đưa ra những gợi ý cho nghiên cứu trong tương lai.
Từ khóa
#Toàn cầu hóa #lựa chọn địa điểm #công ty đa quốc gia #nghiên cứu kinh tế #thay đổi địa điểmTài liệu tham khảo
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