Global surface layer salinity change detected by Argo and its implication for hydrological cycle intensification
Tóm tắt
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Adler, R. F., G. J. Huffman, A. Chang, R. Ferraro, P. Xie, J. Janowiak, B. Rudolf, U. Schneider, S. Curtis, D. Bolvin, A. Gruber, J. Susskind and P. Arkin (2003): The Version 2 Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) monthly precipitation analysis (1979-present). J. Hydrometeor., 4, 1147.
Allen, M. R. and W. J. Ingram (2002): Constraints on future changes in climate and the hydrologic cycle. Nature, 419, 224.
Argo Science Team (2001): Report of the Argo Science Team Second Meeting. Argo Science Team Second Meeting, Southampton Oceanogr. Cent. Southampton, U.K.
Argo Steering Team (2007): Eighth meeting of the International Argo Steering Team. Argo Steering Team Eighth Meeting, Paris, France.
Bingham, F. M., T. Suga and K. Hanawa (1992): Comparison of upper ocean thermal conditions in the Western North Pacific between two pentads: 1938–42 and 1978–82. J. Oceanogr., 48, 405–425.
Boyer, T. P., S. Levitus, J. I. Antonov, R. A. Locarnini and H. E. Garcia (2005): Linear trends in salinity for the World Ocean, 1955–1998. Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L01604, doi:10.1029/2004GL021791.
Brown, J., A. Colling, D. Park, J. Phillips, D. Rothery and J. Wright (1989): Ocean Circulation. I. Open Univ. and Pergamon Press, Exeter, 238 pp.
Delcroix, T., S. Cravatte and M. J. McPhaden (2007): Decadal variations and trends in tropical Pacific sea surface salinity since 1970. J. Geophys. Res., 112, doi:10.1029/2006JC003801.
Dickson, R., B. Rudels, S. Dye and M. Karcher (2007): Current estimates of freshwater flux through Arctic and subarctic seas. Prog. Oceanogr., 73, 210–230.
Dietrich, G. (1963): General Oceanography: An Introduction. Interscience Publishers, New York, 588 pp.
Freeland, H., K. Denman, C. S. Wong, F. Whitney and R. Jacques (1997): Evidence of change in the winter mixed layer in the northeast Pacific Ocean. Deep-Sea Res. I, 44(12), 2117.
Gandin, L. S. (1963): Objective Analysis of Meteorological Field. Gidrometeorologicheskoe Izdate’stvo, Leningrad, 286 pp.
Gill, A. E. (1982): Atmosphere-Ocean Dynamics. Academic Press Inc., 662 pp.
Held, I. M. and B. J. Soden (2006): Robust responses of the hydrological cycle to global warming. J. Climate, 19, 5686.
Hosoda, S. and S. Minato (2003): Objective analysis with Argo float and TRITON buoy data for temperature and salinity fields in the Pacific Ocean. JAMSTECR (Report of Japan Marine Science and Technology Center), 48, 67.
Hosoda, S., T. Ohira and T. Nakamura (2008): A monthly mean dataset of global oceanic temperature and salinity derived from Argo float observations. JAMSTEC Rep. Res. Dev., 8, 47.
IPCC (2007): Climate Change 2007—The Physical Science Basis, Working Group I Contribution to the Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, U.K.
Johnson, D. R., T. P. Boyer, H. E. Garcia, R. A. Locarnini, A. V. Mishonov, M. T. Pitcher, O. K. Baranova, J. I. Antonov and I. V. Smolyar (2006): World Ocean Database 2005 Documentation, ed. by S. Levitus, NODC Internal Report 18, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 163 pp. Available at https://doi.org/www.nodc.noaa.gov/OC5/WOD05/docwod05.html
Kalnay, E., M. Kanamitsu, R. Kistler, W. Collins, D. Deaven, L. Gandin, M. Iredell, S. Saha, G. White, J. Woolen, Y. Zhu, M. Chelliah, W. Ebisuzaki, W. Higgins, J. Janowiak, K. C. Mo, C. Ropelewski, J. Wang, A. Leetmaa, R. Reynolds, R. Jenne and D. Joseph (1996): The NCEP/NCAR 40-year reanalysis project. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 77, 437.
Meyer, S. (1975): Data Analysis for Scientists and Engineers. John Wiley & Sons, New York, 513 pp.
Oki, T. and S. Kanae (2006): Global hydrological cycles and world water resources. Science, 313, 1068–1072.
Ono, T., T. Midorikawa, Y. W. Watanabe, K. Tadokoro and T. Saino (2001): Temporal increase of phosphate and apparent oxygen utilization in the subsurface waters of western subpolar Pacific from 1968 to 1998. Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 3285.
Overland, J. E., J. M. Adams and S. Salo (1999): Salinity signature of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation. Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 1337.
Roemmich, D., S. Riser, R. Davis and Y. Desaubies (2004): Autonomous profiling floats: workhorse for broad-scale observations. Mar. Technol. Soc. J., 38, 21–29.
Sarah, L. H. and N. P. Holliday (2006): ICES report on ocean climate 2005. ICES Cooperative Research Report, 280, 47 pp.
Schmitt, R. W. (1996): If rain falls on the ocean—does it make a sound? Oceanus, 39, 4.
Welch, B. L. (1938): The significance of the difference between two means when the population variances are unequal. Biometrika, 29, 350–362.
White, W. B. (1995): Design of a global observing system for gyre-scale upper ocean temperature variability. Prog. Oceanogr., 36, 169.