Geological interpretation of a low-backscatter anomaly found on the New Jersey continental margin

Anderson, 1980, Acoustics of gas-bearing sediments. I. Background, Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 67, 1865, 10.1121/1.384453 Bohrmann, 2006, Gas Hydrates in Marine Sediments, 481 Bulfinch, 1984, Deep western boundary undercurrent delineated by sediment texture at the base of the North Atlantic continental rise, Geo-Marine Letters, 3, 31, 10.1007/BF02463439 Bulfinch, 1982, The high-velocity core of the western boundary undercurrent at the base of the U.S. continental rise, Science, 215, 970, 10.1126/science.215.4535.970 Butman, 2006, Seafloor Topography and Backscatter Intensity of the Hudson Canyon Region Offshore New York and New Jersey Calder, 2008 Cartwright, 2005 Chaytor, 2007, Revisiting submarine mass movements along the U.S. Atlantic continental margin: implications for the tsunami hazards, 395 Damuth, 1980, Use of high-frequency (3.5–12 kHz) echograms in the study of near-bottom sedimentation processes in the deep-sea: a review, Marine Geology, 38, 51, 10.1016/0025-3227(80)90051-1 de Moustier, 1991, Angular dependence of 12-kHz seafloor acoustic backscatter, Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 90, 522, 10.1121/1.401278 Dillon, 2000, The U.S. Atlantic Continental Margin; the Best-Known Gas Hydrate Locality, 157 Dillon, 1995, Maps showing gas-hydrate distribution off the east coast of the United States Embley, 1980, The role of mass transport in the distribution and character of deep-ocean sediments with special reference to the North Atlantic, Marine Geology, 38, 23, 10.1016/0025-3227(80)90050-X Embley, 1986, Mass wasting in the western North Atlantic, 479 Fonseca, 2005 Fonseca, 2007, Remote estimation of surficial seafloor properties through the application angular range analysis to multibeam sonar data, Marine Geophysical Research, 28, 119, 10.1007/s11001-007-9019-4 Fonseca, 2002, The high-frequency backscattering angular response of gassy sediments: model/data comparison from the Eel River Margin, California, Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 111, 2621, 10.1121/1.1471911 Gardner, 2004, U.S. Law of the Sea cruise to map the foot of the slope and 2500-m isobath of the Northeast US Atlantic continental margin CRUISES H04-1, 2 and 3 Gardner, 1991, Ground-truthing 6.5-kHz sidescan sonar sonographs: what are we really imaging?, Journal of Geophysical Research, 96, 5955, 10.1029/90JB02730 Gardner, 2006, Mapping supports potential submission to U.N. Law of the Sea, EOS. Transactions of the American Geophysical Union, 87, 157, 10.1029/2006EO160002 Hamilton, 1970, Reflection Coefficients and Bottom Losses at Normal Incidence Computed from Pacific Sediment Properties, Geophysics, 35, 995, 10.1190/1.1440149 Hollister, 1972, Geological Effects of Ocean Bottom Currents: Western North Atlantic, vol. 2, 37 Jackson, 1986, Application of the composite roughness model to high-frequency bottom backscattering, Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 79, 1410, 10.1121/1.393669 Ledbetter, 1985, Paleoceanography of the Deep Western Boundary Undercurrent on the North American continental margin for the past 25,000 yr, Journal of Geology, 13, 181, 10.1130/0091-7613(1985)13<181:POTDWB>2.0.CO;2 Locker, S.D., 1989. Cenozoic Depositional History of the Middle U.S. Atlantic Continental Rise. Ph.D. Thesis. Univ. Rhode Island, Kingston, R.I. 180 pp. Lowrie, 1967, Knoll and sediment drift near Hudson Canyon, Science, 157, 1552, 10.1126/science.157.3796.1552 Mackay, 1994, Origin of bottom-simulating reflectors: geophysical evidence from Cascadia accretionary prism, Journal of Geology, 22, 459, 10.1130/0091-7613(1994)022<0459:OOBSRG>2.3.CO;2 McCave, 1986, Deep current-controlled sedimentation in the western North Atlantic, 451 McHugh, 2002, Cenozoic mass-transport facies and their correlation with sea-level change, New Jersey continental margin, Marine Geology, 184, 295, 10.1016/S0025-3227(01)00240-7 McMaster, 1989, The Early Neogene continental rise off the Eastern United States, Marine Geology, 87, 137, 10.1016/0025-3227(89)90058-3 Mountain, 1987, Underway Geophysics during Leg 95, 95, 601 Mountain, 1985, Mesozoic and Cenozoic Geology of the U.S. Atlantic Continental Slope and Rise, 293 Mountain, 1994, 150 Paskevich, 2010, GLORIA sidescan-sonar imagery for parts of the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone and adjacent areas Poag, 1985, Cenozoic and Upper Cretaceous Sedimentary Facies and Depositional Systems of the New Jersey Slope and Rise, 343 Poag, 1992, U.S. Middle Atlantic Continental Rise: Provenance, dispersal, and deposition of Jurassic to Quaternary sediments, 100 Pratson, 1989, The relative importance of gravity-induced versus current-controlled sedimentation during the Quaternary along the mideast U.S. outer continental margin revealed by 3.5 kHz echo character, Marine Geology, 89, 87, 10.1016/0025-3227(89)90029-7 Reimer, 2004, INTCAL04 terrestrial radiocarbon age calibration, 0–26 Cal kyr BP, Radiocarbon, 46, 1029, 10.1017/S0033822200032999 Reimer, 2009, IntCal09 and Marine09 Radiocarbon Age Calibration Curves, 0–50000 Years cal BP, Radiocarbon, 51, 1111, 10.1017/S0033822200034202 Rodriguez, N.M., Paull, C.K., Borowski, W.S., 2000. Zonation of authigenic carbonates within gas-hydrate bearing sedimentary sections on the Blake Ridge: offshore southeastern North America. In: Rodriguez, N.M., Paull, C.K., and Borowski, W.S., 2000. Zonation of authigenic carbonates within gas hydrate-bearing sedimentary sections on the Blake Ridge: offshore southeastern North America. In Paull, C.K., Matsumoto, R., Wallace, P.J., and Dillon, W.P. (Eds.), Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 164. College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), pp. 301–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.164.227.2000. Rona, 1969, Middle Atlantic continental slope of United States: deposition and erosion, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 53, 1453 Schlee, 1991, Submarine processes of the middle Atlantic continental rise based on GLORIA imagery, Geological Society of America Bulletin, 103, 1090, 10.1130/0016-7606(1991)103<1090:SPOTMA>2.3.CO;2 Schneider, 1967, Further evidence of contour currents in the western North Atlantic, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2, 351, 10.1016/0012-821X(67)90156-2 Stapleton, D.C., 1987. Geotechnical properties of marine sediments from the Low Level Waste Disposal Project Study areas: Northwest Atlantic. M.S. Thesis, Univ. Rhode Island, Kingston, R.I. Stow, 1984, North Atlantic contourites: an overview, Geological Society, London Special Publications, 15, 245, 10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.015.01.16 Stuiver, 1993, Modeling atmospheric 14C influences and 14C ages of marine samples back to 10,000 BC, Radiocarbon, 35, 137, 10.1017/S0033822200013874 Sweeney, E.M., 2008. Geological interpretations of a low-backscatter anomaly found in 12-kHz multibeam data on the New Jersey continental margin. M.S. Thesis, Univ. New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire. Tucholke, 1982, Neogene and Quaternary development of the lower continental rise off the central U.S. east coast, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir, 34, 295 Tucholke, 1977, Gas-hydrate horizons detected in seismic-profiler data from the western North Atlantic, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 61, 698 Twitchell, 2009, Morphology of late Quaternary submarine landslides along the U.S. Atlantic continental margin, Marine Geology, 264, 4, 10.1016/j.margeo.2009.01.009