Gentry culture and the stifling of industry

Vries, 2008 North, 2007, No.4359 Heller, 2009 Deirdre McCloskey, Bourgeois Dignity: Why Economics Can’t Explain the Industrial Revolution (MS., McCloskey's website, 2009); J. Mokyr, ‘The intellectual origins of modern economic growth’, Journal of Economic History 65 (2), 2005, pp. 285-351. Jones, 1984, ‘Subculture and Market’, Economic Development and Cultural Change, 32, 76 Charles F. Foster and Eric L. Jones, ‘Industrialisation and Deindustrialisation: England Divides’, posted March 2011, <mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/->. See especially Charles F. Foster, Capital and Innovation (Northwich: Arley Hall Press, 2004). Rollison, 2011, 1117-1643 1990 Warmington, 1997 Quoted in Eric L. Jones, Locating the Industrial Revolution: Inducement and Response (Singapore and London: World Scientific, 2010), p.152. Quoted in Anthea Jones, The Cotswolds (Chichester: Phillimore, 1994), p.170. Jones, 1967, ‘Industrial Capital and Landed Investment: the Arkwrights in Herefordshire, 1809-43′ Quoted in Anthea Jones, Cotswolds, p.171. Private papers in the Hurst and Mills family archive: 1830 letters from Charles Greenaway to R. H. Hurst, M.P. I am grateful to Sir Jeremy and Lady Morse for permission to use this collection. Nicolson, 2011 See e.g. Anthea Jones, Cotswolds, p.182. NSB, 1930 Jones, 2009, ‘Environmental effects of blood sports in Lowland England since 1750’, Rural History, 20, 51, 10.1017/S0956793308002586 Hudson, 1928 But see Jones, Locating, and Nicolson, Gentry, both passim. Anthea Jones, Cotswolds, plate XXVII. A poignant case was at Wherwell, Hampshire, where estate workers were sacked and obliged to emigrate for helping to build a chapel. B. R. K. Paintin, The Temple of His Grace: A Survey of Wesleyan Methodism in Wherwell (Privately printed, 1946). Jones, Locating, Chapter 10. Nicolson, Gentry, p. xii. The chapter on the Cliffords of Frampton is particularly revealing about continuity, the gentry's exclusiveness at a given time (in this case the present), and their sometimes inverted snobbery. Rollison, Commerce, p.252. Rollison is referring to the society described by Tonnies’ contemporary, Richard Jefferies (b.1848) in Hodge and His Masters (1879). Rollison, Commerce, p.200. See also the interferences with water supplies to industrial mills mentioned in Jones, Locating, pp. 160-161, 249. Rollison, Commerce, passim. Quoted by Rollison, Commerce, p.265. Burritt, 1868 An example at random: in Lincolnshire, Lord Yarborough became angry at any tenant who failed to come out hunting. Francis Hill, Victorian Lincoln (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1974), p.84. Burroughs, 1885 Heller, 2008 Jones, Locating, pp. 153-154. Lindert, 2003, ‘Voice and Growth: Was Churchill Right?.’, Journal of Economic History, 63, 317, 10.1017/S0022050703001815 Nicolson, Gentry, passim, gives numerous examples of the extreme income and status gaps between employer and employee. This is clearly stated in Nicolson, Gentry, which provides a mass of descriptive background Jones, Locating, pp. 82-83. Mayer, 2000 Pring, 2009 Libecap, 2011, ‘The Demarcation of Land and the Role of Coordinating Property Institutions’, Journal of Political Economy, 119/31, 426, 10.1086/660842 The Spectator, 29 Oct 2011. Jones, 2006 Nicolson, Gentry, pp. 166, 412. English farmers often exhibit similar expenditure patterns and a similar tendency to mix as much as possible only with their peers. They can afford to buy good quality possessions in the first place, but the unfashionable nature of much that they own is still patent, as is their self-contained attitude. Emily Hahn, England to Me London: The Right Book Club, n.d., p.29. Jones, Cultures Merging, pp. 40-43.