Genome size and cytogenetic characterization of three Algerian Retama species
Tóm tắt
Thirty-three populations belonging to the three Retama species, Retama monosperma, Retama raetam and Retama sphaerocarpa, were collected to study species differentiation using flow cytometry for 2C DNA assessment and molecular cytogenetics for karyotype organisation. All were 2n = 48. Genome size ranged from 1.76 to 1.97 pg and revealed significant intraspecific variation correlated to the geographic distribution of the populations. The number and position of the two ribosomal gene families 5S and 45S were determined by fluorescent in situ hybridization, revealing chromosome reorganisation between species. In R. raetam and R. monosperma, the minor 5S loci co-localised with 45S on the satellite chromosome pair. Fluorochrome banding identified GC- and AT-rich DNA regions. In R. monosperma a unique chromomycin positive GC-rich band was observed associated with the secondary constriction. In contrast, an original pattern showing two chromomycin positive bands localised at each side of the extended rDNA locus was observed in R. sphaerocarpa and R. raetam. The polymorphism revealed in our cytogenetic data allowed us to separate the group of R. raetam and R. monosperma from R. sphaerocarpa.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Abirached-Darmency M, Pardo-Vivant E, Chelysheva L, Pouthier T (2005) Variation in number and position among legume species and detection of 2 linked rDNA loci in the model Medicago trunculata by FISH. Genome 48:556–561
Belkhiri A, Buchko J, Klassen GR (1992) The 5S ribosomal RNA gene in Pythium species: two different genomic locations. Mol Biol Evol 9(6):1089–1110
Bell GI, Degennaro JL, Gelfand DH, Bishop RJ, Valenzuela P, Rutter WJ (1977) Ribosomal RNA genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. I. Physical map of the repeating unit and location of the regions coding for 5S, 5.8S, 18S, and 25S ribosomal RNAs. J Biol Chem 22:8118–8125
Bennett MD (1987) Variation in genomic form in plants and its ecological implications. New Phytol 106:177–200
Bennetzen JL, Devos KM (2005) Mechanisms of recent genome size variation in flowering plants. Ann Bot 95:127–132
Bhattacharya SS, Khalifa MM, Chaudhri II (1971) In IOPB chromosome number reports XXXII. Taxon 20(2/3):349–356
Biradar DP, Rayburn AL (1993) Heterosis and nuclear DNA content in maize. Heredity 71:300–304
Bou Dagher-Kharrat M, Grenier G, Bariteau M, Brown S, Siljak-Yakovlev S, Savoure A (2001) Karyotype analysis reveals interspecific differentiation in the genus Cedrus despite genome size and base composition constancy. Theor Appl Genet 103:846–854
Caravaca F, Figueroa D, Alguacil MM, Roldan A (2003) Application of composted urban residue enhanced the performance of afforested shrub species in degraded semiarid land. Bioresource Technol 90:65–70
Cerbah M, Kevei Z, Siljak-Yakovlev S, Kondorosi E, Kondorosi A, Trinh TH (1999a) FISH chromosome mapping allowing karyotype analysis in Medicago trunculata lines Jemalong J5 and R-108-1. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact 12:947–950
Cerbah M, Coulaud J, Brown S, Siljak-Yakovlev S (1999b) Evolutionary DNA variation in the genus Hypochaeris. Heredity 82:261–266
Cerbah M, Mortreau E, Brown S, Siljak-Yakovlev S, Bertrand H, Lambert C (2001) Genome size variation and species relationships in the genus Hydrangea. Theor Appl Genet 103:45–51
Cusna Velari T, Feoli Chiapella L (1991) Systematic relationships within the Genista group (Genisteae, Fabaceae) on the basis of karyological and biometrical data. Flora Mediter 1:21–29
Do GS, Seo BB, Yamamoto M, Suzuki G, Mukai Y (2001) Identification and chromosomal location of tandemly repeat DNA sequences in Allium cepa. Genes Genet Syst 76:53–60
Doležel J, Bartoš J (2005) Plant DNA flow cytometry and estimation of nuclear genome size. Ann Bot 95:99–110
Doležel J, Bartoš J, Voglmayr H, Greilhuber J (2003) Nuclear DNA content and genome size of trout and human. Cytometry A 51:127–128
Fransz P, Armstrong S, Alonso-Blanco C, Fischer TC, Torrez-Ruiz RA, Jones G (1998) Cytogenetics for the model system Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J 13:867–876
Fuchs JÈ, Strehl S, Brandes A, Schweizer D, Schubert I (1998) Molecular cytogenetic characterization of the Vicia faba genome—heterochromatin differentiation, replication patterns and sequence. Chromosom Res 6:219–230
Galbraith DW, Harkins KR, Maddox JM, Ayres NM, Sharma DP, Firoozabady E (1983) Rapid flow cytophotometric analysis of the cell cycle in intact plant tissues. Science 220:1049–1051
Gallego-Martin F, Sandez Anta MA, Navarro Andrés F (1988) Acerca de la cariología de algunas genisteas del centro-occidente español. Lazaroa 9:55–60
Geber G, Schweizer D (1987) Cytochemical heterochromatin differentiation in Sinapis alba (Cruciferae) using a simple air drying technique for producing chromosome spreads. Plant Syst Evol 158:98–106
Gerlach WL, Bedbrook JR (1979) Cloning and characterization of ribosomal RNA genes from wheat and barley. Nucleic Acids Res 7:1869–1885
Gerlach WL, Dyer TA (1980) Sequence organization of the repeated units in the nucleus of wheat, which contains 5S rDNA genes. Nucleic Acids Res 8:4851–4865
Gilson PR, Adcock GJ, Howlett BJ, Mc Fadden GI (1995) Organisation and sequence analysis of nuclear-encoded 5s ribosomal RNA genes in cryptomonad algae. Curr Genet 27(3):239–42
Godelle B, Cartier D, Marie D, Brown SC, Siljak-Yakovlev S (1993) Heterochromatin study demonstrating the non-linearity of fluorometry useful for calculating genomic base composition. Cytometry 14:618–626
Guerra M (2000) Patterns of heterochromatin distribution in plant chromosomes. Genet Mol Biol 23(4):1029–1041
Hajdera I, Siwinska D, Hasterok R, Maluszynska J (2003) Molecular cytogenetic analysis of genome structure in Lupinus angusifolius and Lupinus cosentinii. Theor Appl Genet 107(6):988–996
Hasterok R, Maluszynska J (2000) Different rRNA gene expression in primary and adventitious roots of Allium cepa L. Folia Histochem Cytobiol 38:181–184
Hennig W (1999) Heterochromatin. Chromosoma 108:1–9
Heslop-Harrison JS, Schwarzacher T, Anamthawat-Jonsson K, Leitch AR, Shi M, Leitch IJ (1991) In situ hybridization with automated chromosome denaturation. J Methods Cell Mol Biol 3:109–116
Käss E, Wink M (1997) Phylogenetic relationships in the Papilionoideae (Family Leguminosae) on nucleotide sequences of cpDNA (rbcL) and ncDNA (ITS 1 and 2). Mol Phylogenet Evol 8:65–88
Kwon JK, Kim BD (2009) Localization of 5S rRNA and 25S rRNA genes on somatic and meiotic chromosomes in Capsicum species of chili pepper. Mol Cell 27(2):205–209
Leitch AR, Lim KY, Leitch IJ, O’Neil M, Low F (1998) Molecular cytogenetic studies in rubber, Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg. (Euphorbiaceae). Genome 41:464–467
Levan A, Fredga K, Sandberg AA (1964) Nomenclature for centromeric position on chromosomes. Hereditas 52:201–220
Lopez J, Devesa JA, Ruiz T, Ortega-Olivencia A (1998) Seedling morphology in Genisteae (Fabaceae) from south-west Spain. Bot J Linn Soc 127:229–250
Louaar S, Akkal S, Laouer H, Guilet D (2007) Flavonoids of Retama sphaerocarpa leaves and their antimicrobial activities. Chem Nat Comp 43(5):616–617
Maire R (1987) Flore de l’Afrique du Nord, 14 Vols. Editions Lechevalier, Paris, p 128
Marie M, Brown SC (1993) A cytometric exercise in plant DNA histograms, with 2C values for 70 species. Biol Cell 78:41–51
Martín-Cordero C, López-Lázaro M, Espartero JL, Ayuso MJ (2000) Retamatrioside, a new triglycoside from Retama sphaerocarpa. J Nat Prod 63:248–250
McMurphy LM, Rayburn AL (1992) Chromosomal and cell size analysis of cold tolerant maize. Theor Appl Gent 84:798–802
Moscone EA, Klein F, Lambrou M, Fuchs J, Schweizer D (1999) Quantitative karyotyping and dual-color FISH mapping of 5S and 18S-25S probes in the cultivated Phaseolus species (Leguminosae). Genome 42:1224–1233
Naganowska B, Zielinska A (2004) Localisation of DNA in the Lupinus genome during the cell cycle. J Appl Genet 45(2):189–193
Naganowska B, Wolko B, Liwinska R, Kaczmarek AZ (2003) Nuclear DNA content variation and species relationships in the genus Lupinus (Fabaceae). Ann Bot 92:349–355
Ohri D (1998) Genome size variation and plant systematics. Ann Bot 82(A):75–83
Pardo C, Cubas P, Tahiri H (2004) Molecular phylogeny and systematics of Genista (Leguminosae) and related genera based on nucleotide sequences of nrDNA (ITS region) and cpDNA (trnL-trnF intergenic spacer). Plant Syst Evol 244:93–119
Pedrosa A, Sandal N, Stougaard J, Schweizer D, Bachmair A (2002) Chromosomal map of the model legume Lotus japonica. Genetics 161:1661–1672
Pedrosa A, Vallejos CE, Bachmair A, Schweizer D (2003) Integration of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) linkage and chromosomal maps. Theor Appl Genet 106:205–212
Pugnaire FL, Haase P, Puigdefábregas J (1996) Facilitation between higher plant species in a semiarid environment. Ecology 77:1420–1426
Quezel P, Santa S (1962) Nouvelle flore de l’Algérie et des régions désertiques méridionales (Tome 1 et 2). Edition du C.R.N.S. France, 1170 p
Reese G (1957) Über die polyploidiespektren in der nordsaharischen Wüstenpflanzen. Flora 146(3):478–487
Schweizer D (1976) Reverse fluorescent chromosome banding with chromomycin and DAPI. Chromosoma 58:307–324
Siljak-Yakovlev S, Cerbah M, Coulaud J, Stoian V, Brown SC, Zoldoš V, Jelenić S, Papeš D (2002) Nuclear DNA content, base composition, heterochromatin and rDNA in Picea omorika and Picea abies. Theor Appl Genet 104:505–512
Singh RJ, Kim HH, Hymowitz T (2001) Distribution of rDNA loci in the genus Glycine Willd. Theor Appl Genet 103:212–218
Sone T, Fujisawa M, Takenaka M, Nakagawa S, Yamaoka S, Sakaida M, Nishiyama R, Yamato KT, Ohmido N, Fukui K, Fukuzawa H, Ohyama K (1999) Bryophyte 5S rDNA was inserted into 45S rDNA repeat units after the divergence from higher land plants. Plant Mol Biol 41:679–685
Srebniak M, Rasmussem O, Maluszynska J (2002) Cytogenetic analysis of an asymmetric potato hybrid. J Appl Genet 43:19–31
Stebbins GL (1971) Chromosomal evolution in higher plants. Arnold, London
Véla E, Benhouhou S (2007) Evaluation d’un nouveau point chaud de biodiversité végétale dans le bassin méditerranéen (Afrique du Nord). C Biologies 330:589–605
Webb PB (1843) Sur le genre Retama. Ann Sc Nat Bot Ser 2(20):269–283
Winterfeld G, Doring E, Röser M (2009) Chromosome evolution in wild oat grasses (Aveneae) revealed by molecular phylogeny. Genome 52(4):361–80
Zohary M (1959) A revision of the genus Retama (Boiss). Bull Res Counc Isr 7(D):1–2
Zoldoš V (2000) Organisation du génome et relations évolutives entre quelques espèces du genre Quercus. Thèse de doctorat, Université de Paris-Sud et Université de Zagreb
Zoldoš V, Papeš D, Cerbah M, Besendorfer S, Siljak-Yakovlev S, Panaud O (1999) Molecular-cytogenetic studies of ribosomal genes and heterochromatin reveal conserved genome organisation among 11 Quercus species. Theor Appl Genet 99:969–977