Genetic diversity of barley landrace accessions (Hordeum vulgare ssp. vulgare) conserved for different lengths of time in ex situ gene banks

Allard, R. W. (1992). Predictive methods for germplasm identification. In: Stalker, H. T. and Murphy, J. P. (eds) Plant Breeding in the 1990s. pp. 119–133, CAB International, Wallingford, UK.

Bataillon, T. M., David, J. L. and Schoen, D. J. (1996). Neutral genetic markers and conservation genetics: simulated germplasm collections. Genetics, 144: 409–417.

BBSRC (1999) http://www.jic.bbsrc.ac.uk/welcome.htm.

Brown, A. H. D. (1983). Barley. In: Tanksley, S. D. and Orton, T. J. (eds) Isozymes in Plant Genetics and Breeding. pp. 55–77. Elsevier, Amsterdam.

Brown, A. H. D. and Briggs, J. D. (1991). Sampling strategies for genetic variation in ex situ collections of endangered species. In: Falk, D. A. and Holsinger, K. E. (eds) Genetics and Conservation of Rare Plants. pp. 99–119. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

Brown, A. H. D. and Munday, J. (1982). Population-genetic structure and optimal sampling of landraces of barley from Iran. Genetica, 58: 85–96.

Brown, A. H. D., Zohary, D. and Nevo, E. (1978). Outcrossing rates and heterozygosity in natural populations of Hordeum spontaneum Koch in Israel. Heredity, 41: 49–62.

Brown, A. H. D., Brubaker, C. L. and Grace, J. P. (1997). Regeneration of germplasm samples: Wild versus cultivated plant species. Crop Sci, 37: 7–13.

Ceccarelli, S. (1996). Adaptation to low/high input cultivation. Euphytica, 92: 203–214.

Cheliak, W. M. and Pitel, J. A. (1984) Techniques for Starch Gel Electrophoresis of Enzymes from Forest Tree Species. Information Report PI-X-42, Petawawa National Forestry Institute, Canada.

Clark, R. L., Shands, H. L., Bretting, P. K. and Eberhart, S. A. (1997). Germplasm regeneration: developments in population genetics and their implications. Crop Sci, 37: 1–6.

Frankel, O. H. (1977). Genetic resources. In: Day, P. R. (ed.) The genetic basis of epidemics in agriculture. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 287 332–334.

Goudet, J. (1999) Fstat, a program to estimate and test gene diversities and fixation indices (version 2.8), http://www.unil.ch/izea/softwares/fstat.html.

Hamilton, M. B. (1994). Ex situ conservation of wild plant species: time to reassess the genetic assumptions and implications of seed banks. Cons Biol, 8: 39–49.

Hockett, E. A. and Nilan, R. A. (1985). Genetics. In: Rasmusson, D. C. (ed.) Barley. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, USA.

Jana, S. and Pietrzak, L. N. (1988). Comparative assessment of genetic diversity in wild and primitive cultivated barley in a centre of diversity. Genetics, 119: 981–990.

Kahler, A. L. and Allard, R. W. (1970). Genetics of isozyme variants in barley. I. Esterases. Crop Sci, 10: 444–448.

Kahler, A. L., Heath-Pegliuso, S. and Allard, R. W. (1981). Genetics of isozyme variants in barley. II. 6-Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase, Glutamate Oxalate Transaminase, and Acid Phosphatase. Crop Sci, 21: 536–540.

Lande, R. and Barrowclough, G. F. (1987). Effective population size, genetic variation and their use in population management. In: Soulé, M. E. (ed.) Viable Populations for Conservation pp. 87–123. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Marshall, D. R. (1990). Crop genetic resources: current and emerging issues. In: Brown, A. H. D., Clegg, M. T., Kahler, A. L. and Weir, B. S. (eds) Plant Population Genetics, Breeding and Genetic Resources. pp. 367–388. Sinauer, Sunderland, MA, USA.

Nevo, E. (1992). Origin, evolution, population genetics and resources of wild barley, Hordeum spontaneum in the Fertile Crescent. In: Shewry, P. R. (ed.) Barley: Genetics, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology pp. 19–43. CAB International, Wallingford, UK.

Nilan, R. A. (1964) The Cytology and Genetics of Barley. Research Studies 32, no. 1, Washington State University.

Sackvillehamilton, N. R. and Chorlton, K. H. (1997) Regeneration of Accessions in Seed Collections: a Decision Guide. Handbook for Genebanks No. 5. International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome.

Schoen, D. J., David, J. L. and Batallion, T. M. (1998). Deleterious mutation accumulation and the regeneration of genetic resources. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 95: 394–399.

Simmonds, N. W. (1962). Variability in crop plants, its use and conservation. Biol Rev, 37: 442–465.

Vavilov, N. I. (1957) World Resources of Cereals, Leguminous Seed Crops and Flax, and Their Utilization in Plant Breeding. The Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R., Moscow.

Weltzien, E. and Fischbeck, G. (1990). Performance and variability of local barley landraces in Near-Eastern environments. Plant Breed, 104: 58–67.

Yeh, F. C., Yang, R. -C., Boyle, T. B. J., Ye, Z. -H. and Mao, J. X. (1997) Popgene, the user-friendly shareware for population genetic analysis Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Centre, University of Alberta, Canada.