Phân tích di truyền một kiểu hình sớm ở cá nóc đực (Takifugu rubripes) bằng hệ thống định kiểu Genotyping bằng cách Phân đoạn Ngẫu nhiên, Trực tiếp (GRAS-Di)

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 23 - Trang 177-188 - 2021
Sota Yoshikawa1,2, Masaomi Hamasaki1, Kazushi Kadomura1, Toshiyuki Yamada1, Hisashi Chuda3, Kiyoshi Kikuchi2, Sho Hosoya2
1Nagasaki Prefectural Institute of Fisheries, Nagasaki, Japan
2Fisheries Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Shizuoka, Japan
3Aquaculture Research Institute, Kindai University, Wakayama, Japan

Tóm tắt

Hệ thống định kiểu dựa trên PCR không hướng mới, tên là Genotyping bằng cách Phân đoạn Ngẫu nhiên, Trực tiếp (GRAS-Di), được đặc trưng bởi sự đơn giản trong việc xây dựng thư viện và độ bền với sự phân hủy DNA, dự kiến sẽ thúc đẩy những tiến bộ trong di truyền học, cả trong khoa học cơ bản và ứng dụng. Trong nghiên cứu này, chúng tôi đã thử nghiệm tính hữu dụng của GRAS-Di cho phân tích di truyền trong một quần thể nuôi của cá nóc hổ Takifugu rubripes. Các phân tích di truyền bao gồm phân tích cấu trúc gia đình, xây dựng bản đồ di truyền, và phân tích lãnh thổ đặc trưng số lượng (QTL) cho kiểu hình sớm ở đực bằng một quần thể gồm bốn gia đình cùng mẹ khác cha từ một dòng di truyền có tính khả sản sớm. Trung bình, 4,7 triệu đọc thô đã được thu thập từ 198 con cá. Các đọc đã được cắt tỉa đã được ánh xạ lên bộ gen tham chiếu Fugu để tiến hành định kiểu, và 21.938 biến thể đơn nucleotide có khả năng tồn tại (SNP) đã được thu được. Những SNP 22K này đã phân tích chính xác mối quan hệ giữa anh em và cặp cha con. Một bản đồ liên kết chi tiết (tổng kích thước: 1.949 cM; khoảng cách trung bình: 1.75 cM) đã được xây dựng từ 1.423 SNP có hiệu quả, cho mà các mẫu hình di truyền có allele đã biết. Phân tích QTL đã phát hiện một locus quan trọng cho trọng lượng tinh hoàn trên Chr_14 và ba locus có khả năng trên Chr_1, Chr_8, và Chr_19. QTL quan trọng này là chung cho chiều dài cơ thể và trọng lượng cơ thể. Tác động của mỗi QTL là nhỏ (phân tích biến thể kiểu hình, PVE: 3.1–5.9%), gợi ý rằng tính khả sản sớm thấy ở cá nóc nuôi là do nhiều gen. Từ những kết quả này có thể thấy rằng GRAS-Di là một công cụ định kiểu thực tiễn cho các loài thủy sản và có thể áp dụng cho các chương trình nhân giống phân tử, như chọn lọc hỗ trợ dấu hiệu và chọn lọc toàn bộ bộ gen.

Từ khóa

#Genotyping #GRAS-Di #cá nóc #phân tích di truyền #QTL #phenotypic variation #aquaculture

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