Generality of differential sensitivity to alcohol in selectively bred rats
Tóm tắt
The extent to which motor impairment generalizes following a 1.5-g/kg IP dose of alcohol was investigated in two lines of rats bred to be either “most” (MA) or “least” (LA) affected by alcohol. Motor impairment was assessed on several measures of general activity at approximately 60–65 days of age. MA rats were found to be significantly more impaired than LA rats in the stabilimeter and open field following alcohol, although no differences were present following saline injection. In the running wheel, activity was lower for MA as compared to LA animals following saline, although the two lines were still differentially affected by alcohol. These findings are thought to demonstrate that the disparate responses to alcohol are not unique to stabilimeter activity upon which the two lines were selectively bred, but instead indicate generalized differences in alcohol sensitivity. The utility of these lines for studying differential sensitivity to alcohol among individuals is discussed.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Baumeister, A., Hawkins, W. F., & Cromwell, R. L. Need states and activity level. Psychological Bulletin, 1964, 61, 438–453.
Collier, G. Work: A weak reinforcer. Transactions of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1970, 32, 557–576.
Eriksson, K. Genetic selection for voluntary alcohol consumption in the albino rat. Science, 1968, 159, 739–741.
Eriksson, K. Behavioral and physiological differences among rat strains specially selected for their alcohol consumption. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1972, 197, 32–41.
Ewing, J. A., Rouse. B. A., & Pellizzari, E. D. Alcohol sensitivity and ethnic background. American Journal of Psychiatry, 1974, 131, 206–210.
Gerall, A. A., Napoli, A. M.,& Cooper, U. C. Daily and hourly estrous running in intact, spayed, and estrone implanted rats. Physiology and Behavior, 1973, 10, 225–229.
Goldstein, D. B. Inherited differences in intensity of alcohol withdrawal reactions in mice. Nature (London), 1973, 245, 154–156.
Heston, W. D. W., Erwin, V. G., Anderson, S. M., & Robbins, H. A comparison of the effects of alcohol on mice selectively bred for differences in ethanol sleep time. Life Sciences, 1974, 14, 365–370.
Jennings, W. A. Estrous variations in the total behavior output of the female rat. American Zoologist, 1969, 9, 1067.
Kakihana, R. Adrenocortical function in mice selectively bred for different sensitivity to ethanol. Life Sciences, 1976, 18, 1131–1138.
Lester, D., Lin, G., Anandam, N., Riley, E. P., Worsham, E. D., & Freed, E. X. Selective breeding of rats for differences in reactivity to alcohol: An approach to an animal model of alcoholism, IV. Some behavior and chemical measures. In R. G. Thurman, J. G. Williamson, H. Drott, & B. Chance (Eds.), Alcohol and aldehyde metabolizing systems (Vol. 3). New York: Academic Press, 1977, in press.
Riley, E. P., Freed, E. X., & Lester, D. Selective breeding of rats for differences in reactivity to alcohol: An approach to an animal model of alcoholism, I. General procedures. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 1976, 37, 1535–1547.
Riley, E. P., Worsham, E. D., Lester, D., & Freed, E. X. Selective breeding of rats for differences in reactivity to alcohol: An approach to an animal model of alcoholism, II. Behavioral measures in the MA and LA strains. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 1977, in press.